• Journal of Advanced Information Technology and Convergence
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.47-58
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a method for skin condition analysis using a camera module embedded in a smartphone without a separate skin diagnosis device. The type of skin disease detected in facial image taken by smartphone is acne, pigmentation, blemish and flush. Face features and regions were detected using Haar features, and skin regions were detected using YCbCr and HSV color models. Acne and flush were extracted by setting the range of a component image hue, and pigmentation was calculated by calculating the factor between the minimum and maximum value of the corresponding skin pixel in the component image R. Blemish was detected on the basis of adaptive thresholds in gray scale level images. As a result of the experiment, the proposed skin condition analysis showed that skin diseases of acne, pigmentation, blemish and flush were effectively detected.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.123-131
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• 2005

Recently, construction activities in reclaimed onshore areas increase in our country In this case, the stability evaluation of the piles for negative skin friction is an important factor for the design of pile foundation in soft grounds. Nevertheless, the design of piles for negative skin friction (or downdrag forces) is probably poorly understood by many geotechnical engineers. It is mainly because only the bearing capacity aspect is taken into account for the downdrag evaluation of piles in most of design specifications. However, the problems fur negative skin friction of piles are mostly related with settlement rather than bearing capacity Meanwhile, LRFD (Load Resistance Factor Design) approach considers both ultimate limit state in terms of bearing capacity and serviceability limit state in terms of settlements. This paper proposes LRFD approach for the downdrag evaluation of piles and compares this approach to traditional design approach. And also a case history is analyzed. Through the analysis some suggestions to solve the problems for the design of piles for negative skin friction are suggested.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.215-216
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• 2003

SPEX SkinSkan is a newly developed spectrofluorometer that can calculate transmission of UVA on the surface of human skin as a non-invasive method. We have investigated UVA protection factors of Japanese over-the-counter sunscreens using SPEX SkinSkan. This non-invasive method is useful to know UVA protection of sunscreens in vivo.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.165-170
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• 2005

It is important factor; understand definition and concept, grasp application method and property about transparency for expression of skin in design of retail space. This research do target; clarify the feature of transparency for expression of skin in modern retail space, and it is based in these viewpoint that analyze the feature through an experiment of image estimation(SD method) into object to modern retail space that express transparency of skin.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.226-235
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• 2019

Background: Panax ginseng is regarded as one of the best compounds for promoting health, and it has been used traditionally as a medicinal herb. Recently, Korean Red Ginseng (RG) has been shown to protect skin from aging and wrinkling; it can also relieve atopic dermatitis and allergy symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate RG's effects on the regeneration of the full-thickness skin wounds in rat. Methods: Full-thickness skin wounds were generated in rats, and then RG was administered either orally or topically. The wound-healing effects of RG were investigated by assessing wound size, mRNA expression patterns of genes related to wound healing, histological staining, and measurements of lipid, moisture, and elasticity in skin tissues. Results: The wound size was smaller, and tissue regeneration rate was faster in the RG-treated group than that in the control group on days 15 and 20 after initiating treatment. On postoperative day 20, skin lipid and moisture content had increased significantly in the RG-treated group. Significant increases in the gene expression levels of transforming growth $factor-{\beta}1$ and vascular endothelial growth factor were found in the RG group during the early stages of wound healing. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 showed significant increases in gene expression levels on day 20. Conclusion: The results suggested that RG may promote healing of full-thickness skin wounds in rats. They also provided basic insights into the effects of RG on skin regeneration, supporting its use as a dressing material for wound treatment and its development as a functional food.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2007

Humans are exposed by a range of pollutants in soil via exposure routes such as ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. Risk assessment is a process of evaluating the adverse health effects of chemicals as a result of exposure to stressors, and it is a very useful tool to establish the cleanup goals in contaminated lands. In the exposure assessment that is one of main process in risk assessment, exposure factor plays a significant role to quantify the intake of soil pollutants. However there is a very limited study about the exposure factor applicable to Korea. In this study, we compared the exposure factors applied by the developed countries including the United States and representative European countries, and suggested the exposure factor that might be suitable in our situation. The exposure factors considered in this study include average lifetime, body weight, (exposed) skin surface area, life time, skin absorption, soil-skin adherence factor, and soil ingestion rate. This information is needed to quantitatively estimate the intake of soil pollutants in contaminated lands.

