• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.563-566
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• 1999

The functional diagnosis instrument should be preceded first to both the accurate selection of exact acupoint and discrimination. so the measuring and stimulating method are improved to SPAC pattern to evaluate impedance existed in the body. As a result, the resistance factor between skin and probe, the dipolization of cell was reduced so that the judgement of acupoint is advanced. After extraction of optimization parameter of SPAC pattern which the high discrimination efficiency and the lowest affection on the human body is controlled by using microprocessor to enhance conviction. The discrimination efficiency was confirmed by meridian visualization system. Also mechanism of probe was improved to increase efficiency of image recognition processing. The image of discriminated acupoint with probe is obtained by using a camera, the location on the tip of probe is recognized and processed. And then these are converted to virtual color by proportional to measuring current level of scan point on skin.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.18-22
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• 2009

Laser has been widely used in various fields of medicine. Recently, noninvasive low-level laser therapeutic medical devices have been introduced in market. However, low-level laser cannot deliver enough photon density to expect positive therapeutic results in deep tissue layer due to the light scattering property in tissue. In order to overcome the limitation, this study was aimed to develop a negative pressure applied low-level laser probe to optimize laser transmission pattern and therefore, to improve photon density in soft tissue. In order to evaluate the possibility of clinical application of the developed laser probe, ex-vivo experiments were performed with porcine skin samples and laser transmissions were quantitatively measured as a function of tissue compression. The laser probe has an air suction hole to apply negative pressure to skin, a transparent plastic body to observe variations of tissue, and a small metallic optical fiber guide to support the optical fiber when negative pressure was applied. By applying negative pressure to the laser probe, the porcine skin under the metallic optical fiber guide is compressed down and, at the same time, low-level laser is emitted into the skin. Finally, the diffusion images of laser in the sample were acquired by a CCD camera and analyzed. Compared to the peak intensity without the compression, the peak intensity of laser increased about $2{\sim}2.5$ times and FWHM decreased about $1.67{\sim}2.85$ times. In addition, the laser peak intensity was positively and linearly increased as a function of compression. In conclusion, we verified that the developed low-level laser probe can control the photon density in tissue by applying compression, and therefore, its potential for clinical applications.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.1692-1697
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• 2023

Staphylococcus aureus integrated with mecA gene, which codes for penicillin-binding protein 2a, is resistant to all penicillins and other beta-lactam antibiotics, resulting in poor treatment expectations in skin and soft tissue infections. The development of a simple, sensitive and portable biosensor for mecA gene analysis in S. aureus is urgently needed. Herein, we propose a dual-toehold-probe (sensing probe)-mediated exonuclease-III (Exo-III)-assisted signal recycling for portable detection of the mecA gene in S. aureus. When the target mecA gene is present, it hybridizes with the sensing probe, initiating Exo III-assisted dual signal recycles, which in turn release numerous "3" sequences. The released "3" sequences initiate catalytic hairpin amplification, resulting in the fixation of a sucrase-labeled H2 probe on the surface of magnetic beads (MBs). After magnet-based enrichment of an MB-H1-H2-sucrase complex and removal of a liquid supernatant containing free sucrase, the complex is then used to catalyze sucrose to glucose, which can be quantitatively detected by a personal glucose meter. With a limit of detection of 4.36 fM for mecA gene, the developed strategy exhibits high sensitivity. In addition, good selectivity and anti-interference capability were also attained with this method, making it promising for antibiotic tolerance analysis at the point-of-care.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.385-391
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• 2005

A frictional coefficients of in-vivo skin characteristic is the most important factor of the cutaneous mechanical properties ant the method of evaluating skin care in the fields of cosmetics products. In-vivo skin characteristic varies in many different ways depends on what is applied to the skin, loading condition, shape, surface roughness, and material of the probe. In this research, we designed a system which can be measured frictional coefficients of a human skin on real time. It consists of multi-components load-cell, actuator, linear motor and arm fixator. This measurement system was automatically controlled by computer. We measured frictional coefficients between probe an4 skin using this system ant inquired adjectives for subjective evaluation while rubbing cosmetic product on skin. Lastly, we analyzed correlation between two factors by calculating Pearson Correlation Coefficient. As a result, we could know that frictional coefficients varied from 0.17-1.2 according to cosmetic products, normal forte, materials and surface conditions of probe. We also confirmed sensual feelings of cosmetic products have close correlation with frictional coefficients.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.235.1-235.1
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• 2002

