• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2024

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the relationship between cold feet and sleep quality using polysomnography (PSG) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Methods : We divided 11 adults (6 females, 5 males) with Insomnia Severity Index score below 21 into cold feet (CF) and a non-cold feet (NCF) group based on the median feet temperature (Taichong, LR3). PSG and PSQI were administered to assess sleep characteristics and subjective sleep quality. Results : CF group exhibited significantly lower time in bed, sleep period time, and total sleep time compared to NCF group. While there were no significant group differences in sleep latency, wakefulness after sleep onset, or total arousal index, NCF group had significantly lower minimum oxygen saturation and apnea-hypopnea index in REM (rapid eye movement) sleep compared to CF group. Although the PSQI score and the proportion of poor sleepers were both higher in the CF group (7.40 and 80%) compared to the NCF group (5.50 and 50%), these differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions : This study showed that foot temperature affects sleep characteristics and suggests the need to utilize PSG in sleep research in Korean medicine.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated correlations between the actual sleep time 24 hours prior to an examination and the time to achieve chloral hydrate sedation in pediatric patients. Methods: With parental consent, 84 children who were placed under moderate or deep sedation with chloral hydrate for examinations from November 19, 2020 to July 9, 2022 were recruited. Results: Patients' average age was 19.9 months. Pediatric neurology patients and those who underwent electroencephalography took significantly longer to achieve sedation with chloral hydrate. There was a negative correlation between the time to achieve sedation and actual sleep time within 24 hours prior to the examination. Positive correlations were found between the actual sleep time 24 hours prior to the examination and the second dose per weight, as well as between the sedation recovery time and awake hours before the examination. Conclusion: Sleep restriction is not an effective adjuvant therapy for chloral hydrate sedation in children, and sedation effects vary according to pediatric patients' characteristics. Therefore, it would be possible to reduce the unnecessary efforts of caregivers who restrict children's sleep for examinations. It is more important to educate parents about safe sedation than about sleep restriction.

• 재활복지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.195-208
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• 2017

본 연구는 자폐성 장애인들의 수면 문제와 수면 패턴에 대한 선행연구를 기반으로 수면에 영향을 미칠 수 있으며, 지적장애인 거주시설에서 치료적 접근으로 적용 가능한 재활승마 프로그램을 규칙적으로 제공하여 대상자들의 수면에 미치는 영향을 연구하고자 하였으며, 자폐성 장애인들의 취침시간, 기상시간, 총 수면시간, 수면 중 깨는 빈도를 분석하여 기초자료로 제공하고자 한다. 본 연구의 연구대상은 경기도 Y시 지적장애인 거주시설에서 거주하고 있는 자폐성 장애인 10명이며, 2015년 03월 01일부터, 05월 31일까지 총 12주간 재활승마 프로그램에 참여하였다. 재활승마 프로그램 참여에 따른 수면에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 수면 평가지를 통해 취침시간, 기상시간, 총 수면시간, 수면 중 깨는 빈도를 조사하였으며, 기술통계, 프리드만 검정(Friedman)을 실시하여 변화를 분석하였다. 분석결과 통계적으로 유의미하게 취침시간이 빨라졌으며, 총 수면시간이 증가하였고, 수면 중 깨는 빈도가 감소하여 재활승마 프로그램이 대상자들의 수면에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다고 나타났다. 재활승마 프로그램 적용이 참여 대상자들의 수면에 긍정적인 요인으로 작용할 수 있어 시설에 거주하고 있는 자폐성 장애인들에게 시설 내 프로그램으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2011

Schizophrenia is a chronic, currently incurable, and devastating syndrome. Although sleep disturbances are not primary symptoms of schizophrenia, they are important aspects of schizophrenia. Difficulties initiating or maintaining sleep are frequently encountered in patients with schizophrenia. Many schizophrenics report low subjective sleep quality. Measured by polysomnography, increased sleep latency as well as reduced total sleep time, sleep efficiency, slow wave sleep, and rapid eye movement sleep latency (REM latency), are found in most patients with schizophrenia and appear to be an important aspect of the pathophysiology of this disorder. Some literatures suggest that worsening sleep quality precedes schizophrenic exacerbations. Co-morbid sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and restless legs syndrome (RLS), and sleep-disrupting behaviors associated with schizophrenia may lead to sleep disturbances. Clinicians should screen the patient with sleep complaints for primary sleep disorders like OSA and RLS, and carefully evaluate sleep hygiene behaviors of all patients with schizophrenia who complain of sleep disturbances.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.12-18
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• 2017

Adequate amount and quality of sleep are important for metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Too short or too long sleep time disrupts glycemic control in both prediabetes and type 2 diabetic patients. Circadian misalignment such as shift work is also associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Clinicians should pay attention to the sleep problems and circadian patterns of patients. However, the pathophysiologic mechanism of the association between sleep and diabetes is likely to be complex and bidirectional. The underlying mechanism remains poorly understood, and further research is warranted.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2021

Shihogayonggolmoryo-tang (ST) is a Korean medical herb cocktail which has been used to treat anxiety induced insomnia. In this study, we will examine sleep-promoting and anti-anxiety effects of ST, and investigate its mechanism. ICR mice were divided into three groups for the first examination : control group (n=11), ST50 group (50 mg/kg, po, n=11), ST200 group (200 mg/kg, po, n=11). Sleep-promoting effect was confirmed by measuring the sleeping duration time and sleeping onset time after thiopental sodium treatment (50 mg/kg, ip). ICR mice were divided into five groups for the second examination : control group (n=11), ST200 group (200 mg/kg, po, n=11), ST200+Flumazenil group (ST 200 mg/kg, po, flumazenil 0.3 mg/kg, ip, n=11), diazepam group (1 mg/kg, ip, n=11), diazepam+flumazenil group (diazepam 1 mg/kg, ip, Flumazenil 0.3 mg/kg, ip, n=11). Anxiety behavior and sleep-promoting effect was confirmed by open field test and measuring the sleeping duration time and sleeping onset time. Expression levels of c-fos in tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) and ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. ST treated group showed significantly decreased anxiety behavior and enhanced sleeping duration time and sleeping onset time concentration dependently. The expression of c-fos was significantly upregulated in VLPO as sleep-inducing center and TMN as downregulated in arousal center by ST treatment. In addition, all effects of ST were reversed by flumazenil. Our results suggest that ST has sleep-promoting and anti-anxiety effects through regulating arousal center (TMN) and sleep-inducing center (VLPO).

