• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.176-183
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is was to analyze customer experience attribute of professional baseball. To achieve objectives of this study, a method was used the in-depth interview and experts' consultation which understanding the attributes and structure of customer experience attribute of professional baseball. As a result, the professional baseball customer experience attributes are 'viewing plan & purchase', 'stadium movement', 'entrance stadium', 'move to seat', 'game viewing', 'amenities/services', 'events/cheering', 'move after match'. The review of the experience section and attributes derived through in-depth interviews with professional baseball fans was verified through an expert' consultation to secure content validity. Through this process, 8 experience section and 41 attributes were analyzed. The customer experience journey was analyzed for a more in-depth analysis of the viewing experience of professional baseball fans. The customer experience journey was presented based on the needs of fans and discomfort in each experience section activity.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2016

A retractable-roof spatial structure is frequently used for a stadium and sports hall. A retractable-roof spatial structure allows natural lighting, ventilation, optimal conditions for grass growth with opened roof. It can also protects users against various weather conditions and give optimal circumstances for different activities. Dynamic characteristics of a retractable-roof spatial structure is changed based on opened or closed roof condition. A tuned mass damper (TMD) is widely used to reduce seismic responses of a structure. When a TMD is properly tuned, its control performance is excellent. Opened or closed roof condition causes dynamic characteristics variation of a retractable-roof spatial structure resulting in off-tuning. This dynamic characteristics variation was investigated. Control performance of a passive TMD and a smart TMD were evaluated under off-tuning condition.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2023

In this study, a smart bench was developed and researched smart benches that can contribute to user convenience and satisfaction by installing them in parks, bus stops, and tourist attractions in line with the rapidly changing construction of smart cities. The smart bench is automatically operated by the control system according to the external temperature and provides additional functions such as charging, lighting, and advertising to improve general bench functions as well as heating in winter and cooling in summer, making it suitable for smart urbanization. The developed smart bench is designed to be strong enough to withstand loads of about 2,500 N. It minimizes the visible parts such as assembled bolts and 220V power supply wires, It can also give aesthetic effects. The development was carried out with the aim of waterproofing and dustproofing of IP44 grade in accordance with the climate of Republic of Korea, which has four seasons, and it is advantageous for long-term use because the paint was selected for the weather ability (discoloration) grade 3 or higher. If smart bench is commercialized, it is believed that various options can be provided to the smart bench market, where buyers had few product options, as the parts were developed in an assembled type so that all functions can be responded in an optional form according to the installation environment and the buyer's budget.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2020

본 연구는 스마트경기장 환경에서 팬서비스 개발의 기초가 되는 위치기반서비스(LBS)의 품질 특성을 구단 자체 어플리케이션을 통해 파악하고 기술수용모델(TAM)에 적용하여, 구단 애착심에 따른 미래행동에 대한 구성개념 간 구조적인 인과관계를 규명하는 연구를 진행하였다. 한국프로야구(KBO) 리그 구단 중 스마트경기장 인프라와 자체앱을 구축한 SK 와이번스와 KT 위즈 구단의 자체 앱을 사용해 본 관람객을 대상으로 2019년 11월에 걸쳐 실증조사가 이루어졌으며, 총 448명의 자료가 구조방정식모델(SEM) 분석에 활용되었다. 데이터 분석 결과, 스마트경기장의 위치기반서비스 품질요인에 따른 기술수용모델과 구단 애착심 및 미래행동의 구조관계 모형은 14개의 가설 중 12개가 정(+)의 인과관계가 확인되어 위치기반서비스의 품질요인, 기술수용모델, 구단애착심, 그리고 미래행동 간의 종합적인 인과관계를 입증하였다. 이러한 실증분석 결과를 토대로 스마트경기장 환경에서 위치기반서비스를 기반으로 한 관람객의 의사선택에 대한 학문적 근거와 실무적 시사점을 제시하였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.321-336
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• 2022

