• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.153-165
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• 2013

Deficiency in access to housing is a major manifestation of poverty. In the city of Bangalore, the poor and the marginalized constitute nearly 30 percent of the 8.47 million population (2011 Census) and are living in the nearly 640 slums in addition to squatter settlements and pavements. The city sprawls over an area of 741 sq. kms (2007 estimates) and the poor have very little access to personal living space. According to the Integrated Housing and Slum Development Program guidelines, each household with four average members should have 25 sq. meters of living space. In the case of poor of Bangalore, the attainment of even this minimum is a far cry. In recognition of this acuteness with regard to the problem of housing, the government has introduced schemes like the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission and the Rajiv Awas Yojana. And these schemes have witnessed only a limited success. Whenever the problem of housing for the urban poor is considered, the state and location of slums get into focus. The people living in slums are a crucial and inevitable support to the city economy. Relocation of slum people is fraught with loss of productivity and strain on the transport system and on the incomes of the poor. Their needs like housing, schooling, health centers, creches, hospices etc. have to be provided for. Financial support to the poor with regard to their housing needs will have to be imaginatively provided by banks and related institutions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.209-225
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• 2017

This study examines the effect of residential and neighboring environment on the residents' social exclusion in Daejeon Chokbangchon, the city's slum area. Based on GIS methodology with residents' addresses and other characteristics, this study finds out the feminization and the ageing trends in the central part of this area. Besides, longitudinal data between 2007 to 2016 shows this area's depopulation resulting in people's spread into other parts of the city. This study took pictures of 252 images of in the streets and indoors, analysed them and defined the problems of residential and neighboring environment. According to this picture analysis, the predicaments of this area was categorized into 4 types such as appearance-hygiene, narrowness-lack of residential functions, safety-privacy violation and stigma. This area ranging 1 km from north to south adjacent with Daejeon railway station was divided into 4 sections with different main problems. The follow-up survey for residents living in each section showed each section was different in work state, neighbor satisfaction, stigma and social exclusion. Finally, residential satisfaction was found to be the most important affecting factor on social exclusion. Based on these results, this study suggests government's housing policy on this area to be more enthusiastic and specific to cope with each problems of sections.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.3-15
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• 1977

In order to find out health problems among inhabitants in slum areas in Kwanak-Ku, Seoul, a series of health survey was conducted upon 510 households by interview from March to December, 1976. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Employments of householders were unstable; Out of 508 householders, 164(32.3%) were unemployed and 184 (36.2%) were daily or temporary employees. 2. Average number of households per house was 2.0 and average area of residential room per person was $4.0m^2$. 3. 476(93.3%) out of 510 households were supplied with tap water and rest of them made use of ground water as a source of drinking water. 4. Only 279(18.3%) out of 1527 live births were delivered at medical facilities, 496(32.7%) were at home attended by doctors or midwives and 358(25.1%) took prenatal care. The above findings were worse in urban slum area than in other urban area of relatively high economic level, but were better than in rural area of less medical facilities. 5. Initiation of treatment were delayed until their illnesses were advanced in most of the households, 472(92.5%) out 510. In the early stage of the illness, 131(25.6%) of the house-holds sought physicians in their clinics or general hospitals and 250 (40.9%) visited chemists, to toy drugs at first hand. Frequency of visits to physician increased to 52.8% as the disease aggravated in later stages. 6. Cost of medical expenditure per household amounted to 815 won, and was paid to, in the order of chemists, physicians, chinese herb stores, chinese herb doctors. 7. Concerning the health knowledge of the inhabitants, 273(53.9%) out of 506 respondents were aware of the infectivity of pulmonary tuberculosis, and 68(13.4%) of them checked regularly their chest findings by X-ray at least once every two years. 8. As for the family planning, although 448(87.3%) out of 510 respondents were in favor of it, 215 (41.8%) of them were actually practicing contraception. 9. About 40.6% (125 respondents) of them obtained information and knowledge concerning contraception through personal contact with family planning workers. 10. Nutritional status of housewives was generally poor: 49(38.3%) out of 128 housewives were found to be anemic and average serum protein level was $7.5{\pm}0.82g/dl$.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.145-158
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• 2020

