• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1483-1498
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• 2022

While public interests in the metaverse are growing recently in the Korean media and research, its understanding has not been fully established yet. In this study, we aimed to probe whether the rapid growth in media attention about the metaverse has increased its usage as a buzzword accompanied by an absence of scientific context. We analyzed publications and online news containing "metaverse" from 2020 to 2022. The data analysis methods are 1) time series frequency, 2) keyword network, 3) natural language model. The findings indicate the perception gap about metaverse between research and news articles broadened as its popularity has grown. Research about metaverse gradually expanded its connections with related topics-virtual and augmented realities-focusing on social changes in a remote environment. However, media reporting frequently used "metaverse" as a buzzword rather than explaining its scientific background, stimulating the proliferation of related topics and the dispersion of news content. This study further discusses the need for a media strategy to improve public conception of the long-term development of the metaverse.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.281-300
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• 2023

Recently, the call for better accountability and social responsibility from corporations has been regularly voiced, both in the academic literature and in public discussions. This poses a challenge to the existing literature in understanding consumption behaviors to direct them toward sustainable development. This study investigates the purchase intention of Gen Z consumers in Vietnam with green packaging products. Data were collected from 914 respondents by online questionnaire and then analyzed using OLS. The results suggest the significant influence of customers' income and packaging in driving customers' intention to use environmentally-friendly products. Specifically, consumers in a higher income class participate more actively in green purchases. However, problems associated with inadequate packaging are also illustrated, resulting in the poor perception of green messages and poor practice of ecological actions. Besides, subjective norms and green trust are found to be adversely related to green consumer intention. In addition, gender disparity in green behavior is reported, where female consumers show a higher tendency to ecological consumption than their male counterparts. Other demographic factors are also included in the model as control variables, which are age, education, price, environmental literacy, environmental concern, and psychological awareness, but they do not have a significant impact on green purchase intention.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.19-25
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• 2022

Purpose: This study attempts to investigate causal and intervening conditions for sport participation of Korean immigrants in the United States. Research design, data, and methodology: Grounded theory approach was used to develop a conceptual framework that presents the psychosocial processes that occur in immigrants' experience of sport participation. Participants were selected purposefully for information-rich cases. Korean immigrants with current experience of having periodically participated in sports were the criterion for sample selection. Based on selection criteria, 9 Korean immigrants took part in interview. The interview discussions were taped and transcribed verbatim into a Word file. The process for data analysis included four grounded theory approaches of purposive and theoretical sampling, an open and axial coding, memo writing, and finally the development of the conceptual framework. Results: Six concepts were revealed in the causal conditions that facilitate the process of immigrants' sport participation in the states: Personal experience, significant others, personality, physical environment, psychological well-being, and social connection. Three concepts were revealed as the intervening conditions that block the process of immigrants' sport participation in the states: Conflict with cultural change of organization, Pressure at workplace, and Economic constraints. Conclusions: Conceptual model presents causal and intervening factors. Further implications were discussed.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.131-135
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• 2022

Purpose: There is inconsistent evidence about the association between fetal nuchal cord and the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We performed a meta-analysis to investigate whether fetal nuchal cord is associated with an increased risk of ASD in offspring. Methods: Three main English databases were searched until January 2021. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess study quality. Study heterogeneity was determined using the I 2 statistic, while publication bias was assessed using Begg and Egger tests. Results are presented as odds ratios (ORs) and relative ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and were determined by a random-effects model. Results: Five articles (1 cohort, 4 case-control; 3,088 total children) were included in the present meta-analysis. Fetal nuchal cord was not a risk factor for ASD (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.66-1.57). There was homogeneity among studies that reported a risk of ASD (I²=0.0%). Conclusion: Our results showed that fetal nuchal cord is not a risk factor for ASD. Future large cohort studies should confirm this finding.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.45-56
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• 2021

Purpose - This study examines the relationship between the global consumer's shopping value and the intent to purchase in many of today's emerging international malls. furthermore, the orientation of shopping will be examined to see if there is a significant mediating effect between the value of shopping and willingness to purchase in international shopping malls. Design/methodology - This study conducted a survey of Chinese travelers who had experience in visiting a shopping mall during their visit to Korea through an online panel research agency and received a total of 230 responses. To confirm the relationship with constructs, the structural equation model (SEM) was used to test hypothesis in this research. Findings - The study was to examine the relationship of the international consumers' shopping value to the purchase intention in shopping mall when they visit to other countries, and to find if there was any effect on the relationship between the shopping value of the shopping orientation and the willingness of the international shopping mall. Originality/value - By confirming the relationship between international consumers' shopping value and shopping orientation, this study proposed the theoretical implications for global consumers' shopping behavior. In addition, this result can affect the development of service programs for foreign consumers.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.546-552
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• 2013

