• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.559-567
• /
• 2010

In this study, the antioxidative effect, cellular protective effect and inhibitory effect on tyrosinase of Cosmos bipinnatus extracts were investigated. The ethyl acetate fraction of Cosmos bipinnatus flower extract ($11.48\;{\mu}g$/mL) showed more excellent free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical, DPPH) scavenging activity (FSC50) than those of leaf and stem extracts ($17.45\;{\mu}g$/mL). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity (OSC50) of Cosmos bipinnatus extracts on ROS generated in $Fe^{3+}$-EDTA/H2O2 system were investigated using the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. The ethyl acetate fraction of Cosmos bipinnatus flower extract ($0.56\;{\mu}g$/mL) showed 3 times more excellent ROS scavenging activity than L-ascorbic acid ($1.50\;{\mu}g$/mL). The protective effects of the ethyl acetate fractions of extracts from different parts of Cosmos bipinnatus on the rose-bengal sensitized photohemolysis of human erythrocytes were investigated. The ethyl acetate fractions of leaf and stem extract and flower extracts suppressed photohemolysis in a concentration dependent manner ($10\sim50\;{\mu}g$/mL). The inhibitory effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Cosmos bipinnatus flower extract ($62.75\;{\mu}g$/mL) on tyrosinase was investigated to assess the whitening efficacy. The ethyl acetate fraction of Cosmos bipinnatus flower extract showed 3.5 times higher tyrosinase inhibitory effect than arbutin ($226.88\;{\mu}g$/mL) known as an effective whitening agent. These results indicate that fractions of Cosmos bipinnatus extracts can function as antioxidants in biological systems, particularly skin exposed to UV radiation by scavenging $^1O2$ and other ROS, and protect cellular membranes against ROS. Fractions of Cosmos bipinnatus extracts can be applicable to new functional cosmetics for antioxidant and whitening.

• 대한화장품학회지
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2007

본 연구에서는 쇠뜨기 추출물의 항산화능을 조사하였다. 추출물의 free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) 소거활성($FSC_{50}$)은 50% 에탄올 추출물($182.04{\mu}g/mL$) < ethylacetate 분획(54.50) < 당을 제거시킨 플라보노이드 aglycone 분획(14.13) 순으로 증가하였다. Luminol-의존성 화학발광법을 이용한 $Fe^{3+}-EDTA/H_2O_2$ 계에서 생성된 활성산소종(reactive oxygen species, ROS)에 대한 총항산화능은 당을 제거시킨 플라보노이드 aglycone 분획($OSC_{50}$, $3.54{\mu}g/mL$) < 50 % 에탄올 추출물(0.80) < ethylacetate 분획(0.006) 순으로 ethylacetate 분획에서 가장 큰 활성을 나타내었다. 쇠뜨기 추출물에 대하여 rose-bengal로 증감된 사람 적혈구의 광용혈에 대한 보호효과를 조사하였다. 50% 에탄올 추출물의 경우 농도 의존적($1{\sim}100{\mu}g/mL$)으로 광용혈을 억제하였다. 특히 ethylacetate 분획에서 당을 제거시킨 aglycone 추출물은 $10{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 $\tau_{50}$이 161.10min으로 매우 큰 세포보호 활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과들은 쇠뜨기 추출물이 $^1O_2$ 혹은 다른 ROS를 소광시키거나 소거함으로써 그리고 ROS에 대항하여 세포막을 보호함으로써 생체계, 특히 태양 자외선에 노출된 피부에서 항산화제로서 작용할 수 있음을 가리킨다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.431-452
• /
• 1993

