• BMB Reports
• /
• 제56권7호
• /
• pp.365-373
• /
• 2023

Loss of skeletal muscle mass is a primary feature of sarcopenia and cancer cachexia. In cancer patients, tumor-derived inflammatory factors promote muscle atrophy via tumor-to-muscle effects, which is closely associated with poor prognosis. During the past decade, skeletal muscle has been considered to function as an autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine organ by releasing numerous myokines. The circulating myokines can modulate pathophysiology in the other organs, as well as in the tumor microenvironment, suggesting myokines function as muscle-to-tumor signaling molecules. Here, we highlight the roles of myokines in tumorigenesis, particularly in terms of crosstalk between skeletal muscle and tumor. Better understanding of tumor-to-muscle and muscle-to-tumor effects will shed light on novel strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.101-105
• /
• 2009

저자들은 육종의 일종으로 분류되는 유방의 악성 엽상종양이 골격근으로 전이된, 현재까지 영상소견으로는 보고된 사례가 없는, 드문 증례의 초음파, 양전자방출 단층촬영, 전산화 단층 촬영, 자기공명영상 소견을 보고하고자 한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권15호
• /
• pp.6681-6684
• /
• 2015

Background: Metastatic cancer with invasion of skin, soft tissue and skeletal muscle is not common. Examples presenting as soft tissue masses could sometimes lead to misdiagnosis with delayed or inappropriate management. The purpose of current study was to investigate clinical characteristics in the involvement of metastatic cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,097 patients complaining of skin or soft tissue masses and/or lesions were retrospectively reviewed from January 2012 to June 2013. Tumors involving skin, soft tissue and skeletal muscle of head and neck, chest wall, abdominal wall, pelvic region, back, upper and lower extremities were included in the study. Results: Fifty-seven (5.2%) patients were recognized as having malignancies on histopathological examination. The most common involvement of malignancy was basal cell carcinoma, followed by cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, sarcoma and melanoma. The most common anatomical location in skin and soft tissue malignancies was head and neck (52.6% of the malignancies). Four (0.36%) of the malignant group were identified as metastatic cancer with the primary cancer source from lung, liver and tonsil and the most common site was upper extremities. One of them unexpectedly expired during the operation of metastatic tumor excision at the scalp. Conclusions: Discrimination between benign and malignant soft tissue tumors is crucial. Performance of imaging study could assist in the differential diagnosis and the pre-operative risk evaluation of metastatic tumors involving skin, soft tissue and skeletal muscle.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.48-53
• /
• 2002

상피암의 인접 골격근으로의 직접 전파는 많이 보고되었으나, 골격근으로의 원격전이는 드물고 특히 다발성 전이는 매우 드문 것으로 알려져 있다. 골격근내의 가변적인 혈류량, 근수축이나 난류성 혈류 등과 같은 물리적인 요인, 골격근내의 산성 환경, 젖산, 세포외 기질의 단백분해효소 억제인자 등이 골격근으로의 원격 전이를 억제하는 원인으로 제시되고 있다. 저자들은 최근 다발성 골격근 전이를 동반한 신장암(이행성 상피세포암) 1례를 경험하였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.1078-1087
• /
• 2021

Objective: Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) are significant for the growth, regeneration, and maintenance of skeletal muscle after birth. However, currently, few studies have been performed on the isolation, culture and inducing differentiation of goose muscle satellite cells. Previous studies have shown that C1q and tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 (CTRP3) participated in the process of muscle growth and development, but its role in the goose skeletal muscle development is not yet clear. This study aimed to isolate, culture, and identify the goose SMSCs in vitro. Additionally, to explore the function of CTRP3 in goose SMSCs. Methods: Goose SMSCs were isolated using 0.25% trypsin from leg muscle (LM) of 15 to 20 day fertilized goose eggs. Cell differentiation was induced by transferring the cells to differentiation medium with 2% horse serum and 1% penicillin streptomycin. Immunofluorescence staining of Desmin and Pax7 was used to identify goose SMSCs. Quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction and western blot were applied to explore developmental expression profile of CTRP3 in LM and the regulation of CTRP3 on myosin heavy chains (MyHC), myogenin (MyoG) expression and Notch signaling pathway related genes expression. Results: The goose SMSCs were successfully isolated and cultured. The expression of Pax7 and Desmin were observed in the isolated cells. The expression of CTRP3 decreased significantly during leg muscle development. Overexpression of CTRP3 could enhance the expression of two myogenic differentiation marker genes, MyHC and MyoG. But knockdown of CTRP3 suppressed their expression. Furthermore, CTRP3 could repress the mRNA level of Notch signaling pathway-related genes, notch receptor 1, notch receptor 2 and hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif 1, which previously showed a negative regulation in myoblast differentiation. Conclusion: These findings provide a useful cell model for the future research on goose muscle development and suggest that CTRP3 may play an essential role in skeletal muscle growth of goose.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2008

