• Title/Summary/Keyword: Slab effect

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Parametric studies on punching shear behavior of RC flat slabs without shear reinforcement

  • Elsamak, Galal;Fayed, Sabry
    • Computers and Concrete
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.355-367
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    • 2020
  • This paper proposed a numerical investigation based on finite elements analysis (FEA) in order to study the punching shear behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) flat slabs using ABAQUS and SAP2000 programs. Firstly, the concrete and the steel reinforcements were modeled by hexahedral 3D solid and linear elements respectively, and the nonlinearity of the used materials was considered. In order to validate this model, experimental results considered in literature were compared with the proposed FE model. After validation, a parametric study was performed. The parameters include the slab thickness, the flexure reinforcement ratios and the axial membrane loads. Then, to reduce the time of FEA, a simplified modelling using 3D layered shell element and shear hinge concept was also induced. The effect of the footings settlement was studied using the proposed simplified nonlinear model as a case study. Results of numerical models showed that increase of the slab thickness by 185.7% enhanced the ultimate load by 439.1%, accompanied with a brittle punching failure. The punching failure occurred in one of the tested specimens when the tensile reinforcement ratio increased more than 0.65% and the punching capacity improved with increasing the horizontal flexural reinforcement; it decreased by 30% with the settlement of the outer footings.

Evaluation of Dorim-Goh bridge using ambient trucks through short-period structural health monitoring system

  • Kaloop, Mosbeh R.;Hwang, Won Sup;Elbeltagi, Emad;Beshr, Ashraf;Hu, Jong Wan
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제69권3호
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    • pp.347-359
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    • 2019
  • This paper aims to evaluate the behavior of Dorim-Goh bridge in Seoul, Korea, under static and dynamic loads effects by ambient trucks. The prestressed concrete (PSC) girders and reinforcement concrete (RC) slab of the bridge are evaluated and assessed. A short period monitoring system is designed which comprises displacement, strain and accelerometer sensors to measure the bridge performance under static and dynamic trucks loads. The statistical analysis is used to assess the static behavior of the bridge and the wavelet analysis and probabilistic using Weibull distribution are used to evaluate the frequency and reliability of the dynamic behavior of the bridge. The results show that the bridge is safe under static and dynamic loading cases. In the static evaluation, the measured neutral axis position of the girders is deviated within 5% from its theoretical position. The dynamic amplification factor of the bridge girder and slab are lower than the design value of that factor. The Weibull shape parameters are decreased, it which means that the bridge performance decreases under dynamic loads effect. The bridge girder and slab's frequencies are higher than the design values and constant under different truck speeds.

New approach of composite wooden beam- reinforced concrete slab strengthened by external bonding of prestressed composite plate: Analysis and modeling

  • Tahar, Hassaine Daouadji;Tayeb, Bensatallah;Abderezak, Rabahi;Tounsi, Abdelouahed
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제78권3호
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    • pp.319-332
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    • 2021
  • The wood-concrete composite is an interesting solution in the field of Civil Engineering to create high performance bending elements for bridges, as well as in the building construction for the design of wood concrete floor systems. The authors of this paper has been working for the past few years on the development of the bonding process as applied to wood-concrete composite structures. Contrary to conventional joining connectors, this assembling technique does ensure an almost perfect connection between wood and concrete. This paper presents a careful theoretical investigation into interfacial stresses at the level of the two interfaces in composite wooden beam- reinforced concrete slab strengthened by external bonding of prestressed composite plate under a uniformly distributed load. The model is based on equilibrium and deformations compatibility requirements in all parts of the strengthened composite beam, i.e., the wooden beam, RC slab, the CFRP plate and the adhesive layer. The theoretical predictions are compared with other existing solutions. This research is helpful for the understanding on mechanical behaviour of the interface and design of the CFRP- wooden-concrete hybrid structures.

Temperature distribution prediction in longitudinal ballastless slab track with various neural network methods

  • Hanlin Liu;Wenhao Yuan;Rui Zhou;Yanliang Du;Jingmang Xu;Rong Chen
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • 제32권2호
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    • pp.83-99
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    • 2023
  • The temperature prediction approaches of three important locations in an operational longitudinal slab track-bridge structure by using three typical neural network methods based on the field measuring platform of four meteorological factors and internal temperature. The measurement experiment of four meteorological factors (e.g., ambient temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, and humidity) temperature in the three locations of the longitudinal slab and base plate of three important locations (e.g., mid-span, beam end, and Wide-Narrow Joint) were conducted, and then their characteristics were analyzed, respectively. Furthermore, temperature prediction effects of three locations under five various meteorological conditions are tested by using three neural network methods, respectively, including the Artificial Neural Network (ANN), the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). More importantly, the predicted effects of solar radiation in four meteorological factors could be identified with three indicators (e.g., Root Means Square Error, Mean Absolute Error, Correlation Coefficient of R2). In addition, the LSTM method shows the best performance, while the CNN method has the best prediction effect by only considering a single meteorological factor.

