• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.14-17
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• 2013

Purpose: The open abdomen is now the standard of care in various clinical situations, especially it is used to treat abdominal compartment syndrome. Many techniques have been reported for closure after an open abdomen, but most take a long time for complete definitive closure and are associated with various problems. We describe a technique using biologic mesh that can achieve early definitive closure after an open abdomen. Methods: A 45-year-old man presented to the emergency room with a painful hip and painful lower extremities after a fall from 80 feet. Radiologic examination revealed multiple fractures of the pelvis and low extremities. Abdominal compartment syndrome caused by a retroperitoneal hematoma developed during the orthopedic surgery. We performed exploration immediately and closed abdomen temporarily. A peritoneal graft of porcine dermal collagen with anterior myofascial approximation of the rectus abdominis muscles and sliding skin flap was performed three days after the previous surgery. Results: There were no complications related to the wound. The patient was transferred to the Department of Orthopedic Surgery seven days after the initial surgery. Conclusion: Early definitive closure using porcine dermal collagen is a feasible method that can reduce the length of hospitalization and the number of operations for an open abdomen.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.270-279
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• 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to propose revision of the occupational exposure limit(OEL) for 1-Bromopropane(1-BP) following a review of the appropriateness of the standard in light of increasing epidemiological data and handling risk. Materials and Methods: The results of toxicity and epidemiologic investigations for 1-BP and agencies' OELs were compared and reviewed through a literature review. In order to investigate the status of 1-BP handling in South Korea, data from work environment actual condition survey results and work environment measurement results were used. Results: The toxicity of 1-BP, such as central nervous system(CNS) damage, peripheral neuropathy, hematological adverse effects, and developmental and reproductive toxicity(male and female) has been reported. ACGIH recommends 0.1 ppm as a TLV-TWA value, but the OEL of South Korea stands at 25 ppm, which is 250 times higher than the TLV-TWA. Although 1-BP is a specially managed substance under the Industrial Safety and Health Law, the currently applied OEL cannot be said to be a safe level based on the results of epidemiological studies to date. In a work environment measurement in 2017, the total number of samples was 626, which were derived from 78 industries, and the average concentration was 1.173 ppm(standard deviation 2.88). Conclusions: To protect the health of workers handling 1-BP, estimated to be 780 in South Korea, it is necessary to strengthen the OEL(TWA) to a level of 0.3 ppm(lower than the 0.34 ppm with known toxic effects), which is believed to be safe as a result of epidemiological investigation. "Skin" notation should be recommended.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.387-390
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• 2000

포도나무의 수체관리와 수량이 과실품질과 내한성에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여, 화성지역과 수원지역에서 '캠벨얼리' 품종을 이용하여 시험을 수행하였다. 동해 상습지역인 화성지역은 수원지역에 비해 동계 최저기온 극값이 낮았고, 재식거리가 좁아 과다결실을 하고 있었으며, 수확시기도 7일 가량 늦은 경향이었다. 또한 포도나무의 결과모지내 탄수화물 함량도 1.2~1.7% 정도 낮았으며, $-15^{\circ}C$의 저온처리에 의해 발아율도 현저히 낮았다. 수원지역에서 포도 착과량별 과실품질과 결과모지의 발아정도를 보면, 착과량이 많아질수록 과방 및 과립의 크기는 차이가 없었으나, 당도가 떨어지고, 착색이 나빠지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 착과량이 많아지면 결과모지의 탄수화물 함량이 적어지는 경향인데, 특히, $-15^{\circ}C$ 이하의 저온 처리에 의해 발아율이 현저히 낮아졌다. 과실품질을 고려한 적정 수량은 2.3~2.6MT/10a이 적합하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권11호
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• pp.4662-4679
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• 2015

