• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.336-343
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• 2002

Recently the rate of adolescent smoking in Korea has increased rapidly, and various health problems related to smoking can be expected to increase in the future. Studies on smoking behavior report that assertiveness is important factor influencing on the adolescent smoking. Purpose: This study was conducted to develope a educational video for the purpose of adolescent's smoking prevention. Method: The 533 participating subjects, 269 in experimental group and 264 control group, in the study were 7th grade students. The content of video introduces three smoke tempting situations. The experimental group received 17 minute video education, and the control group did not receive any treatments. Result: The results show that the student's assertiveness was increased significantly in the experimental group after the video education. Student's attitude on smoking became more negative in the experimental group. However, in the control group, the intention, assertiveness, attitude was not changed. Conclusion: This assertiveness video can be useful educational resource for the smoking prevention program for adolescents. Also further study on longitudinal effect and application on drinking, drug abuse are needed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.153-170
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• 2004

Objectives： This study was performed to develop a smoking prevention program for Korean high school students, and to evaluate the effects of the program. Methods： A smoking prevention program, composed of five-session curriculum, was developed by modifying several smoking prevention and cessation programs based on the Social Influence Model. The program was applied to the freshmen of a technical high school. We surveyed with a questionnaire one week before education, one week after education, and two months after education. The number of participants for data analysis were 282(181 males, 101 females). Among those, 162(97 males, 65 females) students were allocated to the education group, and the other 120(84 males, 36 females) students were allocated to the control group. The effect of education was analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted by potential confounders. Results： Among smokers, those who had education were more likely to quit smoking (OR＝2.99, 95% confidence interval(CI) 0.84-10.64), and to decrease smoking frequency(OR＝2.29, 95% CI 0.95-5.53) in borderline significance one week after education. However, the effect of education disappeared two months after education. The effect of education was significant(OR＝9.11, 95% CI 3.22-25.76) for the increase of smoking cessation intention one week after education, and it persisted until two months after education(OR＝2.94, 95% CI 1.18-7.35). Education was also a significant predictor(OR＝1.97, 95% CI 0.89-4.37) for the increase of smoking cessation stage one week after education and it persisted(OR＝6.39, 95% CI 2.42-16.86) after two months. Among non-smokers, those who had education were more likely to decrease smoking intention one week after education(OR＝4.71, 95% CI 1.63-13.58). However, the statistical significance of education disappeared two months after education. Conclusions： The results showed that the smoking prevention program developed in this study changed smoking behaviors immdeiately after education even though the effect did not persist. However, this program was successful in increasing smoking cessation intention and stage of smoking cessation among smokers.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.305-312
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• 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of smoking prevention smoking cessation program using smoking cessation supporters on the smoking knowledge and beliefs and self-efficacy of smoking cessation of nursing students. The smoking prevention and smoking cessation program developed for this study consisted of general education on smoking (8 times for 30 minutes each time) and the activities of college student smoking cessation supporters. The 30 college student smoking cessation supporters consisted of 6 people per team, a total of 5 teams, and conducted online video promotions by team, smoking cessation promotion and campaign activities, recruiting and mentoring for smoking cessation challengers. As a result of the study, smoking prevention and smoking cessation programs using smoking cessation supporters were effective in increasing nursing students' smoking knowledge and changing their beliefs about smoking negatively. In particular, by understanding the awareness and overall situation of smoking among nursing students, and operating a smoking prevention and smoking cessation program, it made them realize that smoking prevention and secondhand smoke among non-smokers are threatening the health of others. It contributed to the spread of the smoking cessation culture in the university by providing a way to motivate people to quit smoking and to maintain their success in quitting smoking.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.181-200
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• 2007

Objectives: A content analysis was conducted to examine whether the current school textbooks providing smoking information are effective or not. Methods: The authors reviewed 111 qualified textbooks using elementary through high schools during 2006-2007 academic year in Korea. Educational components were coded with an analysis tool developed through the present research. Result: Tobacco education components were narrowly focused on long-term physiological consequences of tobacco use, addictiveness, and harmful ingredients and they were repetitively shown in the textbooks. Negative health consequences such as lung cancer were emphasized 10 times among 12 smoking-related textbooks. Educational messages or contents are mainly based on medical knowledge (72%) rather than psycho-social components. The US school-based smoking prevention programs, however, employ psycho-social approach with cognitive and life-skill components and they contain only 7-17% of smoking-related medical knowledge. In order to increase psycho-social smoking prevention components in Korean textbooks, the present study identified social subjects of textbooks (and relating core sessions) for elementary, middle, and high school. It also provided guidelines for school instructors to use. Conclusion: Adolescent smoking behavior is not caused by the deficit of health information, but mostly by social influences including media and peer pressure. School textbooks proving smoking information need to increase psycho-social context. One of the most effective ways as a psycho-social smoking prevention program is to use social subjects (or curriculum) of textbooks such as social studies, ethics, social cultures, social environment, and home management.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.27-42
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of smoking prevention programs and their effectiveness for Korean school-aged children and adolescents by using systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Electronic searches were performed in RISS, NAL, DBPia, KISS using keywords according to inclusion criteria. 21 studies published from 2003 to the first half of 2017 that dealt with effects of smoking prevention programs for school-aged children and adolescents were selected for systematic review. Results: All 21 studies were quasi-experimental research designs. More than half of the programs(66.7%) were conducted for male and female. Most of the programs were conducted more than once a week(71.4%). 14 studies(66.7%) did not report using a theoretical model. Five dependent variables(knowledge of smoking, attitude toward smoking, non-smoking intention, self-assertiveness, and self-efficacy) were selected to measure the effectiveness of the smoking prevention programs. Knowledge of smoking was the most effective at hedge's g=0.673. Self-efficacy and self-assertiveness variables were statistically significant at hedge's g=0.461 and hedge's g=0.279, respectively. Effect sizes of attitude toward smoking and non-smoking intention were not statistically significant compared to the control group. As a result of the moderator effect analysis on the knowledge of smoking variable, the statistically significant variables were 'gender of participants'(p<0.01) and 'duration of the program'(p<0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study using systematic review and meta-analysis will be evidence-based data for researchers conducting smoking prevention programs in school-aged children and adolescents.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of This pre-post quasi-experimental study was designed to analyze the effects of school based smoking prevention education on knowledge and attitude toward smoking of middle school students. Methods: Data were collected by questionnaires from 320 students of the control group and 244 students of the experimental group in Korea, from June 2 to July 16, 2003. The reliabilities of instruments were adequate (Cronbach's alpha=.75-.92). Data were analyzed by t-test, $x^2-test$ and ANCOVA using SAS V8 program. Results: The results were as follows; 1. The ANCOVA models of the knowledge and attitude toward smoking were very significant to explain about education effects. 2. After the smoking prevention education, the smoking knowledge and attitude of the experimental group was significantly improved, whereas those of control group didn't change significantly. Conclusion: Smoking prevention education for middle school students increased their level of smoking knowledge and attitude. Therefore, it is necessary to give and develop a more effective program which is suitable to the subjects's needs and grades. Furthermore more various teaching methods such as VTR. lectures, role play and long term education program are need to be developed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.54-68
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• 1996

