• 간호행정학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.10-21
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to identify determinants of registered nurse (RN) skill mix and staffing level focused on hospital characteristics. Methods: Data were obtained from health insurance claims data and hospital reporting system in the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) for the year 2010. Data from 2,998 hospitals were analysed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis. Results: The RN skill mix and staffing level were positively related to hospital size and the percentage of inpatients to total patients. RN skill mix and staffing level were statistically different across regions. Including nursing aides (NA), however, there was no difference in staffing levels across regions. Medically vulnerable regions, bed operation rate, and the number of patients per doctor were also related to RN skill mix and staffing level. Conclusion: The statically significant determinants of RN skill mix and staffing level included hospital size, region, bed operation rate, percentage of inpatients, doctor-patient ratio. Further study needs to be done to investigate factors including RN supply and wages.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine trends in number of nursing staff and skill mix. Methods: Nursing staff and skill mix were measured using the number of nursing staff including nurse aids and registered nurses per bed. Descriptive and panel data regression analyses were conducted using data on long-term care hospitals which included yearly series data from 2006 to 2010 for 119 hospitals. Results: The number of nursing staff per bed increased significantly but percentage of registered nurses decreased significantly from 2007 to 2010. The regression model explained this variation as much as 34.9% and 43.8%. Conclusion: The results showed that in long-term care hospitals there were more nurse aids employed instead of registered nurses after the implemention of differentiated inpatient nursing fees. Thus clarifying the job descriptions for nurses and nurse aids is needed and appropriate hospital incentive policies should be implemented.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.297-314
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the trend of the number of nursing staffs and skill mix and to assess the effectiveness of hospital nurse expansion policies in Korea. Methods : The trend of the number of nursing staffs and skill mix were analyzed using time series data, which composed of yearly series data from 1975 to 2009. The impact of hospital nurse expansion policies was estimated by autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA) intervention model. Results : The number of general hospital and hospital nurses per 100 beds was decreased in late 1980s and late 1990s due to rapid growth of beds. As a result of the number of nurse aids per 100 beds decreased, skill mix became high in general hospital but nurse ratio among hospital nursing staffs was about 50%. Expansion of new nurse and revised differentiated inpatient fee were only effective in expansion of hospital nursing staffs. But they had no effect in general hospitals. Conclusion : In Korea, a few policies related to expansion of hospital nurses have an effect on increasing the number of hospital nurse. Nevertheless, level of hospital nursing staffs is inferior to that of general hospital.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aims to report on and compare the conditions of practicing nurses and nursing graduates in Korea and other OECD countries to suggest policy to improve nurse staffing in Korea. Methods: Data on nurses and nursing graduates from 34 OECD countries in 2015 (or the nearest year) were analyzed. The proportion of practicing nurses among nurses who were licensed to practice and nursing graduates per population and per the number of practicing nurses were examined. Results: The number of practicing nurses per 1,000 population in Korea was 5.9 and, in Korea, only 31.0% of licensed nurses were practicing, whereas the OECD average was 69.5%. Korea had the highest number of nursing graduates (109.0) per 100,000 population and the highest number of nursing graduates (183.5) per 1,000 practicing nurses in the OECD countries. Skill-mix analysis indicated that 52.2% of the practicing nurses in Korea were professional practicing nurses, which was the second-lowest among the OECD countries. The ratio of nurses' wages to those of physician specialists was 0.43 in the OECD countries. Conclusion: Nurse staffing and skill-mix in Korea were very low in comparison to other OECD countries. Policies for retention of nurses via improved working conditions are required.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.62-69
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• 2011

Purpose: The study assessed whether nurse staffing was associated with 3 nursing sensitive outcomes used in intensive care unit (ICU) nursing care plans. Methods: This study was a retrospective and descriptive study using clinical data extracted from the data warehouse of a large acute care hospital in the Midwest. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the records of 578 ICU patients admitted from March 25 to May 31, 2010. Results: 79 Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) outcomes were used in the nursing care plans. The 3 most commonly used NOC outcomes (Pain Level, Infection Severity, and Tissue Integrity: Skin and Mucous Membranes) were analyzed to determine their relationship to nurse staffing. As a nurse staffing ratio, the skill mix of nursing caregivers ranged from 0.74 to 1 with an average of 0.90. This skill mix of nursing caregivers significantly differed among the changes in Infection Severity scores. However, the mean difference was only 0.02. Conclusion: The results did not support that greater nurse staffing was associated with better outcomes. More research is still needed to determine the usefulness of Pain Level, Infection Severity, and Tissue Integrity: Skin and Mucous Membranes in evaluating the impact of nurse staffing.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.4832-4836
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• 2012