In previous study, we showed the feasibility of the in vivo use of portable near infrared system for the determination of human skin moisture. In order to optimize the acquiring condition of NIR spectrum of skin. skin depth profiling was investigated changing the distance and gap size between illumination and receiving of radiation in the terminal of fiber probe. The colleted light information could be controlled depending the distance and gap of fiber optic probe. (omitted)

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.198-201
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• 2023

Maintaining the patency of the external auditory canal (EAC) during reconstruction is important because of its physiological role in hearing and immunological protective functions. The curved shape of the EAC presents a challenge when performing a skin graft. One of the key points for a successful skin graft is to ensure compression on the wound bed, and many novel methods, including prefabricated ear molds, have been reported for this purpose. In this study, we present a case of a skin graft performed to reconstruct a skin defect following excision of actinic keratosis in the EAC, using the cover of an ear thermometer probe as a mold for the graft to match the curvature of the EAC. This is an economical and practical method for secure compression dressing of a skin graft in the EAC.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.470-474
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• 1996

The dielectric properties, dielectric constant (${\varepsilon}‘$) and loss factor (${\varepsilon}’$), of skin and pulp of fresh ginseng were measured from $25^{\circ}C$ to $67^{\circ}C$ using an open-ended coaxial probe technique for 915 MHz and 2450 MHz. Pulp and skin had dielectric constant of $30{\sim}64$ and loss factor between 10 and 20, each variable having a respective frequency dependence typical of materials with high water content. Although the loss factor was nearly constant, the dielectric constant increased as moisture content increased. The dielectric constant of ginseng pulp increased as temperature increased (temperature ${\leq}56^{\circ}C$), but any significant differences were not found in skin dielectric properties. Penetration depth for fresh ginseng were about 2 cm at 91.5 MHz and 1cm at 2450 MHz.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.681-688
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• 2024

The accurate and rapid detection of methicillin-resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) holds significant clinical importance. However, the methicillin-resistance detection strategies commonly require complicated cell lysis and gene extraction. Herein, we devised a novel colorimetric approach for the sensitive and accurate identification of methicillin-resistance of SA by combining allosteric probe-based target recognition with self-primer elongation-based target recycling. The PBP2a aptamer in the allosteric probe successfully identified the target MRSA, leading to the initiation of self-primer elongation based-cascade signal amplification. The peroxidase-like hemin/G-quadruplex undergo an isothermal autonomous process that effectively catalyzes the oxidation of ABTS2- and produces a distinct blue color, enabling the visual identification of MRSA at low concentrations. The method offers a shorter duration for bacteria cultivation compared to traditional susceptibility testing methods, as well as simplified manual procedures for gene analysis. The overall amplification time for this test is 60 min, and it has a detection limit of 3 CFU/ml. In addition, the approach has exceptional selectivity and reproducibility, demonstrating commendable performance when tested with real samples. Due to its advantages, this colorimetric assay exhibits considerable potential for integration into a sensor kit, thereby offering a viable and convenient alternative for the prompt and on-site detection of MRSA in patients with skin and soft tissue infections.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1128-1128
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• 2001

We have developed a probe for measuring the light levels inside illuminated fruit. The probe has minimal effect on the light levels being measured and enables the sampling of the light flux at any point within the fruit. We present experimental light extinction rates within apple, nashi, kiwifruit, and mandarin fruit. Moving from the illuminated side to the far side of the fruit, the extinction level follows an initial power law decay as the light diffuses into the fruit then reduces to an exponential decay through the rest of the fruit. Significant variations in the rates of light extinction are found in the core, skin and differing flesh regions. Monte Carlo simulations of the light distribution in fruit, which use scattering and absorption coefficients for the diffusely scattering tissue, and boundary conditions for the skin effects, produce results that follow the experimental results closely.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.321-328
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• 2011

Various methods have been investigated to increase photon density in soft tissue, an important factor in low-level laser therapy. Previously we developed a compression-controlled low-level laser probe (CCLLP) utilizing mechanical negative compression, and experimentally verified its efficacy. In this study, we used Bezier curves to numerically simulate the skin deformation and photon density variation generated by the CCLLP. In addition, we numerically modeled changes in optical coefficients due to skin deformation using a linearization technique with appropriate parameterization. The simulated results were consistent with both human in vivo and porcine ex vivo experimental results, confirming the efficacy of the CCLLP.