• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.808-813
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• 2011

This study was conducted to promote the utilization of fish paste containing skate (Raja kenojei) powder. The tested concentrations of skate (Raja kenojei) powder were 0, 1, 3, and 5%. The pH levels of the samples ranged from 6.88 to 7.00, whereas moisture contents ranged from 79.51 to 80.35%. Increasing the amount of skate (Raja kenojei) powder in the fish paste tended to decrease lightness (L) in Hunter color value while increasing redness (a) and yellowness (b). All test samples with 3 mm thickness had good flexibility and did not break even after folding four times. Overall, according to the results of our sensory evaluation, fish paste prepared with 3% skate (Raja kenojei) powder was preferred over other fish pastes. Therefore, these results suggest that skate (Raja kenojei) powder can be applied to fish paste for the purpose of high quality and functionality.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2009

The principal objective of this study was to determine the quality characteristics of tofu prepared with the addition of skate (Raja kenojei) powder. The moisture, crude ash, carbohydrate, crude protein, and crude lipid contents of the used skate powder were 5.34%, 14.15%, 1.90%, 76.60%, and 2.08%, respectivly. The yield rate of the tofu did not differ significantly with the level of added skate powder; however, significant reductions in pH and a significant increase in acidity were observed. The L and b values of the tofu decreased with increases in the amount of added skate powder in the formulation, whereas the a values increased directly with the amount of added skate powder. Furthermore, hardness was increased significantly as the level of skate powder increased. In terms of overall acceptability, the preferred tofu samples were the control and the group to which, 1.0% skate powder was added.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.435-443
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• 2010

Physicochemical and functional properties of collage from skate skin (Raja Kenojei) are examined depending on pH and NaCl concentration in the medium. The solubility decreased as NaCl concentration increased but, turbidity increased as concentration of collagen increased. Oil-holding capacity and water-holding capacity were similar to other fish skin collagens. Emulsion activity, creaming stability, and viscosity were lowest at where pH levels were isoelectric point regions of collagens. However, the higher pH values at 7.0-9.0 caused increasing foam expansion, foam viscosity, and gel strength. These results indicated that collagen from skate skin could be used as a functional ingredient for food and industrial applications.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.771-778
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of cookies prepared using skate powder (0, 1, 3, 5, 7%) as a substitute for flour. The pH of the cookie dough decreased significantly in response to the addition of all levels of skate powder. However, there were no significant differences in the dough values among the test groups. Furthermore, when the spread factor values were compared among groups, they were found to be inversely proportional to the skate powder concentration. In addition, the Hunter's color L, a and b values decreased significantly as the level of skate powder increased. Moreover, the addition of 1-7% skate powder resulted in increased hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, and brittleness when compared to the control. Finally, the results of the sensory evaluation and acceptance test showed that the cookies containing 3% skate powder had the highest scores.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.353-360
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• 2008

홍어 분말 첨가량을 다르게 하여 국수를 제조한 후 색도, 조리 특성, 조직감 및 관능검사 등의 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 밀가루와 홍어 분말의 수분 결합 능력과 용해도 및 팽윤력을 측정한 결과 홍어 분말이 밀가루에 비해 높았으며, 용해도와 팽윤력은 홍어 분말의 경우온도의 상승에 따른 변화가 더 크게 나타났다. 아밀로그라프에 의한 점도 측정 결과, 홍어 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 점진적으로 증가하여 대조군보다 높은 온도에서 호화가 진행됨을 알 수 있었다. 최고 점도와 $95^{\circ}C$에서의 점도, $95^{\circ}C$에서 15분 방치 후의 점도는 홍어 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 홍어 국수의 색깔은 홍어 분말 첨가량이 많을수록 L값(명도)과 b값(황색도)은 감소하였으며, a값(적색도)은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 홍어 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 조리 후 무게와 부피가 높은 상관 관계를 나타내며 증가하였고, 국물의 탁도는 높아지는 경향을 보여 조리 중의 고형분 손실량이 많음을 알 수 있었다. 국수의 경도(hardness)는 홍어 분말 첨가시 첨가하지 않은 대조군보다 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 첨가량에 따라서도 차이를 보였다. 점착성(adhesiveness), 탄력성(springiness), 씹힘성(chewiness)은 홍어 분말 첨가시 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, 첨가량이 많아질수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 응집성(cohesiveness)은 대조군과 큰 차이가 없었고, 홍어 분말 3% 첨가군에서 가장 낮았다. 관능검사 결과 홍어 분말 3% 첨가한 국수에서 기호도가 가장 우수하였으며, 홍어 분말 1% 첨가 국수는 대조군보다 더 낮은 점수를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 보면 홍어 분말을 3% 첨가함으로써 품질과 관능성이 향상된 국수 제조가 가능함을 알 수 있었다.