• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.225-227
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• 2002

표피유분측정기를 이용하여 정상적인 개 피부에 상용샴푸를 적용한 후 유분을 측정하였다. Sebocalm이 표피유분에 가장 많은 영향을 미쳤으며 Sebolytics와 Benzoyl peroxide는 중등도의 영향을 주었다. 물비누의 영향이 가장 낮았다. 따라서 Sebumeter는 표비유분측정에 간단하고 편리한 측정기로 샴푸이외의 피부적용 약물의 표피유분에 미치는 영향을 조사하는데 유용할 것으로 판단된다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2016

In this study, we attempt to produce a semi-elliptical riblet with a shark skin-like surface using wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) and micro molding techniques. Our design for the production of the semi-elliptical mold includes an electrode, a winding roller, and a guide on the WEDM system. A replication mold with negative riblets is machined using WEDM, and a shark skin inspired surface with positive riblets is fabricated using a micro molding technique. For a comparison with the original shark skin, a shark skin replica is also produced using the micro molding technique directly from a shark skin template. Droplet contact angles on a flat surface, the shark skin replica, and the epoxy resin-based micro riblet shark skin-like surface are evaluated. The effect of a Teflon coating on the contact angles for the three different surfaces is also investigated. The results show the micro riblet with a shark skin-like surface has a similar contact angle as the shark skin replica, which means that the simplified riblet shark skin surface strongly influences the performance of wettability. This study confirms the effectiveness of using the WEDM method to prepare hydrophobic surfaces with diverse surface patterns.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.314-323
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was performed to identify skin hydration status and skin surface pH according to the body parts of the aged with immobilization. Methods: The subjects were 101 aged patients in a hospital and a institution for the elderly in Seoul. Data for skin hydration and skin surface pH were collected using corneo-meter and skin pH-meter. The body parts of measurement were 10 parts; face, forearm, back of the hand, flank, upper abdomen, leg, back of the foot, heel, scapular, and sacrum. The data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Results: Skin hydration status were relatively low especially on lower extremity and back of body, and skin surface pH of scapular and sacrum were high. There was significant negative correlation between skin hydration status and skin surface pH on the 6 body parts. Conclusion: Skin hydration status and skin surface pH, especially on scapular, sacrum, and lower extremity need to be considered as important control factors for increasing skin health status of the aged with immobilization.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2014

Since 1990s the concern on essence and inside has transferred onto the surface and its style. The longing for plastic surgery and skin beauty might prove this fervent tendency. Furthermore the development of digital media and technology as well as high-tech material enabled this hope to be real in the realm of design. All these progresses and transitions toward the surface introduced more creative and novel phenomena of furniture design arena around its surface. The rising of surface has evolved through architecture, interior design and furniture. The surface of furniture can be easily transposed into the human skin. And it acquires the aspects of skin's metaphoric and symbolic meaning. The characteristics of skin effect in furniture design can be summarized as material aspects, relational aspects, and formal aspects. Material aspects shows skin's elasticity and smooth plane. Relational aspects express the reactive functions of skin. Formal aspects represent organic power through surface.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.267-270
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• 2010

The skin is the largest organ of the integument system whose surface is closely related with many physiological and pathological conditions. Various methods are used to understand the structural and functional status of human skin. We would like to present usefulness of scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation of skin replica and its significance of training module for a novice. The silicon replicas from several regions of the body (hand, finger, forearm, lip, and face) were casted by applying Exafine$^{(R)}$ mixture. The positive replicas were prepared by applying EPON 812 mixture on negative silicon replicas. Some of the negative silicon replicas were cut with a razor blade and surface profiles were observed. The negative and positive replicas were coated with platinum and were observed under the scanning electron microscope. We could investigate the detailed structures of the human skin surface without any physical damage to the subject. The positive replicas depicted real surface structure of the human skin vividly. The cross sectional view of the negative silicon replicas provided surface profile clearly. The scanning electron microscopic observation of the human skin replicas would be useful to study skin surface structures and to evaluate medical and esthetical applications.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.128-134
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• 2014

For the characteristic assessment of biomimetic shark skin structure pattern for engineering applications, we conducted the elastic hydrodynamic lubrication analysis for the shark skin surface pattern. The shark skin surfaces with roughness are generated numerically in the similar size with real shark skin scales. For the spherical contact on the generated shark skin surface with two different flow directions which are transversal and longitudinal, 3-dimensional elasto-hydrodynamic lubraction analysis are carried out. The result of the longitudinal flow which are similar with the flow of shark skin shows more beneficial effects with lower pressure and less sensitive effect with surface roughness.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.339-345
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• 1996

