• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.111-120
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• 2024

This study aimed to examine the effect of the depression on fatigue among university students by mediating smartphone overuse, which would be expected to help to lead healthy school life. Participants were composed of the 193 university students and performed a self-report questionnaire including depression, fatigue, smartphone overdependence, and demographic characteristics. Data was analyzed using SPSS 25.0 along with the PROCESS macro program. The main findings were as follows. Depression had a significant effect on fatigue among university students (F=8.180, p<.001), and smartphone overdependence was significantly mediated between depression and fatigue (B=.120, p<.001). These findings suggest that psychological aspects should be considered when developing intervention programs aimed at reducing fatigue levels of university students. Furthermore, the efforts to appropriate use of smartphones are needed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.97-105
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• 2020

This study was to identify the main predictors of smartphone overdependece of infants perceived by mothers and to provide basic data useful for education and practice. For this, data-mining decision tree analysis was performed using SPSS program, and the fianl 410 researches were used for analysis. The results. In the case of the whole infants, the most important predictor of smartphone dependence was father's leisure activity parenting participation. For boys, their father's leisure activity was the most dependent on their smartphone dependence. However, even if father's participation in leisure activities was high, smartphone overdependence increased again when mother's overprotection and permissive attitude were high. Finally, For girls, the most influential variable on smartphone dependence was warmth and encouragement among mothers' parenting attitudes.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.734-745
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of parental self-esteem with adolescents' smartphone over-dependence and to investigate whether parental attitudes mediate between them. The SEM was utilized by extracting data from 2,590 pairs of middle school students and their parents in the 1st year from the KCYPS 2018. First, parental self-esteem had a significant correlation with adolescent's smartphone over-dependence. Second, parental attitude mediates the effect of parental self-esteem on adolescent's smartphone overdependence. Third, among six sub-factors of parental attitude, only inconsistency was significant. In conclusion, to prevent teens' smartphone overdependence, parental factors such as parents' self-esteem enhancing and consistent parental attitude to their children is important. Based on these results, practical measures for preventing smartphone over-dependence of adolescents were discussed.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.130-137
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore methods to prevent and improve the problem of overdependence on smartphones by analyzing the differences in satisfaction with college life satisfaction of freshmen. For this, data on freshmen of KCYPS were extracted and used. The data were analyzed using non-hierarchical cluster(K-means) analysis, T-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffé tests. The results of this study are as follows. First, it has been shown that freshmen who are overdependent on smartphones experience inconvenience in their daily life, withdrawal and anxiety, and resistance. Second, there is no significant difference in the level of satisfaction with college life according to gender(t=-.015, p<.05). Third, it is shown that the level of satisfaction with college life of overdependent freshmen on smartphone is significantly lower compared to that of average and moderate dependent freshmen. Based on the results, it was suggested that university-level efforts such as emotional support and learning strategy support are needed for freshmen who are overdependent on smartphones.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.827-832
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• 2022

In this study, the effect of fear of COVID-19 on children's ability in life competency was examined, and the mediating effect of smartphone dependence on this relationship was also verified. For this study, 250 children living in area K who were using smartphones were surveyed as research subjects. The major research results found that the higher the fear of COVID-19, the lower the child's ability in life competency, which affects the child's ability in life competency. And the fear of COVID-19 has been shown to affect smartphone dependence. In addition, It was found that dependence on smartphones had a fully mediating effect on the relationship between children's fear of COVID-19 and their ability in life competency. Based on these research results, to promote the healthy growth and development of children in social disaster crises such as COVID-19, a convergence intervention and pro-active strategy that can control children's smartphone dependence and improve their life's ability in life competency was presented.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.276-282
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• 2023

IoT technology application has been part of modern people's everyday life. This technology makes people to depend on smart devices. 'Smartphone' is the most typical example. Despite the advantages given by this device, the bad side effects are also notable. This paper presents interactive content on the dependence of smartphone device. The research objective is to make individuals to reduce the use of smartphones by realizing their own problems of smartphone dependency. Research was progressed by analyzing aspects obtained from users participating in the self-developed interactive game contents. As a result of the analysis, approximately 68% of people were aware of the problem through this content. This indicates the potential of using convergence research in interactive contents with other fields furthermore.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.20-45
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• 2018