Currently, the leakage of internal information has emerged as one of the most significant security concerns in enterprise computing environments. Especially, damage due to internal information leakage by insiders is more serious than that by outsiders because insiders have considerable knowledge of the system's identification and password (ID&P/W), the security system, and the main location of sensitive data. Therefore, many security companies are developing internal data leakage prevention techniques such as data leakage protection (DLP), digital right management (DRM), and system access control, etc. However, these techniques cannot effectively block the leakage of internal information by insiders who have a legitimate access authorization. The security system does not easily detect cases which a legitimate insider changes, deletes, and leaks data stored on the server. Therefore, we focused on the insider as the detection target to address this security weakness. In other words, we switched the detection target from objects (internal information) to subjects (insiders). We concentrated on biometrics signals change when an insider conducts abnormal behavior. When insiders attempt to leak internal information, they appear to display abnormal emotional conditions due to tension, agitation, and anxiety, etc. These conditions can be detected by the changes of biometrics signals such as pulse, temperature, and skin conductivity, etc. We carried out experiments in two ways in order to verify the effectiveness of the emotional recognition technology based on biometrics signals. We analyzed the possibility of internal information leakage detection using an emotional recognition technology based on biometrics signals through experiments.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2008

Purpose: The hand is frequently affected area in high voltage electrical burn injury as an input or output sites. Electrical burn affecting the hand may produce full thickness necrosis of the skin and damage deep structures beneath the eschar, affecting the tendon, nerve, vessel, even bone which result in serious dysfunction of the hand. As promising methods for the reconstruction of the hand defects in electrical burn patients, we have used the peroneal perforator free flaps. Methods: From March 2005 to June 2006, we applied peroneal perforator free flap to five patients with high tension electrical burn in the hand. Vascular pedicle ranged from 4cm to 5cm and flap size was from $4{\times}2.5cm$ to $7{\times}4cm$. Donor site was closed primarily.Results: All flaps survived completely. There was no need to sacrifice any main artery in the lower leg, and there was minimal morbidity at donor site. During the follow-ups, we got satisfactory results both in hand function and in aesthetic aspects.Conclusion: The peroneal perforator flap is a very thin, pliable flap with minimal donor site morbidity and is suitable for the reconstruction of small and medium sized wound defect, especially hand with electrical burn injury.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2012

The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family is involved in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix during normal physiological processes such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes such as pathological aging, arthritis, and metastasis. Oxidative conditions generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) (e.g., hydrogen peroxide [$H_2O_2$]) in cells, which subsequently induce the synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). MMP-1, an interstitial collagenase, in turn stimulates an aging phenomenon. In this study, baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyfl avone) was investigated for its in vitro activity against $H_2O_2$-induced damage using a human skin keratinocyte model. Baicalein pretreatment signifi cantly inhibited $H_2O_2$-induced up-regulation of MMP-1 mRNA, MMP-1 protein expression and MMP-1 activity in cultured HaCaT keratinocytes. In addition, baicalein decreased the transcriptional activity of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and the expression of c-Fos and c-Jun, both components of the heterodimeric AP-1 transcription factor. Furthermore, baicalein reduced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), which are upstream of the AP-1 transcription factor. The results of this study suggest that baicalein is involved in the inhibition of oxidative stress-induced expression of MMP-1 via inactivation of the ERK/JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2016

소방공무원의 화상방지를 위해 소방보호복의 개발이 이루어지고 있으나, 보호 성능을 높이기 위해서 소재의 두께가 증가하고, 그럼으로 경량화 달성이 어려워지는 단점이 존재한다. 이를 극복하기 위한 여러 가지 방법 중 Phase Change Material(PCM, 상변화 물질)을 적용한 섬유를 소방보호복 안감에 적용하는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 기존 연구의 경우, 고온노출시 PCM 적용 섬유의 온도 특성에 대한 연구가 일부 있었으나, 화상 발생과의 직접적인 연관성을 살펴볼 수가 없다는 큰 단점이 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 짧은 시간 고열유속 상태의 돌발화염조건에 대해 현재 사용되고 있는 소방보호복 안감에 대한 PCM 적용 여부에 따라 2도 화상 발생 억제 효과를 수치계산을 통해 살펴보았다. 피부의 화상 해석을 위해 생체 열전달 방정식(Bio-heat transfer)을 이용하여 지배방정식을 유도하였으며, 유한차분법(Finite Difference Method)을 활용하여 화상에 대한 예측을 수행하는 수치해석 접근법을 사용하였다. 시간에 따른 온도 및 손상함수 결과 분석을 통해 PCM 소재의 열흡수가 열전달을 지연시키는 효과가 큼을 확인할 수 있었고, 그에 의해 화상발생을 방지하는 매우 유효한 방법임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.157-168
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• 1996