목적 : 6 MV x-선의 선형가속기를 이용하여 두경부종양환자를 치료시에 피부표면의 종양에 균일한 선량을 부여하기 위하여 조직등가물질로 산란판을 제작하여 산란판의 두께와 위치에 따라 조직의 표면선량과 최대선량지 점을 측정하였다. 방법 : 조직등가물질인 폴리스틸렌으로 산란판을 제작하여 가속기의 콜리메터와 피부사이에 부착하여 조사면, 산란판의 두께 및 피부와의 간격에 따라 피부표면 선량과 최대선량지점을 측정하여 측정결과는 최대선량 대 표면선량비(BUR-1)로 표시하였으며 불균등 표면보상에 사용하는 조직등가 볼러스에 의한 선량분포변화를 측정하여 산란판과 비교하였다. 결과 : 6 MV x-선 선형가속기와 피부사이에 산란판을 설치하여 피부선량이 증가되었으며 산란판의 위치에 따라 피부선량이 변화되었고 최대선량지점은 피부표면쪽으로 이동하였다. 최대 선량지점은 피부하 1.5 cm 깊이에서 최대선량이 투여되고 피부쪽으로 선량이 급속히 감소되어 1cm 두께의 산란판을 사용한 경우 피부간의 거리가 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 cm로 증가하였을때 최대선량지점은 피부표면으로 부터 5, 10.2, 12.3, 13.9, 14.8 mm로 증가되었다. 결론 : 6 MV x-선을 이용하여 두경부종양을 치료할 경우 산란판을 이용하여 이차산란전자를 피부표면 앞에서 발생시킴으로써 피부의 선량이 증가되어 최대선량지점은 피부표면으로 이동 시킴으로써 종양부위에 균일한 선량을 부여시킬 수 있었다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.304-309
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• 2013

Shark skin has functionalities such as self-cleaning and antifouling; it also exhibits excellent drag reduction owing to a hierarchical structure of microgrooves and nanometer-long chain mucus drag reduction interfaces around the shark body. In this study, the wettability of a shark skin surface and its replicas are evaluated. First, a shark skin template is taken from a real shark. Then, shark skin replicas are produced directly from a shark skin template, using a micromolding technique. The quantitative replication precision of the shark skin replicas is evaluated by comparing the geometry of the shark skin template to the replica using 2D surface profiles. Contact angles at the solid-air-water interfaces are evaluated for the shark skin template and its replicas under two conditions: with and without hydrophobic coating. The results show that the microriblets on shark skin improve the hydrophobic feature and play a critical role in self-cleaning.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.164-170
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• 2004

The skin movement artifacts are referred to as the relative motion of skin with respect to the motion of underlying bones. This is of great importance in joint biomechanics or internal kinematics of human body. This paper describes a novel experiment that measures the skin movement of a hand based on MR(magnetic resonance) images in conjunction with surface modeling techniques. The proposed approach consists of 3 phases: (1) MR scanning of a hand with surface makers, (2) 3D reconstruction from the MR images, and (3) registration of the 3D models. The MR images of the hand are captured by 3 different postures. And the surface makers which are attached to the skin are employed to trace the skin motion. After reconstruction of 3D models from the scanned MR images, the global registration is applied to the 3D models based on the particular bone shape of different postures. The results of registration are then used to trace the skin movement by measuring the positions of the surface markers.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.47-63
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• 1990

Image analyser was used to understand the condition of skin surface and to evaluate the efficacy of cosmetic treatment. It was unsatisfactory to analyse skin surface structure although several methods using image analyser had been presented. We developed the new system composed of image analyser and Tandem Scanning Reflected Light Microscope (TSRLM) having the remarkable optical sectioning property as image input device. By using this new system, we quantitatively measured the change of skin surface, the depth and width of furrow in micron unit, resulted by cosmetic treatments. And also three dimensional image of skin was reconstructed with serial sectioned images, which were captured through TSRLM, for better understanding of the effect of cosmetic treatment. It was found that skin relief was more easily understood and the change of skin surface caused by cosmetic treatment was more accurately measured by using this system. In addition, we was also aware of the possibility of in vivo direct measurement of skin furrow without replica. It was conceivable that our system could be applicable for study of cosmetic effects further.