• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.105-110
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• 2021

We experienced mortality of dark-banded rockfish (Sebastes inermis) maintained in the rearing facility located in Gangneung, after transportation. Moribund fish showed various symptoms such as exophthalmia, skin ulcers, tail rots, gill rots, discoloration of liver with petechiae, yellowish fluid in intestines and ascites. Two different colonies were dominantly appeared after spreading the lesions on the agar plates and incubation. One isolate (SI_1) showed swarming movement on TSA, and formed yellow colonies on TCBS agar. The other (SI_2) showed no swarming motility and green colonies on TCBS agar. Both of them were Gram-negative. All of these results are similar with those of Genus Vibrio. They were identified as V. harveyi and V. gigantis by PCR with subsequent sequencing of 3 different genes (16 rDNA, recA, rpoA). V. harveyi is well-known as a serious pathogen of marine fish and invertebrates, while V. gigantis is known to be often isolated from marine invertebrates, but the pathogenicity is still unknown. We suspect V. harveyi as the cause of the mortality of dark-banded rockfish, but challenge experiments with these 2 Vibrio species are thought to be necessary to make a clear conclusion.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.219-227
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the side effects (ADR) of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) injections by age, injection type, symptoms, and causes, and to find preventive solutions for ADR. For the ADR of TCM injection data collected during the search period from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020, the correlation between each section was analyzed by subdividing it into age, injection type, symptoms and causes. CNKI, PubMed, and EMBASE were used to collect the clinical data. 'Chinese herbal injection', 'Traditional Chinese Medicine injection', 'Chinese herbal injection side effect', 'Chinese herbal injection adverse drug reaction' were used for the keyword from the database. All data were collected mainly for TCM injection and the causes of ADR due to TCM injection. However, data not related to the relevant study or TCM injection were excluded from this study. Among a total of 941 studies collected during the search period from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020, a total of 10 studies were selected for final analysis. In 1462 clinical data sets, ADR by gender was higher in males than females. By age, 41 to 60 years were the most common. The incidence of ADR by injection type was highest in the blood regulating injection type. Data analysis showed Xueshuantong injection had the highest ADR. Among the symptoms of ADR, skin diseases were the most common. The most common cause of ADR was the unreasonable use of drugs. In China, for ADR management, the use of TCM injections is recommended according to the basic principles for the clinical use of TCM injections established by the Chinese government. In this study, we analyzed the current status and causes of ADR in TCM injections, and found a preventive solution. It is expected that it can be used as basic data to increase the usability of pharmacopuncture and herbal medicines in Korea in the future.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.143-146
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• 2022

This study aims to report a case of facial dermatitis herpetiformis with allergy diseases improved by administration of Mahaengeuigam-tang (Maxingyigan-tang). Multiple blisters appeared on the patient's face, Erythema, papules, and scales were also observed on the neck, back, and knee areas of the patient. The patient has had cough, sputum, and dyspnea symptoms since she was 5-6 months old. After diagnosing the patient's condition as dermatitis herpetiformis, atopic dermatitis, and bronchial asthma through history taking and symptom observation, Mahaengeuigam-tang (Maxingyigan-tang) was prescribed for about 30 days. As a result of evaluation through our own criteria, dermatitis herpetiformis symptoms improved from 18 to 2 points. Atopic dermatitis and asthma symptoms also decreased from 12 to 0 and 20 to 3 points, respectively. Since this study has proven the efficacy of Mahaengeuigam-tang (Maxingyigan-tang) for dermatitis herpetiformis patient, this prescription may be fully utilized as the treatment for other inflammatory skin diseases.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.51-58
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• 2014