Dharavi, located in Mumbai, India, is the largest slum in the world, with over 700,000 people living in one area. The provincial government has selected a private business, and planning to promote Dharavi's redevelopment together. In addition, the Indian government announced three city development initiatives in 2015 and is promoting altogether the nationwide urban development in India, redevelopment projects in existing cities, and housing provision for slum residents. Through incorporating ongoing projects such as DMIC industrial corridor and smart city construction in India to the pharmaceutical industry that India has a comparative advantage over other industries, urban pharmaceutical research & production facility and residential complex is proposed in this paper, to be capable of supplying all occupants in the designated site, as a prototype for possible redevelopment directions.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.119-124
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• 2008

In Korea, most of the historic city became a deteriorated area with low-rise settlement. It is revaluated as a s great potential in spite of slum clearance and redevelopment for a long while after 1970s. A great achievement for low rise multi family housing, in spite of these social change, is not easy to find the cases and social commonness. In the view points, this article deals a ideal model in historic areas, and the model should be get the understanding from the people, because acceptance from people is the beginning for making historic housing areas. The facade model for evaluation prepared as three types, and responses for the models processed by AHP(Analysis Hierarchy Process).

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.53-63
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• 2004

According to the New Town Development Plan, Gang-buk area, a symbol of slum in Seoul will be changed new residential area. There are a lot of challenges for success this project. First of all, new ways of city plan "pre-plan and development" and "environmentally friendly development" are necessary to carry out this plan. Another important idea is how to overcome conflicts such as unbalanced development, a traffic jam and environment problem. Also, Government and a citizen agree that this project have to accept eco-protectable and sustainable development theory. For increasing green area ratio and keeping eco-diversity, planting at roofs and water circulation system in residential complex are compulsory. Green network based on environmentally friendly development provides a natural energe stream on eco-system and protects a city from air pollution, hot air island phenomenon and a flood.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.4901-4903
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• 2012

To assess the awareness of cervical cancer among couples, data were collected from two urban slums community in Mumbai. A total of 1958 married women aged from 18 to 49 and their husbands were selected using simple random sampling. Women (37.7%) were significantly more aware of cervical cancer than husbands (8.7%). A slight agreement (kappa statistics=0.16) was observed between husbands and wives on awareness of cervical cancer. Significantly higher percentages of wives were aware of pap smear test than husbands. Overall, awareness of cervical cancer and pap smear test among couples is low. There is need to educate and motivate both of them to participate in cervical cancer screening program.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.28-31
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• 1974

A study was conducted to find out the biological contamination of wells in Chon Ho Dong areas, Seoul, Korea from May 4, 1971 through May 18 1971. Coliform groups were detected by membrane filter method and general sanitary conditions were checked. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1) 61 wells (81.3%) out of 75 wells showed the evidence of coliform group. In urban areas it is recommended to use disinfectants for wells pretty frequently. 2) The wells in native villages were less contaminated than those in new villages established by poor people from slum areas of Seoul. 9 out of 15 wells at Song Pa Dong, which is However, at Bang E Dong's new village, 19 out of 20 wells were contaminatd by coliform groups. 3) Coliform groups were positive at 57 out of 61 open wells, while only 4 out of 14 pumping wells showed the evidence of coliform groups. 4) 38 out of 40 poorly drained wells were contaminated, however, 13 out of 25 well drained wells were coliform organisms positive.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.42-43
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• 2015

This study has analyze the suitable area of slump and slump flow among the fluidity evaluation of concrete by measuring slum and slump flow variation according to unit quantity and fine aggregate percentage in a low W/C mix. The fluidity of concrete can be expressed well with the slump value when sump value is 122mm or less. On the other hand, the fluidity of concrete can be expressed more accurately with slump flow value when slump is 122mm or greater.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 1999

Small apartment housings in Korea are dissatisfied due to the growing areas and changing lifestyle of the residents. Many of them currently confronted with slum areas and kinds of housing stock accumulated much more in Korean contexts. An extention of the existing small houses could be an adaptation model to the increasing requirement standards of the house residents. The new model could support diverse identification of the dwelling model in a settlement and many residents could be satisfied with the settlement. This paper deals with the unification typology of two dwelling units to one in order to remodel existing small apartment houses on the 15-pyung areas (N type) constructed by Korea National Housing Corporation in Naju. The proposed type of the merging of the dwellings remove concrete panel walls, make a path through balcony and attach a living areas to the front of the houses in order to make a circulation between the dwellings. A stair hall can be located in-between or inside the merged houses. It can also enhance privacy against conflictive activities in a house and possibly provide space appropriate for three-generation living. It can be devided for the multi-family use. Finally, the merging types of two dwelling units into one can be used as a device to get rid of the monotonous characteristics and gain diversity in the declining stock housing.