The future competitiveness of construction industry is dependent on K-12 students. However, unfavorable images of construction industry have negative influence on K-12 students' decision-making of their career. This negative image makes them not want to find out what actually happens in construction industry. Consequently, it is important to give K-12 students the opportunity to know what construction employees actually do in their job. Studies show that K-12 students who encounter the job early-on are more likely to choose it as their career. In this context, this paper proposes construction educational game in which it can serve as a medium for capturing K-12 students' interest in Construction Management (CM). Based on the literature reviews, challenges of construction educational game for K-12 students which are edutainment, hands-on experience and social interaction, are derived. To address these issues, conceptual model and scenario are designed. Based on designed scenario, prototype of Simulation based Construction Game in Virtual World (SCGVW) is developed in Second Life (SL) and applicability test to K-12 students are implemented. This paper concludes with a discussion of the lessons learned and the future development steps of the construction educational game for K-12 students.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.273-273
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• 2022

The increasing number of Westernized eating patterns based on wheat flour in Korea has led to an increase in the rate of diseases such as obesity and diabetes, which has become a social problem. Wheat consumption is increasing due to changes in eating habits, but domestic wheat has low price competitiveness and has stagnated recently, so it is necessary to secure new resources to differentiate from imported wheat. Resistant starch, a newly created resource in domestic wheat, can act as a prebiotic similar to dietary fiber in the body, inducing microbial changes in the gut and having beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome. Wheat research on resistant starch was carried out based on the breeding of high amylose. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to perform SNP identification and expression analysis related to wheat amylose through phenotype and genotype. 561 wheat core collection gene sources were investigated for amylose content in wheat, and related genes were extracted and analyzed. In the GWAS analysis, the model formulas BLIMK, FarmCPU, GLM, MLM, and MLMM were used to derive results such as QQ plots and Manhattan plots through phenotypic data. Among these models, BLAST was conducted to find the association between the SNPs identified using FarmCPU and genes related to starch, and 15 were found. Using the identified markers, it becomes easier to develop and browse related wheat cultivars according to their amylose content.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.279-295
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a scale to measure hospital nurses' silence behavior and examine its validity and reliability. Methods: A total of 52 preliminary items on hospital nurses' silence behavior were selected using a content validity test by seven experts on 53 candidate items derived from a literature review and in-depth interviews with 14 nurses. A total of 405 hospital nurses participated in a psychometric testing. Data analysis comprised item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and convergent and discriminant validity tests. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for assessing concurrent validity, and Cronbach's alpha was used for the reliability test. Results: The final scale consisted of nine factors with 31 items, exhibiting acceptable model fit indices, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. The score of the entire scale was positively correlated with the 'Organizational Silence Scale (OSS)-the issues on which nurses remain silent' (r = .60, p < .001) and 'OSS-the reasons why nurses remain silent' (r = .68, p < .001). Cronbach's α of the scale was .92, and α of each subscale ranged from .71 to .90. Conclusion: The Hospital Nurses' Silence Behavior Scale is a useful tool for assessing multifaceted silence behavior among nurses. It can provide basic data for developing better communication strategies among nurses and other hospital staff.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.203-214
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• 2024

Objectives: In the context of competency-based education emphasized in Korean Medicine, this study aimed to develop a pilot version of a CPX (Clinical Performance Examination) Practicing Chatbot utilizing large language models with prompt engineering. Methods: A standardized patient scenario was acquired from the National Institute of Korean Medicine and transformed into text format. Prompt engineering was then conducted using role prompting and few-shot prompting techniques. The GPT-4 API was employed, and a web application was created using the gradio package. An internal evaluation criterion was established for the quantitative assessment of the chatbot's performance. Results: The chatbot was implemented and evaluated based on the internal evaluation criterion. It demonstrated relatively high correctness and compliance. However, there is a need for improvement in confidentiality and naturalness. Conclusions: This study successfully piloted the CPX Practicing Chatbot, revealing the potential for developing educational models using AI technology in the field of Korean Medicine. Additionally, it identified limitations and provided insights for future developmental directions.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.174-187
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate an education program for housewives to reduce sodium intake based on the social cognitive theory. Methods: Housewives (n = 387) received 2 education sessions focused on food purchase and cooking, and completed a questionnaire on their perceptions of environmental, cognitive, and behavioral factors and the stages of behavioral change to reducing sodium intake both before and after the education program. Results: After the education program, the recognition of social efforts for sodium reduction and sodium labeling and experience with low-sodium products increased. Positive expectancies for the prevention of osteoporosis by the reduction of sodium were enhanced while the main barriers in practicing sodium reduction decreased, especially 'interrupting social relationships when dining with others', 'bad taste', 'preference for soup or stew', and 'limited knowledge and skills to practice'. In addition, cognition and nutrition knowledge related to reducing sodium intake were improved on all scores, but the effect on self-efficacy and dietary behavior was limited to only a few items. The percentage of participants in the pre-action stage (including pre-contemplation, contemplation, and preparation stages) for reducing sodium intake decreased from 43.2% before education to 21.5% after education, while that in the action stage increased from 19.6% before education to 43.5% after education (p < 0.001). The education program had the most significant impact on participants who were in the pre-action stage and showed improved scores in all sections. Conclusion: These results suggest that a customized education program for housewives could be an effective tool to reduce sodium intake by improving personal expectancies, cognition, and nutrition knowledge regarding sodium reduction and enabling a greater section of the population to move to the action stage of reducing sodium intake.