Objectives : In order to investigate the efficacy of BJBB on atopic dermatitis, various anti-inflammatory factors were studied. Methods : In-vitro, inflammatory mediators, such as MTT and nitric oxide were detected after the addition of LPS with or without BJBB in Raw 264.7 cells. In-vivo, in order to verify the effectiveness of BJBB in atopic dermatitis animal model, its role in inflammation factors and histological changes were observed in NC/Nga mice. Results : BJBB showed cell viability of 100% or higher in all concentration in Raw 264.7 cells. BJBB inhibited LPS-induced productions of inflammatory mediators nitric oxide in RAW 264.7cells. BJBB treated group showed significant decrease in the expression of IL-1b, IL-6 and TNF-a by 40%, 80% and 44% respectively. Also the group showed decrease in the transcription of IL-1b, IL-6 and TNF-a mRNA in spleen by 41%, 93% and 39% respectively. BJBB treated group showed significant decrease in WBC, neutrophil, lympocyte and monocytes immune cell ratio in blood by 54%, 63%, 57% and 86% respectively. BJBB treated group showed decrease in the expression of IgG by 39% respectively. Also, infiltration of adipocytes into skin was suppressed and the thickness of epidermis and dermis were relatively decreased in the BJBB treated group. Conclusion : BJBB has an anti-inflammatory effects in NC/Nga mouse. Thus, these results suggested a beneficial effect of BJBB in treatment with Atopic dermatitis and inflammatory.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 2024

Aeromonas spp. infections have been reported to cause significant economic losses not only in the ornamental fish industry but also in aquaculture. In December 2022-January 2023, an Aeromonas infection occurred on a goldfish in korea, A gram-negative bacterium was isolated from the skin and internal organs of infected goldfish (Carassius auratus). The results showed that the isolate was identified as Aeromonas veronii using 16S rDNA targeted oilgpnucleotide primers, furthermore characteristics of A. veronii was confirmed by enterotoxin gene, infectious experiment, antibiotic resistance. In-vivo pathogenicity of isolates to goldfsh resulted in 100% mortality in challenged host within one week of post experiment injection. As a result of PCR analysis targeting three enterotoxin-encoding genes, cytotoxic enterotoxin (act) was identified in A. veronii isolate in this study. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolate showed it was to susceptible to most antimicrobial agents tested but resistant to ampicillin, imipenem, meropenem and clindamycin.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 2003

Obtaining a sufficient amount of healthy keratinocytes from a small tissue is difficult. However, ORS cells can be a good source of epithelium since they are easily obtainable and patients do not have to suffer from scar formation at donor sites. Accordingly, the current study modified the conventional primary culture technique to overcome the low propagation and easy aging of epithelial cells during culturing. In a conventional primary culture, the average yield of human ORS tells is 2.↑ $\times$ 10$^3$cells/follicle based on direct incubation in a trypsin (0.1%)/EDTA(0.02%) solution for 15 min at 37$^{\circ}C$, however, our modified method was able to obtain about 6.9 $\times$ 10$^3$cel1s/follicle using a two-step enzyme digestion method involving dispase (1.2 U/mL) and a trypsin (0.1%)/EDTA (0.02%) solution. Thus, the yield of primary cultured ORS cells could be increasd three times higher. Furthermore, a total of 2.0 $\times$ 10$^{7}$ cells was obtained in a serum-free medium. while a modified E-medium with mitomycin C-treated feeder tells produced a total of 6.3 $\times$ 10$^{7}$ Cel1s over 17 days When Starting With 7.5 $\times$ 10$^4$cells. Finally, We Confirmed the effectiveness of our ORS tell isolation method by presenting their ability for reconstructing the bioartificial skin epithelium in vitro