This study was done to determine the effect of music therapy on stress and quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The research design was a nonequivalent control group pre -post test design. The subjects consisted of 21 patients who received hemodialysis in two hospitals located in Kwang Ju. The fourteen receiving treatment in one hospital were assigned to the experimental group and the seven in the other hospital to the control group. Data were gathered from December 14, 1992 to January 16, 1993 through questionnaires and physiological measurement. Data were analyzed by the SAS package using frequency, t-test, paired t-test and Pearson Prod uct - Moment Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study are summarized as follows ; 1. There were no significant differences between the two groups on stress scores and quality of life scores before the treatment. 2. The mean score on the psychological stress scale for the patients undergoing hemodialysis was 2.48 out of a maximum mean score of four, the items with high stress scores were “feeling of weakness and annoyed by everything”, “limitation of food”, “limitation of fluid”, “change in skin color” in that order. The psychological category showed the highest stress score followed by developmental, scoioeconomic and physiological stress categories in that order. 3. In the experimental group, post - test diastolic blood pressure decerased significantly(t=3.24, p=0.0064), but in the control group pre and post - test diastolic blood pressure were not different. 4. There was no difference between the two groups on the pre and post -test psychological stress scores or the depression scores. 5. The mean score of quality of life for patients undergoing hemodialysis was 2.75 out of a maxi-mum mean score of five. The category of ‘emtional state’ showed the highest score followed by ‘self - esteem’, ‘physical state and function’, ‘economic life’, ‘relationship with neighbors’ and ‘family relationship’ categories in that order. There was no significant difference in the pre and post - test quality of life scores between the two groups. 6. Hypothesis 1 that patients undergoing hemodialysis who received music therapy would have less stress than patients undergoing hemodialysis who did not receive music therapy is divided into two sub - hypotheses. 1) The first sub-hypothesis that patients undergoing hemodialysis who received music therapy would have less physiological stress than patients undergoing hemodialysis who did not receive music therapy was partly supported. Among three physiological stress indices (pulse, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure), only diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly after the treatment in the experimental group. 2) The second sub-hypothesis that patients undergoing hemodialysis who received music therapy would have less psychological stress than patients undergoing hemodialysis who did not receive music therapy was not supported. Psychological stress score and depression score were not significantly different before and after the treatment. 7. Hypothesis 2 that patients undergoing hemodialysis who received music therapy would have a higher quality of life score than patients undergoing. hemodialysis who did not received music therapy was not supported. There were no significant changes in the quality of life scores before and after the treatment.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제71권1호
• /
• pp.24-29
• /
• 2011

Background: The rising prevalence of asthma worldwide may be associated with the rising prevalence of obesity in developed nations. Although several studies have suggested a relationship between asthma and obesity, controversy still remains. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between obesity and asthmatic factors such as atopy, eosinophilia, serum total Ig E and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in chronic cough patients. Methods: This study was a retrospective, observational study in two centers done between January 2007 and June 2008. The subjects included individuals who had a chronic cough. We examined body mass index (BMI) to measure obesity and pulmonary function. We did a metacholine provocation test for airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), a skin prick test for atopy, and tests for blood eosinophils and serum IgE. Results: A total of 1022 subjects were included. Airway hyperresponsiveness was not related with obesity (p=0.06), and atopy incidence was significant higher in non obese patients (p=0.00). There was no significant difference in serum IgE and blood eosinophil counts between obese and non obese patients. Forced expiratory volue in one second ($FEV_1$)/forced vital capacity (FVC) was significantly reduced in obese patients (p=0.03), but FEV1 and FVC were no significant difference between obese and non obese patients. Conclusion: There is no relationship between obesity and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The nonobese group appears to have more atopy. The relationship between obesity and bronchial hyperresponsiveness and atopy need further investigation.

• 동서간호학연구지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.96-106
• /
• 1997

In Chinese medicine, the activities of removing and solving the inner cause are called the regimen in preventing the disease and the good condition of mind emphasizes us to practice ourselves the doctrine of regimen of the mind to promote the health and long life of the living body, in other words, it means we should have clean mind, less desire, less thought, less agony and widely open our emotion and will, and it also means the raising of good nature, the moral cultivation, and we can be healthy when we live by good virtus as the root of regiem. The meaning of the Qi has been expanded more and more since its origination throught the process of practice and perception of man. 1) Matter is changed to the smoke when burned, the energy of water becomes the rain in the sky and the rain raises all living creatures by making them wet. Throught these changes of circulation, men could realize the energy to be the common and original matter of forming all the creatures. 2) The direction of showing the breathing of men in and out has been expended. 3) It was widely understood as the meaning of showing vitality of men, and it was the original root of chinese medicine. 4) It was expended to be showing spirit of nature such as the sun, moon, star, sky, land, mountain and the moral spirit of men as peacefullness. By the original meaning of the word of energy expanded to the wider side of sky, land, men and things, nature, society, man and the moral spirit could get the unified basis of the matter. As the above, the word of Qi has been used in wider meaning at this time from the past. In other words, all things in the universe come into being and extinct by the chang of motion of the Qi and it is recognized to be the living activity in human body. The Qi-kong based on this energy and the motion applied to our daily life are very extensive (Lee, Hye - lung, 1997). Here are the summaries of the effect of the Qi-kong ; 1) The physical constitution is strenthened, physiological function is prosperous and we are free from various geriatric disease and psychosomatic disease not to mention the cold and indigestion. 2) It maintains the clear spirit, elevates intelligence, strengthens the spiritual power and demonstrates the potentiality at the amximum. 3) It maintain beautiful figure and clean skin never losing the charm but full of energy and vitality. 4) It keeps the balanced body never suffering from the unbalance of the bones, various and neuralgia. 5) It maintain the spiritual comfort, the natural posture in everything and real happiness (Lee, Hye-Jung, 1997 : Suh, Yong Kyu, 1989). Chinese medicine mentions the motion by Qi with Qi - kong. But the motion does not require special method in Western medicine. I t is the only way of living of our ancestor indaily life. It is maintaining the healthy lifr by training the Qi, and it is the motion of being with the nature with the open mind in breathing rather than artificially restricting our daily life, it is the motion of the body.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 1976

