• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.327-338
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to enhance the effectiveness of Korean Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) program. Three main tasks are: to measure pollutant emissions of in-use light-duty diesel vehicles (LDVs); to evaluate the validity of existing smoke control scheme for low-smoke-emitting vehicles, which have diesel particulate filters, DPF, to meet stringent Euro-5 emission limits; and to assess the necessity and the benefit of $NO_x$ inspection, which is not involved in current I/M program. We measured second-by-second smoke, particulate and gaseous emissions of 27 LDVs using opacity smoke meter, photo-acoustic soot sensor, and portable emissions measurement system, respectively, under the Korean I/M test driving cycle, KD-147. We find that the DPF plays a key role in controlling soot, which can be considered as black carbon contained in particulate matter. Thus, from an I/M perspective, we believe smoke inspection strategies for Euro-5 diesel vehicles should be more focused on the capability of detecting DPF malfunctions or failures, in order to keep DPF properly functional. Fleet averaged distance-specific $NO_x$ emissions are consistently higher than corresponding emission limits, and the values are similar among pre-Euro-3, Euro-3, and Euro-4 vehicle fleets. These findings indicate that the $NO_x$ inspection should be incorporated into current I/M program in order to manage urban $NO_x$ emissions. This research allows the Korean I/M program keep pace with developments in vehicle technologies, as well as the increased emphasis on $NO_x$ with respect to air quality and human health.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2016

In the present study, a single cylinder four stroke dual fuel diesel engine was tested to investigate the performance and emission characteristics of various test fuels. The engine was tested in dual fuel mode using diesel and Karanja biodiesel blends as pilot fuel along with Natural gas as primary fuel with a constant gas flow rate under different loading conditions. From the experimentation it was found that smoke opacity and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) are at low level for all the prepared test fuels in dual fuel mode but the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and hydrocarbon (HC) were found higher. In comparison to diesel fuel, by increasing the blend percentage different emission parameters are found to be reduced. At different loading conditions all the test fuels show poor performance in dual fuel mode of operation when compared with single mode of operation with diesel and biodiesel. With increase in gas flow rates, except (NOx) and smoke emissions, the other emission parameters like CO, HC and $CO_2$ values increased for all test fuels. Again, all blended fuels showed lower performance compared to diesel. The maximum pilot fuel savings for diesel was found decreasing with the increase in karanja biodiesel. From the present work it may be concluded that Karanja biodiesel with Natural gas in dual mode can be can used as promising alternative for diesel with some required engine modifications and further research must be carried out to minimize the emissions of CO, HC and $CO_2$.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2018

The People have a bad perception about diesel vehicle because of serious air pollution, increase fine dust and global vehicle company's diesel gate. Starting the project in 2005, Ministry of Environment has been supporting that is exhaust gas reduction devices (DPF) on diesel vehicles in the metropolitan area. During the period of 2017.01.01 to 2017.12.31, 10,030 diesel vehicles installed exhaust gas reduction devices (DPF). Among them, 9,921 diesel vehicles that they have sufficient data for analysis were analyzed amount of particulate matter reduction before and after exhaust gas reduction devices (DPF) was installed. Opacity smoke meter measures the concentration of particulate matter. So concentration of particulate matter was converted into a mass unit, and then calculated the total amount of reduced particulate matter. It was estimated that social benefits is costs required to remove it from the total amount of particulate matter.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2014

Diesel engines have the superior combustion efficiency and fuel economy that they are widely used for industry, heavyduty vehicles, etc. However, its exhaust emissions have become the major concerns due to their environmental impacts. Moreover, the depletion of fossil fuels is the main issue. Therefore, it is important to look for alternative sources of energy. Bio-diesel is one of the ideal energy which has proved to be ecofriendly for more than fossil fuels. The experimental tests analysed the engine performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine using diesel and biodiesel blended of BD25, BD45 and BD65, in order to study the use of clean fuel to meet the increasingly stringent emission regulations. The engine performance was examined by using engine dynamometer while an exhaust gas analyzer was used to examine the emission characteristics. The effect of biodiesel on engine performance were lower to diesel through comparing their HP and torque but fuel consumption was slightly increased because of biodiesel has lower heating value and higher density than diesel. However, due to the better lubricity, the brake thermal efficiency of biodiesel was higher than diesel. The emission characteristics were strongly affected by the blending ratio of diesel and biodiesel. The results showed that the smoke opacity, hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions decreased while the nitrogen oxides (NOX) slightly increased.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.525-531
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• 2011

디젤엔진에서 배기가스 재순환(EGR; Exhaust Gas Recirculation)은 선택적 환원 촉매나 $NO_x$ 흡장 촉 매에 비해 $NO_x$ 배출 저감을 위한 가장 효과적인 기술이다. 점점 더 강화되어 가는 $NO_x$ 배출 규제를 만족시키기 위해서는 많은 양의 EGR 가스 공급이 필요하다. 저압 EGR은 일정한 과급 압력에서 가변형상 터보차져의 제어와 거의 독립적이기 때문에 EGR 공급 측면에서 보면 저압 EGR이 기존의 고압 EGR에 비해서 더 많은 장점을 갖는다. 본 연구에서는 저압 EGR이 연소 특성에 미치는 영향을 고압 EGR을 적용했을 때와 비교하였다. 각 EGR 루프에 대해 혼합기의 희석 정도에 따른 영향을 분석하기 위해 독립변수로써 희석비를 사용하였다. 저압 EGR을 적용하였을 때, 고압 EGR을 적용했을 때와 동등한 $NO_x$ 배출량을 유지하면서 연료 소비율과 매연 배출은 고압 EGR의 경우보다 좀 더 낮은 결과를 보였다.