• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.499-507
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• 2000

Smooth shift is one of the key issues in automatic power transmission control systems. However, the torque sensors are too expensive to be used in shift controllers on production vehicles. In order to provide a basic strategy for smooth shifting by using RPM sensors only and in order to accomplish the shift within a designated time, this paper studies detailed characteristics of the smooth shift for clutch-to-clutch shift mechanism. A desired trajectory of slip speed is proposed for smooth acceleration shift defined in this paper. Also the clutch torque needed to achieve this trajectory is derived, and it may be used as a open loop shift control law.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.508-517
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• 2000

For shift quality improvement, torque sensors are currently too expensive to be used on production vehicles. To achieve smooth acceleration shift, the reference trajectory of the clutch slip speed for accomplishing the shift process within a designated shift completion time and its relationship with the clutch actuating torque were suggested by Jeong and Lee (1999). In order to facilitate the proposed algorithm, nonlinear estimators for necessary information such as the axle shaft torque, clutch friction and turbine torque were designed using only speed sensors. Accounting for the modeling error, a control law for this indirect smooth shift was proposed based on the above mentioned suggestions. Simulation results of the proposed estimators and shift controller were presented and further considerations for practical applications are discussed.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2009

경계선 검출은 항상 원 이미지의 노이즈에 의해 영향을 받으므로 사전에 노이즈들을 제거하는 방법들이 필요하다. 그리고 Mean Shift 알고리즘은 이러한 목적에 알맞은 smooth 함수를 가지고 있고, 그래서 중요하지 않은 정보와 노이즈에 민감한 부분들을 점차 제거하는 방법들을 택하고 있다. 우선 Canny 알고리즘을 사용하여 객체의 윤곽선을 추출하는데 초점을 맞추었다. 그리고 알고리즘을 테스트 하고 이전의 단독 Canny 알고리즘보다 우수한 결과를 얻었다. 따라서 Mean Shift 알고리즘과 Canny 알고리즘이 조합된 방법은 경계선 검출 처리에 적당함을 말한다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.1472-1481
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• 2001

In this paper, an advanced shift controller that supervises the shift transients with adaptive compensation is presented. Modern shift control systems for vehicle automatic transmission are designe d to provide smooth transients for passengers' comfort and better component durability. In the conventional methods, lots of testing and calibration works have been done to tune gains of the controller, but it does not assure optimum shift quality at all times owing to system variations often caused by uncertainties in shifting hydraulic systems and external disturbances. In the proposed control scheme, an adaptive compensation controller with intelligent supervisor is implemented to achieve improved shift quality over the system variations. The control input pattern which generates clutch pressure commands in hydraulic actuating systems, is updated through a learning process to adjust for each subsequent shift based on continuous monitoring of shifting performance and environmental changes. The proposed algorithm is implemented and evaluated on the experimental test setup. Results from the experimental studies for several operation modes show both improved performance and adaptability of the proposed shift controller to uncertain changes of the shifting environment in vehicle power transmission systems.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.23-38
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• 2012

일반적으로 학생들은 종이에 곡선을 그려 뾰족한 점이 없어 눈에 보이는 모양이 부드러우면 매끄러운 곡선(smooth curve)으로 인식한다. 이것은 고등학교에서 매개변수 방정식이 움직이는 자연현상을 설명하기 위해 방향과 속도를 모델링하여 만들어진 본래의 의미에 대한 충분한 교수학습이 이루어지지 않아 매끄러운 곡선을 시각적으로 고정된 곡선으로만 이해하는 원인이 될 수 있다. 그리고 동일한 부드러운 곡선이라도 그 곡선을 표현하는 경로에 따라 속도가 불연속이 되거나 속도가 0이 되어 매끄러운 곡선이 아닌 경로가 존재한다는 것을 인식하기 어렵다. 그래서 동일한 곡선을 나타내는 다양한 속도의 경로를 제시하여 속도의 연속성을 구체화 하여 매끄러운 곡선의 의미를 분석한다. 아울러 매끄러운 곡선을 바라보는 관점을 정적인 시각에서 동적인 시각으로 패러다임을 바꾼다면 미적분학의 전반적인 분야가 석화 같은 수학에서 역동하는 수학으로 발전할 수 있다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.96-106
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• 1999