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2001

Skin mucous cells in the three regions of the body in Pseudobagrus fulvidaraco and Leiocassius nitidus were investigated using three histochemical methods (PAS, AB-PAS and HID). In the two species, components of mucous cell were not distinguished in each region, but presented a differences in position and type, size, and count in all regions. Mucous cells of P. fulvidraco were located in two layers, a superficial epithelial cell and the space within alarm substance cells (ASCs). Mucous cells of L. nitidus were situated only in the superficial epithelial cell layer. The size of mucous cells in the ASC layer were larger than those of the superficial epithelial cells for all measured values: diameter, length, width, and area. In the superficial epithelial cell layer, the average number of mucous cells within the three regions did not differ significantly between species by unpaired T-test, but the average number of those within two cell layers of P. fulvidraco had a similarity at each region by paired T-test. The dismilarity in dorsal and ventral regions in average number of ASCs between P. fulvidraco and L. niditus was confirmed by unpaired T-test.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the high voltage pulsed Current (HVPC) stimulation on the healing rate and the proliferative activity of keratinocytes and IGF-I mRNA expression of an incisional wound in rat skin. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats ($265{\sim}290g$) were randomly divided into HVPC (n=10) and control group (n=10). Rats received 10 mm length of full-thickness incision wound on the back under the anesthesia. The HVPC group received electrical stimulation with a Current intensity of 50 V at 100 pps for a duration of 30 minutes, while the control group was given the same treatment without electricity for a week. Polarity was negative in first three days and positive thereafter. The wound length was measured and evaluated as percentage. The mean number of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) per nucleus and level of IGF-I mRNA expression were calculated. The mean percent of wound closure were $51.17{\pm}17.76%$ and $80.71{\pm}11.91%$, respectively, in the sham treated control and HVPC stimulated groups (t=-4.308, P<0.001). The mean NOR number per nucleus of the keratinocytes in the control and HVPC group were $1.85{\pm}0.20$ and $2.70{\pm}0.23$, respectively (t=8.638, P<0.001). The IGF-I mRNA level were $0.76{\pm}0.44$ and $1.32{\pm}0.41$, respectively, in the control and HVPC stimulated wounds (t=2.906, P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between the mean NOR number per nucleus and IGF-l mRNA level with a Pearson product moment correlation coefficient of 0.72 (P<0.05). These findings suggest that the HVPC may activate the rRNA of the basal keratinocytes and upregulate the IGF-I mRNA levels by alteration of the electrical environment, and it may increase proliferative activity of the keratinocytes in the skin wound of the rat.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.119-123
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• 2009

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) arising from epithelial cells of the renal tubules is a highly aggressive and malignant tumor in all ages; however, it rarely occurs in children. the standard treatment for RCC is radical nephrectomy with lymph node dissection when the tumor is localized and can be completely resected. Adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy are used for pediatric patients with advanced RCC involving lymph nodes or metastatic lesions. Sorafenib is an oral, multikinase inhibitor that has recently been approved for use in metastatic RCC. Common toxicities that have been reported include dermatologic changes such as rash or desquamation and hand-foot skin reaction, diarrhea, fatigue, alopecia, and hypertension. In particular, hand-foot syndrome (HFS) an erythematous skin lesion of the palms and solesis most often caused by cytostatic chemotherapeutic agents. In this report, we have studied a 14-year-old female patient with hand-foot syndrome that occurred in association with sorafenib for the treatment of metastatic RCC. Furthermore, this case demonstrates that reversal of complications can be achieved by discontinuing the drug and intervention with topical steroids, vitamin E, and high-dose pyridoxine.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.372-379
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect on antibacterial activities and wound healing effect of silver containing dressings with which of Betadine against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: One full thickness skin defects in rats(n=72) were developed on the back and were given rise to infection with S. aureus(n=36) and P. aeruginosa(n=36). The 72 mice were divided into 6 groups : Acticoat$^{(R)}$, Aquacel$^{(R)}$-Ag, Medifoam silver$^{(R)}$, Polymen silver$^{(R)}$, Ilvadon$^{(R)}$ and Betadine(control group) dressing groups. Five silver containing dressings and Betadine were assesed on infected wound. Measurement of wound size change, bacterial colonies count and histologic findings was applied. Antibacterial activity was analyzed with bacterial restricted zone in Mueller Hinton agar. Results: On S. aureus, wound size was more decreased in all treated groups as compared with betadine, however Ilvadon$^{(R)}$ was less decreased on P. aeruginosa. In histologic findings, experimental group showed more effective findings than others on S. aureus, however on P. aeruginosa, which was showed similar. Acticoat$^{(R)}$ was best effective in wound healing against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The bacterial colonies count was increased in all treated groups except Acticoat$^{(R)}$ as compared with the control group on S. aureus, which was decreased in Acticoat$^{(R)}$ and Ilvadon$^{(R)}$ group on P. aeruginosa. There were not statistical differences. The restricted zone was shown in Mueller - Hinton agar of all groups except Medifoam silver$^{(R)}$ group on S. aureus, which was shown of all groups on P. aeruginosa. There were statistical differences. Conclusion: This study suggests that silver containing dressings may have not better potential than Betadine in assisting management of wounds at risk of infection on S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. However, which have better antibacterial activity on S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.