이 실험에서는 조피볼락을 대상으로 중성 formalin과 formalin으로 약욕하여 잔존량과 잔존기간 및 병리 조직학적 변화를 관찰하고 온도가 미치는 영향에 대해서 알아보았다. formalin 과 중성 formalin의 잔존량은 $15^{\circ}C$일 때 약욕 직후 약간의 차이를 제외하고는 별다른 차이를 보이지 않았다. 잔존기간은 수온 $15^{\circ}C$와 $25^{\circ}C$은 조건에서 각각 72 hr과 24 hr으로 온도의 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 어체에 미치는 독성은 중성 formalin보다 formalin이 강하게 나타나고 수온과 농도가 증가 할수록 조직에 미치는 영향이 심해졌다. formalin 약욕으로 인하여 아가미 조직에서는 부종과 상피세포의 박리, 뒤틀림, 괴사증상이 그리고 간에서는 부종과 핵농축, 공포화 현상이 나타나고 신장에서는 수증성 퇴행적 병변과 세뇨관 상피세포의 과립화 중상, 괴사가 일어나고 피부에서는 점액 세포의 증가와 표피의 괴사 및 피하조직과 진피층의 균열이 나타났다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2020

Upper limb nerve damage is a common condition, and evidence suggests that functional recovery may be limited following peripheral nerve repair in cases of delayed reconstruction or reconstruction of long nerve defects. A 26-year-old man presented with traumatic injury from a wide, blunt wound of the right forearm caused by broken glass, with soft tissue loss, complete transection of the radial and ulnar arteries, and a large median nerve gap. The patient underwent debridement and subsequent surgery with a microsurgical free radial fasciocutaneous flap to provide a direct blood supply to the hand; the cephalic vein within the flap was employed as a venous vascularized chamber to wrap the sural nerve graft and to repair the wide gap (14 cm) in the median nerve. During the postoperative period, the patient followed an intensive rehabilitation program and was monitored for functional performance over 5 years of follow-up. Our assessment demonstrated skin tropism and sufficient muscle power to act against strong resistance (M5) in the muscles previously affected by paralysis, as well as a good localization of stimuli in the median nerve region and an imperfect recovery of two-point discrimination (S3+). We propose a novel and efficient procedure to repair >10-cm peripheral nerve gap injuries related to upper limb trauma.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.125-138
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• 1991

본 연구에서는 이상화구조요소법(理想化構造要素法)을 적용하여 좌초시(坐礁時) 이중저구조(二重底構造)의 손상(損傷) 및 강도(强度)를 효율적으로 해석할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다. 또한 좌초사고(坐礁事故) 발생시에 이중저구조(二重底構造)의 내저판(內底板)이 손상을 받지 않기 위해 필요한 최소한도의 이중저높이, 즉 유효이중저(有效二重底) 높이의 결정법도 제안하였다. 이중저구조모델에 대한 기존의 실험(實驗) 및 탄소성대변형(彈塑性大變形) 유한요소해석(有限要素解析) 결과와 본해석법에 의한 해석결과를 비교하여 본해석법의 정도(精度)와 효율성(效率性)을 확인하였다. 다음으로, 본 해석법을 이중선각(二重船殼) 구조설계개념(構造設計槪念)을 바탕으로 설계된 4만톤급 정유운반성(精油運搬船)의 좌초문제(坐礁問題)에 적용하여 이중저구조의 수직부재(垂直部材) 간격 및 판두께와 이중저높이 등이 좌초시(坐礁時) 손상(損傷)에너지 흡수능력에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였으며, 또한 이들결과를 바탕으로 각 설계인자의 변화에 따른 최소이중저(最小二重底) 높이를 계산하였다.