• BMB Reports
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• v.50 no.11
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• pp.584-589
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• 2017

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which is induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, contributes to the entry of immune cells into the site of inflammation in the skin. Here, we show that protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 21 (PTPN21) negatively regulates ICAM-1 expression in human keratinocytes. PTPN21 expression was transiently induced after stimulation with TNF-${\alpha}$. When overexpressed, PTPN21 inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 in HaCaT cells but PTPN21 C1108S, a phosphatase activity-inactive mutant, failed to inhibit ICAM-1 expression. Nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$), a key transcription factor of ICAM-1 gene expression, was inhibited by PTPN21, but not by PTPN21 C1108S. PTPN21 directly dephosphorylated phospho-inhibitor of ${\kappa}B$ ($I{\kappa}B$)-kinase ${\beta}$ ($IKK{\beta}$) at Ser177/181. This dephosphorylation led to the stabilization of $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ activity. Taken together, our results suggest that PTPN21 could be a valuable molecular target for regulation of inflammation in the skin by dephosphorylating p-$IKK{\beta}$ and inhibiting NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.175-180
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• 2012

Skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs) are multipotent, sphere-forming and embryonic neural crest-related precursor cells that can be isolated from dermis. It is known that the properties of porcine SKPs can be enhanced by leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) which is an essential factor for the generation of embryonic stem cells in mice. In our present study, to enhance or maintain the properties of murine SKPs, LIF was added to the culture medium. SKPs were treated with 1,000 IU LIF for 72 hours after passage 3. Quantitative real time RT-PCR was then performed to quantify the expression of the pluripotent stem cell specific genes Oct4, Nanog, Klf4 and c-Myc, and the neural crest specific genes Snai2 and Ngfr. The results show that the expression of Oct4 is increased in murine SKPs by LIF treatment whereas the level of Ngfr is decreased under these conditions. Interestingly, LIF treatment reduced Nanog expression which is also important for cell proliferation in adult stem cells and for osteogenic induction in mesenchymal stem cells. These findings implicate LIF in the maintenance of stemness in SKPs through the suppression of lineage differentiation and in part through the control of cell proliferation.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.243-248
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• 2005

The present study was conducted to determine whether skin spread of Myrrha and Tending Diancibo Pu (TDP) irradiation have a remarkable effect on the cell regeneration as well as wound healing following dermal scald burn injury. Burn injury was induced on dorsal surface $(TBSA\;15\~20\%)$ by scald burn in rats. Postburn concentration of serum protein was significantly decreased compared with sham-treated, double treatment with Myrrha and TDP was significantly increased the protein concentration compared with that of burn control. The content of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) at 48 h is higher than that of at 24 h, and double treatment with Myrrha and TDP was the most effective to increase the production of KGF in all experimental groups. Morphologically, epithelial regeneration and dermal collagen synthesis by fibroblasts were accelerated in Myrrha and TDP treated group compared with bum control at same time postburn. At 48 h after burn, all dermal connective tissues are recovered to new collagen fibers in case of Myrrha and TDP double treated group. The data suggest that double treatment with skin spread of Myrrha and TDP radiation have a remarkable effect of to accelerate cell regeneration and wound healing in case of scald burn skin.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.5 s.153
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• pp.684-698
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• 2006

This study consists of the stimuli of a female model in her twenties with twenty-two different facial make-up. The subjects of this study are one thousand low hundred ninety seven purposive sampled-male and female grown-ups throughout the country. The period of the research was the December of 2004, one month, and the materials were analyzed by factor analysis, T-examination, analysis of variance, Cronbach's a, Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Here follows the result of the research. Firstly, Familiarity, Intelligence, Fitness, Charm, Tradition and Youth were came out as the result of factor analysis of make-up color image perception. Secondly, in age/lip color perception of bright skin tone, there was difference of Intelligence and Charm. In age/image make-up perception of bright skin tone, there was difference of Familiarity, Charm especially on Cool image make-up. Thirdly in habitant/lip color perception of dark skin tone, there was difference of Intelligence and Charm. In habitant/image make-up perception of bright skin tone, there was difference of Familiarity, Charm and of bright skin tone, Intelligence, Charm, Tradition and Youth. Fourthly, there were the interaction effects on the gender of perceivers and lip color and image make-up of perceivers habitant. Lastly, in preference rate, lip color was more affected by age and image make-up were more affected by perceivers habitant.