Reorganization of myun health care service is one of the main issues in health care delivery in rural Korea. The fundamenta, concept of the role and function of the myun health subcenter is that it is the basic unit of rural health care service and is to provide comprehensive health care service through the integration of curative and preventive services. The aim of this study is to analyze the patterns of curative activities in the myun health subcenter in terms of the most prevalent types of diseases, necessary diagnostic methods and required equipment, types of treatment, necessary drugs and materials, and finally the cost of curative services. The population on which this study was done was the 1596 patients who visited the two myun health subcenters (Sunwon Myun and Naega Myun) in Kang Wha County, the area of the Yonsei University Community Health Teaching Project, during period from May 1, 1975 to June 10, 1976. For the patient's record in the clinic, problem oriented medical records were used. Decisions regarding the disease classification, the diagnostic methods used and selection of the most appropriate and adequate medical treatment were made by a group of three experienced physicians after reviewing the medical records which had been written by public physicians who were treating patients in the study area. The records were reviewed by resident staff members of the Department of Preventive Medicine, of Yonsei University College of Medicine. A brief summary of results of the study is as follow: 1. 29.9% of the patients who visited the clinics were ages between 0-4. No sex difference was observed among patients less than 20 years of age. However, among patients over 20 years old, females predominated. Thus it is evident that the majority of patients were either children or mothers and grandmothers. 2. The distance from the individual villages to the myun health subcenter was one of important factors in determining the ratio of clinic visits. However, other factors such as the activities of the health workers also affected the rates substantially. 3. The most common 25 diseases comprised 90.2% of all the diseases recorded. Acute respiratory infection (25.5%), Skin (12.7%) , diarrheal diseases (6.8%), neuralgia and back pain (4.9%) and. all other injuries (3.9%) were the five most common diseases. 4. Of all the diseases diagnosed and treated, 9.2% required simple laboratory tests for diagnosis, 6.5% required X-ray examination, and altogether 13.6% required either laboratory test or X-ray examination. 5. Treatment and management of 42.0% of the cases could be accomplished with simple, inexpensive drugs, 12.8% required the use of more expensive drugs (mostly antibiotics) and injections were required in 19.7% of the cases. Minor surgery and referral were necessary in 5% of the cases. 6. The cost for diagnosis and treatment was estimated with a standard which was set by general concensus. The average cost of diagnosis was 144 per case and the cost of treatment was 726 per case, The Total average cost per visit was 870.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.831-834
• /
• 2010

Purpose: Congenital absence of the vagina is a rare case. It occurs as a result of Mullerian duct aplasia or complete androgen insensitivity syndrome. The reconstructive modality includes skin graft, use of intestine and various methods of flap. We report a patient who underwent vulvoperineal fasciocutaneous flap to reconstruct congenital absence of the vagina, while the external genitalia and ovaries are normal. Methods: A 26-year-old woman presented with vaginal agenesis. Under general anesthesia, a U-shaped incision was made between the urethral meatus and the anus. The new vaginal pocket was created up to the level of the peritoneal reflection between the urinary structures and the rectum. Next, the vulvoperineal fasciocutaneous flaps were designed in a rectangular fashion. Flap elevation was begun at the lateral margin which the adductor longus fascia was incised and elevated, and the superficial perineal neurovascular pedicle was invested by the fascial layer. The medial border was then elevated. A subcutaneous tunnel was created beneath the inferior of the labia to rotate the flaps. The left vulvoperineal flap was rotated counterclockwise and the right was rotated clockwise. The neovaginal pouch was formed by approximating the medial and lateral borders. The tubed neovagina was then transposed into the cavity. Results: In 3 weeks, the vaginal canal remained supple After 6 weeks, the physical examination showed normalappearing labia majora and perineum with an adequate vaginal depth. A year after the operation, the patient had a 7 cm vagina of sufficient width with no evidence of contractures nor fibrous scar formation. The patient was sexually active without difficulty. Conclusion: Although many methods were described for reconstruction of vaginal absence, there is not a method yet to be approved as a perfect solution. We used the vulvoperineal fasciocutaneous flap to reconstruct a neovagina. This method had a following merits: a single-stage procedure, excellent flap reliability, the potential for normal function, minimal donor site morbidity and no need for subsequent dilatation, stents, or obturators. We thought that this operation has a good anatomic and functional results for reconstruction of the vagina.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.208-213
• /
• 2007