An analytical solution for buckling failure of rock slopes based on elastoplastic slab theory

  • Zhihong Zhang;Pengyu Wu;Fuchu Dai;Renjiang Li;Xiaoming Zhao;Shu Jiang
    • Geomechanics and Engineering
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    • 제37권1호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2024
  • Buckling failure is one of the classical types of catastrophic landslides developing on inclination-paralleled rock slopes, which is mainly governed by its self-weight, earthquake and ground water. However, nearly none of the existing studies fully consider the influence of slope self-weight, earthquake and ground water on the mechanical model of buckling failure. In this paper, based on energy equilibrium principle and elastoplastic slab theory, a thorough mechanical analysis on bucking slopes has been carried out. Furthermore, an analytical solution for slip bucking failure of rock slopes has been proposed, which fully considers the effect of slope self-weight, seismic force and hydrostatic pressure. Finally, the methodology is used to conduct comparative analysis with other analytical solutions for three practical buckling studies. The results show that the proposed approach is capable of providing a more accurate and reasonable evaluation for stability of rock slopes with potential buckling failure.

하절기 실험을 통한 건물녹화용 피복재료의 복사수지 해석 (An Experimental Study of Surface Materials for Planting of Building Surface by the Radiant Heat Balance Analysis in the Summer)

  • 최동호;이부용
    • 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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    • 제30권3호
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    • pp.71-80
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    • 2010
  • This study carried out to understand the thermal characteristics of various surface material which compose the city through the observation in the summer. To examine passive cooling effect of planting of building, it is arranged four different materials that is natural grass, grass block, concrete slab and artificial grass. The results of this study are as follows; (1) Natural grass and grass block show the lower surface temperature because of the structures of leaf can do more thermal dissipation effectively. (2) There is little surface temperature between artificial grass and concrete. But there is little high surface temperature difference between natural grass and concrete because of latent heat effect. (3) The concrete can play a role of the tropical nights phenomenon as high heat capacity of concrete compare with other materials. (4) It is nearly same color in artificial grass and natural grass but there is large difference between natural grass and artificial grass at albedo. There is different albedo in near infrared ray range. (5) A short wave radiation gives more effect at the globe temperature than long wave radiation. (6) The artificial turf protected the slab surface temperature increase in spite of thin and low albedo materials.

비선형 해석에 의한 MRS 슬래브 단부 접합부의 모멘트 분포 연구 (Nonlinear Analysis for Negative Moment Distribution of MRS Slab End Joints)

  • 문정호;오영훈;임재형
    • 콘크리트학회논문집
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.177-184
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    • 2011
  • 이 연구에서는 PC 구조의 단부를 연속으로 연결한 MRS(multi-ribbed moment resisting slab) 구조에 대한 해석 및 설계법을 제안하고자 하였다. MRS 구조에서는 더블티 부재가 역티보 위에서 부모멘트 철근에 의해서 연속으로 설계되므로, 부모멘트 철근이 좁은 지역에 밀집되는 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 선형 및 비선형 해석을 통하여 모멘트 분포 메커니즘을 분석하여, 적절한 설계법을 제시하였다. 또한 이 연구와 병행하여 실시한 실험 연구의 결과를 비선형상세 해석을 통하여 분석하였다. 그리고 단부구속효과 및 모멘트 재분배에 관한 연구를 위하여 비선형 골조 해석을 선택하여 변수별 연구를 수행하였다. 해석을 위한 재질 및 단면의 특성은 함께 진행된 실험 연구의 결과로부터 얻어졌으며, 비선형 골조 해석을 위한 소성힌지는 균열 모멘트, 공칭 모멘트, 부재 연성도 등의 값으로 모델링되었다. 선형 및 비선형 해석의 결과로부터 단부 회전 스프링과 부모멘트재분재를 통하여 MRS 구조의 단부 모멘트는 상당한 크기로 감소시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

환경하중에 의한 연속철근콘크리트포장의 균열발생 및 진전 특성 분석 (Numerical Analysis of Crack Occurrence and Propagation in Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavements under Environmental Loading)