연조직종양의 이해는 과거 10년 동안에 걸쳐 주요 변화와 더불어 실질적인 진보가 있었고, 이를 바탕으로 연조직종양의 새로운 분류가 WHO에 의해 2002년에 이루어졌다. 이 개정은 이전에 발표와 상당히 다른 내용의 접근을 하였고, 이 작업에 유전학과 분자생물학 그리고 임상분야의 전문가들이 참여하였다. 여기에서는 과거에 알고 있었거나 특성이 알려진 많은 종양을 포함하여 새로운 큰 변화나 작은 변화가 일어난 부분에 대해서 정리를 하였다. 이러한 내용을 연조직종양의 새로운 WHO 분류를 중심으로 지방세포종, 섬유모세포성/근육섬유모세포 성종과 소위섬유조직구종, 평활근종, 혈관주위종과 근골격종을 중심으로, 큰 변화와 작은 변화로 나누어서 설명하고 새롭게 소개되는 병명을 소개하고 정리하였다. 이 새로운 WHO의 연조직종양의 분류를 이해하여, 종양의 진단과 예후의 재현을 용이하게 하는 필수적인 지침으로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제73권6호
• /
• pp.312-319
• /
• 2012

Background: Muscle wasting in sepsis is associated with increased proteolysis. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) has been characterized as an anabolic factor for skeletal muscles. Our study aims to investigate the role of IL-15 in sepsis-induced muscle atrophy and proteolysis. Methods: Mice were rendered septic either by cecal ligation and puncture or by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg/kg i.p.). Expression of IL-15 mRNA and protein was determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis in the control and septic limb muscles. C2C12 skeletal muscle cells were stimulated in vitro with either LPS or dexamethasone in the presence and absence of IL-15 and sampled at different time intervals (24, 48, or 72 hours). IL-15 ($10{\mu}g/kg$) was intraperitoneally administered 6 hours before sepsis induction and limb muscles were sampled after 24 hours of sepsis. Cathepsin L activity was determined to measure muscle proteolysis. Atrogin-1 and muscle-specific ring finger protein 1 (MuRF1) expressions in limb muscle protein lysates was analyzed. Results: IL-15 mRNA expression was significantly lower in the limb muscles of septic mice compared to that of controls. Cathepsin L activity in C2C12 cells was significantly lower in presence of IL-15, when compared to that observed with individual treatments of LPS or dexamethasone or tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$. Further, the limb muscles of mice pre-treated with IL-15 prior to sepsis induction showed a lower expression of atrogin-1 and MuRF1 than those not pre-treated. Conclusion: IL-15 may play a role in protection against sepsis-induced muscle wasting; thereby, serving as a potential therapeutic target for sepsis-induced skeletal muscle wasting and proteolysis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권18호
• /
• pp.8075-8077
• /
• 2016

Sarcopenia, characterized by a decline of skeletal muscle plus low muscle strength and/or physical performance, has emerged to be an important prognostic factor for advanced cancer patients. It is associated with poor performance status, toxicity from chemotherapy, and shorter time of tumor control. There is limited data about sarcopenia in cancer patients and associated factors. Moreover, the knowledge about the changes of muscle mass during chemotherapy and its impact to response and toxicity to chemotherapy is still lacking. This review aimed to provide understanding about sarcopenia and to emphasize its importance to cancer treatment.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.12-19
• /
• 2024

Skeletal muscle (SM) is the largest organ of the body and is largely responsible for the metabolism required to maintain body functions. Furthermore, the maintenance of SM is dependent on the activation of muscle satellite (stem) cells (MSCs) and the subsequent proliferation and fusion of differentiating myoblasts into mature myofibers (myogenesis). Natural compounds are being used as therapeutic options to promote SM regeneration during aging, muscle atrophy, sarcopenia, cachexia, or obesity. In particular, ginseng-derived compounds have been utilized in these contexts, though ginsenoside Rg1 is mostly used for SM mass management. These compounds primarily function by activating the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, upregulating myogenin and MyoD to induce muscle hypertrophy, downregulating atrophic factors (atrogin1, muscle ring-finger protein-1, myostatin, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production), and suppressing the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in cachexia. Ginsenoside compounds are also used for obesity management, and their anti-obesity effects are attributed to peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) inhibition, AMPK activation, glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) translocation, and increased phosphorylations of insulin resistance (IR), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), and Akt. This review was undertaken to provide an overview of the use of ginseng-related compounds for the management of SM-related disorders.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.31-35
• /
• 2000

Focal myositis is a benign inflammatory pseudotumor of a skeletal muscle that clinically mimics a tumor of soft tissue, but the cause of which is obscure. I report here a case of multifocal recurrent nonpainful myositis found in a 68-year-old man who showed a subacute multifocal recurrent nonpainful inflammatory myopathy affecting discrete muscle groups with spontaneous remission and/or some medication.