• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2023

As smartphone use is increasing within the middle-aged population, society should pay closer attention to the mental health problems associated with smartphone addiction. This study examines the possibility that depression, anxiety, and ADHD can be interpreted not only as negative aspects, but also as positive aspects, in an addiction-related individual. We used habitual and addictive smartphone behavior as the dependent variables; anxiety, ADHD, depression, and habitual smartphone use as the independent variables; and self-control as a moderating variable. Depression and ADHD in smartphone users were found to be associated with higher levels of addictive smartphone use. Anxiety was having negative effect on addictive smartphone use. However, habitual smartphone use didn't significantly affect addictive smartphone use. Further analysis indicated that depression, anxiety, and ADHD have mediating effects on habitual smartphone use. This study confirmed that psychological factors in adults, as well as habitual/addictive smartphone use and self-control, significantly influence smartphone overdependence.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2019

As the tendency of children's overdependence on smart phones increased, it was obligatory to carry out preventive education more than once a year in kindergarten and day care center, but there is no specific guidance on contents and method of preventive education. This is due to the lack of prior studies on the actual use of smartphones and the influence variables of infants and young children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of use time, frequency of use, and sociological background variables on the actual situation of smartphone usage and overdependency on smartphone among 3-5 year old children nationwide. For the analysis, the frequency of the use of smartphone for 3-5 year old children was analyzed by frequency analysis, and the influence variables were correlated and multiple regression analysis. Research shows that smartphone overdependence of 3-5 year old children have an influence on the use time and frequency of use. The results should include content that restricts the use time and frequency of use of smartphones and prevention education programs for 3-5 year olds and young children. Suggesting a need for a transition to the educational method used.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.82-91
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to identify gender-based differences in factors related to smartphone overdependence among middle school students. Methods: The subjects of the study were middle school students who participated in the 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2020). Frequency analysis, the Rao-Scott χ² test, and multiple logistic regression were performed using SPSS 27.0. Results: Identified risk factors were grade level, self-reported health, self-reported happiness, loneliness, smoking, drinking, poor sleep quality, physical activity, and generalized anxiety disorder, which were commonly found in all participants. Additionally, stress was found related only in boys, while the residential area and depression showed associations only in girls. In particular, the more severe was the level of generalized anxiety disorder, the higher was the risk ratio of the high-risk group, compared to the potential-risk group. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, a customized strategy that considers gender differences should be developed in order to prevent smartphone overdependence in middle school students.

• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.459-466
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• 2023

본 연구는 간호대학생의 스마트폰 과의존과 의사소통능력과의 관계에서 학업스트레스의 매개효과를 규명하고자 실시하였다. 연구대상자는 A시와 Y시의 간호대학생을 대상으로, 연구 기간은 2023년 3월 2일부터 3월 9일까지였고, 분석 대상은 139명이었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 26.0, Process macro program을 사용하여 기술적 통계, Pearson correlation을 실시하였다. 스마트폰 과의존과 의사소통능력과의 관계에서 학업스트레스의 매개효과를 확인한 결과 학업스트레스(β=-186, p=.023)는 스마트폰 과의존(β=.226, p=.005)과 의사소통능력(β=-.314, p<.001) 간의 관계에서 매개효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 간호대학생의 의사소통능력에 대한 변인별 설명력은 15.4%로 나타났다. 또한, 간호대학생의 스마트폰 과의존을 낮추기 위해서는 스마트폰 사용에 대해 교육하고 자제력을 키울 필요성이 있으며, 학업스트레스에 대처할 수 있는 중재방안을 마련하고 의사소통 능력을 향상시키기 위한 교육 프로그램을 개발해야 한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.116-131
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a smartphone overdependence prevention program for college students based on the self-determination theory (SDT) and evaluate its effectiveness. Methods: A non-equivalent control group repeated measures design was used for the study. Participants were 64 university freshmen (experimental group: 29, control group: 35). The developed program consists of eight sessions conducted twice a week. The program was designed to promote autonomy, competence, and relatedness the three elements of the basic psychological needs of self-determination theory. The participants were assessed before the program, immediately after, and 1 and 3 months after the program. Data were collected from April 23 to September 14, 2018 and analyzed by performing a Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS/WIN 23.0. Results: This study showed improvement in the basic psychological needs (F=3.90, p=.010) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Specifically, competence (F=2.93, p=.035), relatedness (F=2.89, p=.045), and self-regulatory ability (F=3.11, p=.028) improved significantly. Conclusion: Study findings indicate that the smartphone overdependence prevention program based on the Self-determination theory could be an effective intervention for improving basic psychological needs and self-regulation ability. Therefore, this program could be an efficient strategy for smartphone overdependence prevention in university students.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2017

