• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.166-171
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• 2019

항로표지사고는 항로표지의 신뢰성을 저하시키고, 관리자는 추가적인 업무가 부여되며, 이용자는 항해 중 부담감을 가지게 되는 등 모두에게 불편을 초래하는 사회적 비용(경제적 손실)이 발생하게 된다. 이러한 항로표지사고로 인한 경제적 손실을 추정하기 위해 선행연구에서는 항로표지사고의 사회적비용 추정모델을 생산손실비용, 행정비용, 위험비용의 합으로 제안하였으나, 위험비용의 추정에 대한 적절한 연구결과를 제시하지 못하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 선행연구에서 제시한 추정모델을 보완하여, 부산청 관할해역에서 최근 10년간(2008-2017년) 발생한 항로표지사고 249건에 대한 사회적비용을 산출하였다. 즉, 항로표지 사고의 위험비용은 항로표지가 비시장재화이므로 조건부가치측정법을 이용하여 산출하였다. 그 결과, 10년간 항로표지사고의 사회적비용은 생산손실비용 31억원(25.38%), 행정비용 17억원(13.62%), 위험비용 75억원(61.01%) 등 총 124억원으로 추정되었다.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.23-46
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to estimate effects of healthy city policies on reducing social costs. The analyses were dune at the cities, counties, and communities levels in 2009, and covered Seoul Metropolitan Area(SMA). For estimation of reducing social costs, it developed a system dynamics(SD) model that analyzed causal relationships between physical inactivity rates, the number of deaths, medical expenses, and total social costs. Simulation period of SD was from 2009 to 2030. Three alternatives were proposed with combinations of length of bike lanes, number of bus routes, crime rates, self-reported good health status rates, and obesity rates. The total estimated cost of physical inactivities from 2009 to 2030 was 31.9 trillion won from the future forecast without policies. As a result of simulations with three alternatives, there were economic benefit approximately from 119.7 billion won to 1.16 trillion won. This study contributed to better understanding the economic benefits of healthy cities that were associated with design of built environment and physical activity. It also emphasized the importance of healthy cities planning as one of national welfare polices.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2011

Building deterioration would be proceeded by various causes such as physical, social, economic degradation. The deterioration would be inevitably prevented or delayed to get the decent function and performance in various building part and components. The maintenance and management are continued to provide the decent living condition for the household. The maintenance means mainly a repair, including the on-time and longterm plan. The longterm repair would be conducted by the systemic preparation in management activity and a required cost. Therefore, the annual due for the longterm repair plan is important to prepare the repair cost in a required time. In this paper, it aimed at analyzing the longterm repair cost and modelling to forecast the required cost in total area, number of household and time elapse in apartment housing. The estimation model of a repair cost is used with a power function which has a good statistics. Results of this study are shown that the sample has a longterm repair due in a $2,032won/m^2{\cdot}yr$ averagely which is higher than $912won/m^2{\cdot}yr$ in domestic. Second, the longterm repair due is proportionally correlated with the time elapse in both a total area and the number of household. Third, the estimation model for the longterm repair amount is suitable for the power function which is most in any other estimation models. Fourth, the ration of the longterm plan repair due a year to the cumulated longterm amount is about 26%.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.59-74
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• 2018

It is well known that market transactions do not lead to social optima when externalities exist. Given that previous studies such as RICARDO-AEA(2014) have identified various types of external costs, we must take their magnitudes, or externalities in general, into account in order to make toll prices to achieve social optimum. Little has been done on estimation of externalities in road uses in Korea, to the best of our knowledge. We suggested to use the contingent valuation method (CVM) to estimate overall social benefits and applied it to estimation of benefits of road kill prevention as a pilot study. Our empirical model has considered heteroskedasticity explicitly and its estimation result was that individual drivers were willing to pay 147 KRW on average in addition to current toll prices for prevention of road kills. We provided general discussions of externalities in road use and various internalization measures.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.848-853
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• 2007

This paper presents a methodology of estimating incomplete information in electricity markets for analyzing the gaming behavior of Generating Companies (GENCOs). Each GENCO needs to model its opponents' unknown information of strategic biddings and cost functions. In electricity markets with complete information, each GENCO knows its rivals' payoff functions and tries to maximize its own profit at Nash equilibriurnl Nli) by acknowledging the rivals' cost function. On the other hand, in the incomplete information markets, each GENCO lacks information about its rivals. Load patterns can change continuously due to many factors such as weather, price, contingency, etc. In this paper, we propose the method of the estimation of the opponents' cost function using market price, transaction quantities. and customer load patterns. A numerical example with two GENCOs is illustrated to show the basic idea and effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2012