호흡곤란과 후지마비 및 발등부위의 괴사를 나타낸 수컷 진돗개가 전북대학교 동물의료센터에 내원하였다. 초기 검사에서 심장 사상충 감염이 확인되었다. 흉부방사선 외측상에서 폐동맥의 확장과 후엽의 간질패턴, 그리고 복배상에서 주 폐동맥의 뚜렷한 확장등이 관찰되어 심장사상충증을 뒷받침하였고, 복부 외측상 및 복배상에서 복부세부음영 소실이 관찰되어 복수를 의심하였다. 초음파상에서 복수와 불규칙한 간변연 그리고 신장양극의 피질에서 쐐기모양의 국소적 고에코상을 관찰하였으며 복부대동맥에서 분지하여 주행하는 바깥장골동맥의 3상형 동맥파형이 분지부 근위에서 관찰되었으나 이 후 대퇴동맥의 파형은 확인되지 않았다. 혈액화학검사에서 백혈구증다증, 빈혈, 혈색소 뇨, 고빌리루빈혈증, 저 알부민혈증, 전해질불균형, 그리고 간장 및 신장효소치의 상승등이 관찰되어 광범위한 장기의 손상이 의심되었다. 특히 글루코스는 정상적인 전지와 마비를 보이는 후지에서 비교한 결과 후지의 글루코스 수치가 현저하게 낮았다. 전산화단층촬영술 후 3차원으로 재구성한 영상을 이용하여 후지 마비의 원인으로 여겨지는 후지 동맥의 혈전색전증과 폐동맥혈전색전증 및 신장경색 등을 확인하였다. 예후불량으로 판단되었으며 실험적 중재적 방사선술을 시도하였으나 마취에서 깨어나지 못했다. 3차원 재구성 CT 영상은 색전증의 빠르고 정확한 진단에 유용하며 효과적인 치료 계획을 수립하는데도 큰 도움이 된다고 판단된다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.735-739
• /
• 2019

용담(Gentiana scabra)의 근경 및 뿌리를 말린 한약재는 우리나라, 중국, 일본을 포함하는 동아시아 지역에서 아주 오래 전부터 각종 염증성 피부 질환, 소화불량, 식욕부진, 위염, 당뇨병 등의 치료를 목적으로 한의학에서 널리 처방되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 용담이 위장관 운동 기능에 미치는 영향을 검정하기 위해 용담의 열수 및 에탄올 추출물을 각각 제조하였으며, 마우스에서 in vivo 위 배출 속도 및 위장관 이송률을 측정하는 실험을 수행하였다. 위 배출 속도는 용담 열수 추출물 1 g/kg 투여 시 유의적으로 증가하였다. 위장관 이송률은 용담 열수 추출물 0.1 및 1 g/kg 투여 시, 그리고 용담 에탄올 추출물 1 g/kg 투여 시 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 두 추출물 모두 용량 의존적 증가 양상을 보였다. 더욱이, 용담 열수 추출물 1 g/kg 투여 시의 위장관 이송률은, 1990년대까지 임상에서 가장 강력한 위장관 운동 촉진제로 쓰였으나 2000년 이후 부작용으로 시장에서 철수된 약물인 cisapride 투여 시보다 그 수치가 높았다. 이러한 결과들은 용담 열수 추출물이 잠재적으로 cisapride를 대체할 수 있는 위장관 운동 촉진제로 개발 가능한 후보 물질임을 시사한다.

• 대한화장품학회지
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2019

오미약성 이론은 다섯가지 맛 중에서 적어도 하나 이상을 맛을 포함하는 다양한 허브로 구성되어 있으며, 이러한 이론은 인간의 질병을 예방하고 면역 체계를 강화하는데 사용되어왔다. 본 연구의 목적은 오미약성 이론에 근거한 단일 추출물 및 혼합 추출물의 효능 차이와 성분 변화를 확인하는 것이다. 황련, 승마 및 백복령 세가지 약초를 선택하였고 단일 추출물 및 혼합 추출물의 약리학적 효능을 평가하였다. 결과적으로 혼합추출물은 단일추출물과 비교하여 400 ug/mL 농도에서 우수한 세포 이동 효과를 보였다. 또한 혼합추출물은 수지상세포의 활성을 증가시켜 면역을 강화시켰으며 DPPH assay 및 HPLC-ABTS assay를 통해 가장 높은 항산화 활성을 보였다. 이번 연구에서 우리는 한의학적 이론을 접목하여 화장품 및 의약품 분야에 응용 가능한 새로운 소재를 개발하였다.