본 연구는 남자 중학생을 대상으로 스마트폰 과의존에 미치는 영향요인을 규명하기 위해 수행한 서술적 연구이다. 남자 중학생 174명을 대상으로 스마트폰 과의존, 스트레스, 자아탄력성, 스마트폰의 기능별 사용 등에 대한 설문조사 하였다. 연구결과 남자 중학생의 스마트폰 과의존 위험군은 29.9%(잠재적 위험군은 23.6%, 고위험군은 6.3%)이었으며, 스마트폰 과의존의 영향요인은 스마트폰 사용시간, 스트레스, 자아탄력성, 고학년이었다. 즉, 하루 평균 휴대폰 사용시간이 길수록, 스트레스 수준이 높을수록, 자아탄력성 수준이 낮을수록, 고학년일수록 스마트폰 과의존도가 높았다. 이에 따라 과도한 스트레스 상황을 극복할 수 있는 적절한 스트레스 대처양식의 개입이 요구된다. 또한 자아탄력성 수준을 높이는 개입 프로그램의 개발과 수행을 통해 스트레스 대처에 대한 적절한 개입효과 뿐만 아니라 스마트폰 사용시간도 통제할 수 있는 효과도 기대할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.70-76
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• 2019

IoT technology application has been part of modern people's everyday life. This technology makes people to depend on smart devices. 'Smartphone' is the most typical example. Despite the advantages given by this device, the bad side effects are also notable. This paper presents interactive content on the dependence of smartphone device. The research objective is to make individuals to reduce the use of smartphones by realizing their own problems of smartphone dependency. Research was progressed by analyzing aspects obtained from users participating in the self-developed interactive game contents. As a result of the analysis, approximately 68% of people were aware of the problem through this content. This indicates the potential of using convergence research in interactive contents with other fields furthermore.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2022

이 연구는 청소년들의 범불안장애와 스마트폰 과의존의 관계에서 신체활동의 매개효과를 확인하는데 목적을 둔다. 청소년 시기 스마트폰 이용으로 인한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 방안으로 신체활동을 통한 청소년의 건강증진 프로그램의 필요성을 찾고자 하였다. 연구 목적을 위하여 교육부·보건복지부·질병관리청에서 공동으로 실시한 2020년 청소년건강행태조사자료를 이 연구의 분석 자료로 활용하였으며, SPSS 23.0을 이용하여 요인분석, 신뢰도분석, 빈도분석, 다중회귀분석 그리고 3단계 매개효과 분석을 실시하여 검증을 시도하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 범불안장애는 신체활동과 부적(-)인 관계가 있고 신체활동 역시 스마트폰 과의존과 부적(-)인 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 범불안장애와 스마트폰 과의존 경험 관계에서 신체활동의 매개효과를 분석한 결과 신체활동은 유의미한 매개변수인 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 신체활동은 범불안장애와 스마트폰 과의존 경험의 관계에서 부분매개효과가 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 개인 스포츠활동보다는 팀스포츠활동을 통해 신체활동을 높이는 것은 스마트폰사용을 줄이는데 도움이 될 수 있다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.325-340
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was undertaken to identify the effects of a camp-type group counseling program based on the self-determination theory, for controlling smartphone usage amongst university students. The program consisted of smartphone overdependence, basic psychological needs, and adaptation to college life. Method: This was a quasi-experimental research with a non-equivalent control group design (pre-test and post-test design). A total of 38 freshmen (17 experimental and 21 control) participated in the study. Experimental subjects attended a two nights and three days camp, where the group counseling program included meetings for basic psychological needs (eg., autonomy, competence, and relatedness). Results: This study showed significant differences in basic psychological needs (Z=-2.91, p=.003) and adaptation to college life (Z=-3.47, p<.001). Although no significant difference was obtained in the degree of smartphone overdependence (p=.194), mean score of the experimental group pre-test and post-test changed from the level of potential risk users to general users. Conclusion: The current findings indicate that by considering the basic psychological needs and adaptation to college life, our program could be an effective intervention for controlling smartphone usage amongst college students. Therefore, we propose that a camp-type counseling program could be considered for application as group therapy for programs associated with preventing smartphone overdependence.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2020

본 연구는 유아교육기관에서 영유아의 스마트폰 과의존 예방교육을 위한 부모교육프로그램 개발을 위한 기초데이터 수집의 목적으로 하였다. 연구자료는 한국정보화진흥원에서 실시한 '2019 스마트폰 과의존 실태조사'의 원데이터 중 3~5세에 해당하는 909명의 자료가 활용되었다. 연구결과 3~5세 영유아는 하루 평균 1시간 이상 스마트폰을 사용하고 있었으며 주로 동영상 서비스와 게임, 음악듣기, 검색서비스 교육콘텐츠 등의 순으로 스마트폰을 이용하는 것으로 나타났다. 부모들은 자녀의 스마트폰 이용시간과 의존도에 대해 허용적인 것으로 나타났다. 특히 대부분의 영유아가 스마트폰을 이용하여 동영상 시청과 게임 콘텐츠를 이용하고 있음에도 불구하고 우려하지 않고 있다는 점에서 영유아기 자녀의 스마트폰 이용에 대한 부모교육 콘텐츠는 미디어 사용에 대한 포괄적 내용이 포함될 필요가 있다.