In this paper, we draws tendency of the electricity consumption in residential buildings according to inhabitants Composition types and the level of incomes. it is necessary to reduce energy cost and keep energy security through the electricity demand forecasting and management technology. Progressive social change such as increases of single household, the aging of society, increases in the income level will replace the existing residential electricity demand pattern. However, Only with conventional methods that using only the energy consumption per-unit area are based on Energy final consumption data can not respond to those social and environmental change. To develop electricity demand estimation model that can cope flexibly to changes in the social and environmental, In this paper researches propensity of electricity consumption according to the type of residents configuration, the level of income. First, we typed form of inhabitants in residential that existed in Korea. after that we calculated hourly electricity consumption for each type through National Time-Use Survey performed at the National Statistical Office with considering overlapping behavior. Household appliances and retention standards according to income level is also considered.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.448-452
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• 2008

Organization wishes to develop newer and more complex system according as social structure is more complex and a technology develops more. Therefore, field of system engineering in development of new system is realized by all-important essential boundary. However cost of SE have considered restrictively being not about SE cost having applied SE. About this problem, this study provides COSYSMO as model for SE cost estimation, as the application example, estimate SE cost for smart UAV system applying COSYSMO in PRICE Trueplanner.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2009

국가 물류 수송의 총 사회적 비용을 감소시키기 위해 기존의 물류 수송 체계를 철도 중심의 물류체계로 전환해야 할 필요성이 있다. 이를 위해 DMT와 같은 다양한 새로운 운송 수단의 도입이 고려되고 있으며, 이러한 운송수단의 도입은 기존의 도로의 수송 분담률을 낮춰줄 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 새로운 운송 수단의 도입에 따른 경제성 평가는 대부분 화물 운송 소비자의 효용함수를 도출하고, 이 효용함수로부터 수단별 운송 분담률이 어느 정도 될 것인지를 추측하는 데에 치중해왔다. 본 연구는 운송 소비자의 효용과 사회적 비용을 동시에 고려하여, 물류수송에 관여되는 사회적 비용을 최소화하는 적정 수송분담률을 구하기 위한 수리 모형을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 이용하여 컨테이너 화물에 대한 운송 수단별 적정 수송 분담률을 계산해 본다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.339-351
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study is to estimate empirically whether there is a difference in medical use among income groups, and if so, how much. This study applies econometric model to the most recent year of Korean Medical Panel, 2015. The model consists of outpatient service and inpatient service models. Methods: The probit model is applied to the model which indicate whether or not the medical care has been used. Two step estimation method using maximum likelihood estimation is applied to the models of outpatient visits, hospital days, and outpatient and inpatient out-of-pocket cost models, with disconnected selection problems. Results: The results show that there was the inequality favorable to the low income group in medical care use. However, after controlling basic medical needs, there were no inequities among income groups in the outpatient visit model and the model of probability of inpatient service use. However, there were inequities favorable to the upper income groups in the models of probability of outpatient service use and outpatient out-of-pocket cost and the models of the number of length of stay and inpatient out-of-pocket cost. In particular, it shows clearly how the difference in outpatient service and inpatient service utilizations by income groups when basic medical needs are controlled. Conclusion: This means that the income contributes significantly to the degree of inequality in outpatient and inpatient care services. Therefore, the existence of medical care use difference under the same medical needs among income groups is a problem in terms of equity of medical care use, so great efforts should be made to establish policies to improve equity among income groups.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.211-221
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 교통사고로 인해 사고 피해자 및 그 가족이나 친지, 주변사람들이 느끼는 정신적 고통을 사회적비용으로 환산한 심리적비용에 대해 고찰하여 보았다. 선택실험방법, 직접질문법, 양분선택형방법 등 3가지 방법을 사용하여 설문설계를 하였으며 이들 설문 설계방법별로 각각의 모형을 구축하였다. 모형 구축 시에는 확률선택모형에서 가장 일반적으로 사용되는 로짓모형을 이용하였으며 직접질문법은 토빗모형을 이용하였다. 이들 모형을 검증한 결과 모형에 따라 차이는 있었으나 대부분 모형의 적합도 및 각 계수의 신뢰도가 95% 신뢰수준에서 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 심리적비용 산정모형으로 산출된 국내 도로교통사고의 심리적비용은 사상자 1인당 1,563만원으로 총 5조 1천억 원이며, 전체 교통사고비용의 37.1%를 점유하는 것으로 분석되었다.