In this study, the advanced shift control algorithm for parallel type hybrid drivetrain system with automated manual transmission(AMT) is proposed. The AMT can be easily realized by mounting the pneumatic actuators and sensors on the clutch and shift levers of the conventional manual transmission. By using the electronic-controlled AMT, engine and induction machine, it is possible to achieve the integrated control of overall system for the efficiency and the performance of the vehicle. Performing the speed control of the induction machine and the engine, the synchronization at gear shifting and the smooth engagement of clutch can be guaranteed. And it enables to reduce the shift shock and shorten the shift time. Hence, it results in the improvement of shift quality and the driving comfort of the vehicle. Dynamometer-based experiments are carried out to prove the validity of the proposed shift control algorithm.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.32-48
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• 1994

This paper proposes the compensation algorithm of conventional shift pattern using fuzzy reasoning in automatic transmission vehicles. Recently, automatic transimssion vehicles are continually increasing because of theire ease to drive. Also users require the high performance which includes the smooth shift quality and shift scheduling that matches driver;s intentions. So the shift scheduling has been inproved significantly through the application of electronic control. But, in spite of this development, vehicles using conventional shift pattern are sometimes in discord with driver's intention on roads. In this paper, the paper, the proposed compensation algorithm makes a automatic transmission vehicle be able to select an optimal gear shifting time and position using fuzzy reasoning and make a vehicle driver feel confortable even when the vehicle runs on roads which is extremely changed. Therefore, a vehicle driver can expect to reduce the nimber of unnecessary gear shifting and expect the fuel efficiency high. To show usefulness of the proposed method, some simulation are made to compared with conventional gear shifting. Paper prosposes the compensation mehtod of conventional shift pattern using fuzzy reasoning for the purpose that a vehicle can select an optimal gerar shifting time and position in automatic vehicle. Though the conventional shift pattern has no pliability, vehicle driver can feel comfortable and can reduce the number of unnecessary gear shifting using the proposed method on variable road condition. Therefore, it can be expected the fuel efficiency.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2008년도 제39차 동계학술발표논문집 16권2호
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• pp.211-214
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• 2009

Edge detection always influenced by noise belong to the original image, therefore need use some methods to sort this issue, mean shift algorithm has the smooth function which suit for the edge detection purpose, so adopted to fade out the unimportant information, and the sensitive noise portions. After this section, use the Canny algorithm to pick up the contour of the objects we focus on, meanwhile select the Soble operator that has the orientation attribute to support the method work well. In final, take experiment and get the perfect result we wanted, make sure this method make sense and better than the sole Edge detection algorithm,

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.418-425
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• 2000

Recently, many passenger cars have adopted automatic transmissions for shifting gears, and thus the smooth and precise control of gear shifts of passenger car automatic transmissions has become more and more essential for the riding comfort of vehicles equipped with automatic transmissions. In this article, a neural network-based supervisor for an automotive shift controller considering the throttle opening, variations in throttle opening, and the driving load is presented. For using the driving load information, an observer-based driving load estimation algorithm is proposed. A proportional-integral-derivative controller along with an open loop controller is used as a low level controller for controlling the gear shifts, and a supervisory controller for properly adapting the shift control parameters of the low level shift controller is designed using ANFIS. To evaluate the control performance of the proposed supervisor-based shift controller, both simulation studies and experimental studies are performed for various shifting situations.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2009

본 논문은 홀센서를 사용하는 고속 소형 BLDCM의 속도제어를 위해 PLL 방식을 적용하였다. 제안된 방식은 기준펄스 신호와 홀센서 신호와의 위상차를 이용하는 PLL 기반의 속도제어 기법으로, 별도의 속도 계산이 요구되지 않고, 지령전류는 직접 두 신호의 위상차에 의해 결정된다. 전류 지령은 두 펄스 신호의 위상차에 따라서, 전동기의 속도를 일정하게 유지하기 위하여 변화된다. 제안된 방식은 매우 간단하지만 효과적인 속도 제어를 구현할 수 있다. 또한, 부드러운 토크를 발생하기 위하여 지령 전류는 가속 및 감속 패턴을 따라 변동하도록 설계되었다. 제안된 방식은 50W, 40,000[rpm]급의 소형 고속 BLDCM에 적용하여 실험하였다.