  • 김성민
    • 한국도로학회논문집
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.39-49
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    • 2007
  • 본 연구는 연속철근콘크리트포장(CRCP)에 환경하중이 작용하여 횡방향 균열이 발생하고 진전되어가는 과정을 분석하기 위하여 수행되었다. 이러한 분석을 위하여 CRCP의 유한요소 모델을 개발하고 균열의 발생과 진전을 예측할 수 있는 요소삭제 방법을 도입하였다. 여러 다른 형태의 환경하중이 작용할 때 CRCP의 거동 및 균열 진전 특성을 분석하기 위하여 세 가지의 경우를 고려하였다. 먼저 CRCP의 콘크리트 슬래브 상부 표면과 하부 표면의 온도차가 선형으로 유지되면서 깊이에 관계없이 일정하게 온도가 계속 떨어지는 경우이다. 다음으로 슬래브 하부의 온도는 일정하게 유지되며 상부의 온도만 감소하는 경우이다. 이 경우는 슬래브 상하부의 온도차가 계속 증가되는 경우라 할 수 있다. 또 다른 경우는 슬래브의 중간 깊이에서 하부까지는 같은 온도가 유지되고 슬래브 상부의 온도만 계속 감소하는 경우이다. 해석 결과 CRCP의 균열발생 및 깊이 방향으로의 진전정도는 환경하중의 형태에 따라 크게 좌우되는 것을 알 수 있었으며 균열의 발생 및 진전에 따른 CRCP의 응력 및 변위의 재분포 과정도 분석할 수 있었다.

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유전체 슬랩으로 덮힌 평행평판 도파관의 좁은 슬릿을 통한 슬랩 위의 도체 스트립과의 결합 (Coupling through a narrow slit in a parallel-plate waveguide covered by a dielectric slab with a conducting strip on the slab)

  • 이종익;홍재표;조영기
    • 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.68-74
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    • 2000
  • 유전체 슬랩으로 덮힌 평행평판 도파관의 좁은 슬릿을 통한 슬랩 위의 도체 스트립과의 전자기적인 결합문제를 평행평판 도파관에 TEM파가 입사되는 경우에 대하여 고려하였다. 슬릿의 접선성분 전계와 도체 스트립에 유기된 전류에 관한 결합 적분방정식을 유도하고 모멘트방법으로 풀었다. 도체 스트립이 결합에 미치는 영향을 보이기 위하여 도파관내에서의 반사 및 투과 전력, 슬릿을 통해 결합된 전력, 슬릿의 등가 어드미턴스, 그리고 복사패턴 등에 대한 수치해석결과를 제시하였다 그 결과 슬릿을 통해 평행평판 도파관 외부로 결합된 전력의 최대치가 도파관 내부 입사전력의 약 50%가 됨을 관찰하였다.

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하부층 모델링에 따른 지반 위 콘크리트 슬래브의 환경하중 하의 컬링 거동 분석 (Effect of Underlying Layer Modeling on Curling Behavior of Concrete Slabs on Grade under Environmental Loads)

  • 김성민;심재수;윤동주
    • 한국도로학회논문집
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.209-220
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    • 2008
  • 본 논문은 지반위에 놓인 콘크리트 슬래브가 환경하중에 의해 컬링 할 때의 거동을 해석할 경우에 하부층의 모델링 방법에 따른 해석 결과의 차이를 분석한 내용을 기술하였다. 지반위에 놓인 슬래브 시스템을 전체 3차원 모델, 3차원 슬래브와 하부층을 스프링으로 구성한 모델, 그리고 2차윈 슬래브와 하부층을 스프링으로 구성한 모델 등으로 개발하여 해석을 수행하였다. 먼저 하부층이 단일 층으로 구성되어 있을 경우에 하부층 모델링 방법에 따른 컬링 거동의 차이를 분석하였다. 그리고 하부층이 서로 다른 재료와 두께로 구성되어 있는 복층일 경우에 하부층 모델링에 따른 컬링 거동의 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 연구결과 하부층을 무인장 스프링으로 모델링 하면 하부층이 단층일 경우에는 일반적으로는 상당히 정확한 해석결과를 얻을 수 있으나, 하부층이 복층일 경우에는 상위하부층의 탄성계수가 클 때, 하위하부층의 탄성계수가 작을 때, 그리고 상위하부층과 하위하부층의 두께가 두꺼울 때는 컬링 시에 슬래브의 수직변위 차이를 과대평가하게 되며 최대응력은 과소평가하게 된다.

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