This study aimed at examining the risk factors of smoking behavior among middle school students and preparing school-based smoking prevention program. This study surveyed at February 1995 from 892 students at 3 middle schools in Seoul. The major findings of this study are follows; The proportion of current smoker among students in this study was 3.8%, and the proportion of intentions to smoking was 8.4%. At demographic variables male, pocket money of month was significantly positive association with smoking behavior, but economic status and education status of father were significantly negative association with smoking behavior. Results indicated that social influence variables(peer influence), alcohol, and positive attitudes of smoking were significantly positive association with smoking behavior. So implications for smoking prevention programs may be more effective at risk populations than using general adolescent population. Also ‘School-based smoking prevention programs’ may be learning social pressure resistance skills and giving knowledge and information about negative attitudes about smoking.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.13-34
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• 2002

This study examined smoking behavior of Korean female college students by applying the Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior, and tried to uncover the factors influencing smoking behavior. The main findings are as follows: First, the attitude toward smoking behavior and the perceived behavioral control were statistically significant in predicting smoking intention. The smoking intention was also significant in predicting smoking behavior. Thus, in order to promote to stop smoking, smoking prevention education emphasizing to reduce smoking intention, to lower the positive attitude toward smoking behavior and to enhance the capacity for perceived behavioral control seems to be helpful. Second, the smoking intention influenced significantly over the smoking behavior in all situations. But the influences of the attitude toward smoking behavior, the subjective norms, and the perceived behavioral control over the smoking intention varied from not significant in one situation to significant in the other situation. Thus, different prevention programs according to the characteristics of individuals need to be developed. Third, in a path analysis, the grade and the degree of satisfaction with college life had the indirect influence, and the growth place had the direct influence over the attitude toward smoking behavior and smoking intention. Thus the smoking prevention program focusing on the students who are the first grade, less satisfied with college life, and growing up in small cities should be developed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.175-179
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• 2012

The objective of the study is to investigate the success rate of quit attempts and identify factors associated with success or failure of quit attempts in a quit smoking clinic. A cohort study was conducted with 495 smokers who enrolled in a quit smoking clinic from 2005 to 2008. The factors leading to quit smoking successfully were "being Malay", "having high blood pressure" "type of Nicotine Replacement Therapy" and "duration of follow up". In contrast, clerical staff had negative association to quit smoking. People who started smoking in their teenage years had a high risk of relapse. Integration of active follow up and tailor-made support programmes for quitters appear necessary in order to maintain their non-smoking status and encourage them to be permanent quitters. Integration of quit smoking clinics and primary care clinics could be another potential step for the success of quit smoking programmes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.865-871
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• 2013

Background: The present qualitative study assessed the need, acceptability and appropriateness for implementing effective and culturally appropriate smoking prevention programs for adolescents in schools in Indonesia. Methods: Snowball sampling was used to recruit participants. The study sample comprised a mixture of staff in the education department, junior high school teachers and individuals who had taught junior high school students in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Data were collected through one hour in-depth face to face or telephone interviews and analyzed using a descriptive content analysis procedure. Results: School teachers and policy makers in education firmly supported the implementation of a school-based smoking prevention program in Aceh. An appropriate intervention for smoking prevention program in schools in Aceh should involve both health and Islamic based approaches, and be provided by teachers and external providers. Potential barriers to the program included smoker teachers and parents, time constraints of students and/or teachers, lack of teachers' ability, increase in students' load, the availability of tobacco advertising and sales, and lack of tobacco regulation and support from community and related departments. To increase program effectiveness, involvement of and coordination with other relevant parties are needed. Conclusions: The important stakeholders in Indonesian childhood education agreed that school-based smoking prevention program would be appropriate for junior high school students. An appropriate intervention for smoking prevention program for adolescents in schools in Indonesia should be appropriate to participants' background and involve all relevant parties.