• 수면정신생리
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.117-121
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• 2005

목 적：본 연구에서는 일차성 불면증으로 진단받은 환자들과 대조군 사이의 주간 졸림증 정도를 비교하고 불면증 환자에서의 주간 졸림증과 야간 수면다원검사에서 산출한 수면 변인 사이의 상관관계를 평가해 보고자 하였다. 방 법：서울대학교병원 수면 클리닉에서 일차성 불면증으로 진단받은 환자 87명과 88명의 대조군을 대상으로 하였다. 한국판 엡워스 졸림증 척도로 두 군의 주관적인 주간 졸림증을 평가하여 비교하였고 불면증 환자군에서 야간수면다원검사상의 수면변인과 엡워스 졸림증 척도 사이의 상관관계를 평가하였다. 결 과：불면증 환자군(남자 43명, 여자 44명; 평균연령 $50.7{\pm}11.9$)의 엡워스 졸림증 척도가 대조군(남자 43명, 여자 45명; 평균연령 $52.0{\pm}14.0$)에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 연령을 통제하였을 때, 불면증 환자군의 엡워스 졸림증척도 점수는 수면변인 중 총 수면시간(total sleep time, min), 수면 효율(sleep efficiency%), 2단계 수면 분율(stage 2 sleep time%)과 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보였다(각각 r=-0.232, p=0.034; r=-0.215, p=0.049; r=-0.349, p=0.001). 또한, 수면 중 각성 횟수(number of awakenings), 수면 중 2분 이상 각성한 횟수(number of awakenings>2 mins), 수면 중 각성시간(wake after sleep onset, min)과는 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다(각각 r=0.412, p=0.000; r=0.473, p=0.000; r=0.367, p=0.001). 불면증 환자군의 엡워스 졸림증 척도는 수면 잠복기(sleep latency, min), 1단계 수면 분율(stage 1 sleep time%), 서파 수면분율(slow wave sleep time%), 렘수면 분율(REM sleep time%)과 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 결 론：본 연구에서 불면증 환자는 대조군에 비해 주간 졸림증 정도가 더 낮았으며, 불면증 환자의 주간 졸림증은 수면의 양적 질적 저하와 연관되어 있었다.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2014

This study was a descriptive study to investigate factors affecting sleep time in the Korean elders. A secondary data analysis was conducted using the data of "The Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011". The survey included 3,487 people aged over 65 years and 1,163 samples were used for this study. Data were analyzed with the ${\chi}^2$-test and logistic regression using the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Analysis showed that sleep time was related with the number of chronic disease and limit on the activities of daily living(ADL). These findings suggest that nursing researchers need to consider chronic disease, and ADL as important factors affecting sleep time of Korean elders. Therefore nursing intervention focusing on the issues in needed to develope.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.204-215
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• 2020

People who have sleep disorders such as insomnia take a long time to get to sleep, namely sleep latency. In order to reduce it, effective stimulations and environments to induce sleep such as ASMR or pink noise are necessary. However these have different effects and preferences for each individual. Therefore customized service and control for the sleep induction will be provide to him/her. In this paper, we proposed SIS control system which provides selectively sound control among various kinds of ASMR and pink noise according to sleep state measured from brain wave data for an individual. In order to verify the effectiveness of the system, we had conducted totally 30 experiments for 5 people, and all EEG data measured from all the people during sleep. An average of 3.7 hours was spent per experiment. In comparison experiments with and without sound control for sleep induction, the latency time was reduced by an average of 8 minutes as well as delta waves and theta waves, which appear only in deep sleep, are increased by 21%.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.646-653
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• 2017

Alcalase hydrolysis of liquid egg white was used to produce 5-hydroxytryptophan (HTP) under various conditions and investigate the sleep-potentiating activity of liquid egg white hydrolysate (LEH) on pentobarbital-induced sleep. Alcalase hydrolysis yielded the highest content of 5-HTP ($13.50{\mu}g/mL$), while neutrase hydrolysis showed the lowest 5-HTP content ($5.23{\mu}g/mL$). The liquid egg white to water ratio (1:1) was optimal for the production of 5-HTP with high amino-nitrogen (A-N) content and degree of hydrolysis. The 5-HTP, amino-nitrogen, and degree of hydrolysis increased until 24 h of hydrolysis and slightly increased thereafter during hydrolysis with 2% and 5% enzyme addition. 5-HTP administration at doses of 6 and 9 mg/kg significantly increased sleep duration and decreased sleep latency time compared to that in the control (p<0.05). LEH (150 mg/mouse), which was equivalent to 5-HTP at 6 mg/kg, significantly decreased sleep latency time and increased sleep duration time compared to that in the control (p<0.05). Oral administration of LEH showed sleep-potentiating effects because of 5-HTP. The sleep-potentiating activity of LEH may have occurred through 5-HTP in our pentobarbital-induced sleep model. LEH may be a valuable alternative to sleep enhancement and may be used as a sleep-potentiating agent.