일반적으로 아스팔트 혼합물 배합설계는 많은 시간과 실험이 필요하다. 또한, 정밀한 배합설계 결과는 실험하는 사람의 숙련도와 밀접한 상관관계가 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 Bailey는 아스팔트 혼합물용 골재입도에 대한 연구를 통해 골재입도곡선에서 특정한 크기의 골재의 입도 및 통과중량비가 중요함을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서는 Bailey가 제안한 방법을 이용하여 19mm 밀입도 아스팔트 혼합물 및 미연방도로국의 배수성포장(PA 20mm) 혼합물에 대한 배합설계를 시행하였다. Bailey 방법을 이용한 아스팔트 혼합물용 골재입도 결정방법은 기존에 시행착오를 통합 배합설계방법에 비해 좀더 짧은 시간에 최적배합설계를 수행할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 19mm 밀입도 아스팔트 혼합물의 CA, $FA_c$, $FA_f$는 0.724, 0.440 및 0.455로 기준값을 만족하였다. PA 20mm 아스팔트 혼합물의 계산된 CA, $FA_c$, $FA_f$는 0.646, 0.476 및 0.450으로 기준값을 만족하였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1994년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.227-232
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• 1994

Recently, TBM (Tunnel Boring Machince) method for a tunnel construction in domestic is very promisible due to shorten a constrution period. It is very important to increase the efficiency of the shotcrete for the TBM. The major factors influencing the efficienty of shotcrete are materials, mix disign, constrution conditions and skill of nozzle-man. In this paper, first, optimum synthesize conditions for the shotcrete accelerators was explored and early stiffenting mechanisms also studied. Second, TBM method was applied for a real job site using the optimum conditions obtained from a lab scale experiment.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2019

Given the ability and skills required by modern people, marketing can be divided into knowledge-related skill such as marketing plans, market segmentation, and marketing mix management and supportive skill such as communication, inter-organizational management, creativity, and decision making. Knowledge related skills can be nurtured in existing marketing classes, but it is recognized that special educational programs such as self marketing are needed to develop and train supportive skills regardless of education levels or major education. This paper is aimed to design for marketing educational program for the self marketing. In this study, a DACUM method job analysis to extract contents by specialists such as model setting of task and job, job statement, job analysis, education course development, and so on. In the first place, this report presents job analysis model by procedures for developing selection criteria of examination questions of the self marketing qualification. The first step is preparation for job analysis, the second step: the establishment of job models, the third step : the job specification and task analysis, the fourth step: the review of job model, the fifth step: the establishment of subjects for examination matrix table for making questions.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.811-819
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examine orientalism in Korean modem fashion by Korean fashion designers. Orientalism in fashion has been widely known to people by the efforts of many researchers, but that in Korean fashion wasn't. We thus study the aesthetic meaning of Korean orientalism, and extend it to oriental fashion as well as meaning of modem orientalism shown in Korean fashion. For this study, we categorized the orientalism in Korean fashion as follows: 1) mix orientalism; 2) natural beauty with non technical skill; 3) humorous beauty; 4) color beauty.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.69-78
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• 1982

Traditional CVP (Cost-Volume-Profit) analysis employs linear cost and revenue functions within some specified time period and range of operations. Therefore CVP analysis is assumption of constant labor productivity. The use of linear cost functions implicity assumes, among other things, that firm's labor force is either a homogenous group or a collection homogenous subgroups in a constant mix, and that total production changes in a linear fashion through appropriate increase or decrease of seemingly interchangeable labor unit. But productivity rates in many firms are known to change with additional manufacturing experience in employee skill. Learning curve is intended to subsume the effects of all these resources of productivity. This learning phenomenon is quantifiable in the form of a learning curve, or manufacturing progress function. The purpose d this study is to show how alternative assumptions regarding a firm's labor force may be utilize by integrating conventional CVP analysis with learning curve theory, Explicit consideration of the effect of learning should substantially enrich CVP analysis and improve its use as a tool for planning and control of industry.