This study aims to find the factors of Internet overdependence in adults, through the decision tree analysis model, which is a data mining method using National Information Society Agency's raw data from the survey on Internet overdependence in 2016. As a result of the decision tree analysis, a total 16 nodes of Internet overdependence risk groups were identified. The main predicated variables were the amount of time spent per smart media usage in weekdays; amount of time spent per smart media usage in weekends; experiences of purchasing cash items; percentage of using smart media for leisure; negative personality; percentage of using smart media for information search and utilization; and awareness on good functions of the Internet, all of which in order had greater impact on the risk groups. Users in the highest risk node spent the smart media for more than 5 minutes per use and less than 5~10 minutes in weekdays, had experiences of cash item purchase, and had lower level of awareness on the good functions of the Internet. The analysis led to the following recommendations: First, even a short-time use has higher chances of causing Internet overdependence, and therefore, guidelines need to be developed based on research on the usage behavior rather than the usage time. Second, self-regulation is required because factors that affect overindulgence in games, such as the cash items, increase Internet overdependence. Third, using the Internet for leisure causes higher risk of overdependence and therefore, other means of leisure should be recommended.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.383-393
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine impact of multi-cultural family on subjective health status, mental health and internet addiction tendency compared to general family in Korean adolescent. The data were derived from the 13th Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey 2017 in Korea and analyzed considering complex samples analysis. The subjects were general families 61,320(98.5%) and multi-cultural families 956(1.5%). Multi-cultural youth had higher rates of unhealthy and unhappy and the percentage of depression, suicidal ideation, weekday and weekend smartphone overdependence, experience problems with using smartphone in friend than general youth. In addition, suicidal ideation 1.270 times, weekday and weekend smartphone overdependence 1.359 times and 1.297 times respectively and experience problems with using smartphone in friend 1.603 times was increased in multi-cultural youth compared to general youth. Therefore, it is very meaningful that this study provided basic data of intervention program to improve mental health and internet addiction tendency of multi-cultural youth.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.523-529
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• 2022

This study looked at how children's mental health is affected by Domestic violence and school violence at home and school after Covid-19, as well as how these victim experiences relate to children's mental health. This study surveyed 650 students from 14 middle schools in Wanju, Korea. The moderating effect of smartphone overdependence in the experience of violence and mental health was investigated. Major research findings: First, children's exposure to domestic violence and school violence has a significant impact on smartphone dependence. Second, children's exposure to domestic and school violence has a significant impact on their mental health. Third, it has been demonstrated that smartphone dependence is statistically significant in the relationship between domestic and school violence. Based on these findings, we present a convergent intervention and practice strategy for children in the Covid-19 era to cope with mental health problems and expand the support system.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.197-208
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• 2018

Purpose: This study investigated the smartphone using time, troubles with smartphone usage, and related factors in Korean adolescent smartphone users. Methods: Data were obtained from 54,603 subjects aged 13 to 18 years in the 2017 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey Results: The study analyzed the school type, academic achievement, residence type, weekly average allowance, and usual counselor, perceived stress, happiness, and depression of the subjects showed a significant difference in the variable of troubles experienced by the smartphone user. Multiple sample logistic regression analysis showed that adolescents with low academic achievement (weekday, weekend OR = 1.78, 1.65), low economic status (weekday, weekend OR = 1.17, 1.37), friends with distress counselors (weekday, weekend OR = 1.29, 1.24), weekly average allowance (weekday, weekend OR = 1.85, 1.50), stressed (weekend OR = 1.25), depressed (weekday, weekend OR = 1.26, 1.14), family troubles (weekday, weekend OR = 1.14, 1.15), friendship troubles (weekday, weekend OR = 1.70, 1.38), and academic performance troubles (weekday, weekend OR = 1.28, 1.38) spent more than the average using time on their smartphones. Conclusion: To prevent overdependence on smartphone use among adolescents, a nursing intervention program that relieves stress and lowers depression should be developed.