Model uncertainty is a key factor that could influence the accuracy and reliability of numerical model-based analysis. It is necessary to acquire an appropriate updating approach which could search and determine the realistic model parameter values from measurements. In this paper, the Bayesian model updating theory combined with the transitional Markov chain Monte Carlo (TMCMC) method and K-means cluster analysis is utilized in the updating of the structural model parameters. Kriging and polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) are employed to generate surrogate models to reduce the computational burden in TMCMC. The selected updating approaches are applied to three structural examples with different complexity, including a two-storey frame, a ten-storey frame, and the national stadium model. These models stand for the low-dimensional linear model, the high-dimensional linear model, and the nonlinear model, respectively. The performances of updating in these three models are assessed in terms of the prediction uncertainty, numerical efforts, and prior information. This study also investigates the updating scenarios using the analytical approach and surrogate models. The uncertainty quantification in the Bayesian approach is further discussed to verify the validity and accuracy of the surrogate models. Finally, the advantages and limitations of the surrogate model-based updating approaches are discussed for different structural complexity. The possibility of utilizing the boosting algorithm as an ensemble learning method for improving the surrogate models is also presented.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.819-829
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• 2022

관람스포츠는 오랜 기간 사랑받아온 대표적인 여가활동으로, 그중 프로야구는 1982년 출범해 급속한 성장과 함께 국민들의 대표 스포츠로 중추적인 역할을 해왔다. 그러나 2018년과 2019년 이후 점차 관람 수요가 감소하고 있다. 따라서 이번 연구는 프로야구 구장에 서비스스케이프 개념을 적용해 국내 야구장 활성화를 위한 개선 방향과 계획 방향을 제시하는 것이 목적이다. 본 연구에서는 선수들의 경기력과 관중 관람몰입에 영향을 미치는 서비스스케이프 요소 5가지 (1.접근성, 2. 스포츠 시설, 3. 좌석 4. 지원시설, 5. 이벤트)를 도출했으며, 51개의 국내외 야구장을 대상으로 도출된 요인에 초점을 맞춘 사례 연구를 실시했다. 국내 야구장은 주로 경기 관람에 치중해 야구 경기 외 활용도가 낮고 관중들의 수요 변화에 대응하지 못하고 있다. 해외 사례와 마찬가지로 야구장을 경험과 체험 위주의 여가문화공간으로 보고 운영방법과 제도개선, 구체적인 계획방향 등을 달리 정할 필요가 있다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.151-167
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• 2015

Instrumentation on structural health monitoring system imposes critical issues for applying the structural monitoring system to real world structures, for which not only on the configuration and geometry, but also aesthetics on the system to be monitored should be considered. To illustrate this point, two real world structural health monitoring systems, the structural health monitoring system of Shenzhen Vanke Center and the structural health monitoring system of Shenzhen Bay Stadium in China, are presented in the paper. The instrumentation on structural health monitoring systems of real world structures is addressed by providing the description of the structure, the purpose of the structural health monitoring system implementation, as well as details of the system integration including the installations on the sensors and acquisition equipment and so on. In addition, an intelligent algorithm on stress identification using measurements from multi-region is presented in the paper. The stress identification method is deployed using the fuzzy pattern recognition and Dempster-Shafer evidence theory, where the measurements of limited strain sensors arranged on structure are the input data of the method. As results, at the critical parts of the structure, the stress distribution evaluated from the measurements has shown close correlation to the numerical simulation results on the steel roof of the Beijing National Aquatics Center in China. The research work in this paper can provide a reference for the design and implementation of both real world structural health monitoring systems and intelligent algorithm to identify stress distribution effectively.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2018

본 연구는 Deep Neural Network(DNN)을 이용하여 광주-기아 챔피언스 필드의 일일 관중 수를 예측함으로써 이를 통해 구단과 관련기업의 마케팅 자료제공 및 구장 내 부대시설의 재고관리에 자료로 쓰임을 목적으로 수행 되었다. 본 연구에서는 Artificial Neural Network(ANN)의 종류인 DNN 모델을 이용하였으며 DNN 모델의 과적합을 막기 위해 Dropout과 Batch normalization 적용한 모델을 바탕으로 총 4종류를 설계하였다. 각각 10개의 DNN을 만들어 예측값의 Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)와 Mean Absolute Percentage Error(MAPE)의 평균값을 낸 모델과 예측값의 평균으로 RMSE와 MAPE를 평가한 Ensemble 모델을 만들었다. 모델의 학습 데이터는 2008년부터 2017년까지의 관중 수 데이터를 수집하여 수집된 데이터의 80%를 무작위로 선정하였으며, 나머지 20%는 테스트 데이터로 사용하였다. 총 100회의 데이터 선정, 모델구성 그리고 학습 및 예측을 한 결과 Ensemble 모델은 DNN 모델의 예측력이 가장 우수하게 나왔으며, 다중선형회귀 모델 대비 RMSE는 15.17%, MAPE는 14.34% 높은 예측력을 보이고 있다.