• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2023

Peroxidasin (PXDN), a multidomain heme peroxidase containing extracellular matrix (ECM) motifs, as well as a catalytic domain, catalyzes the sulfilimine crosslink of collagen IV (Col IV) to reinforce Col IV scaffolds. We previously reported that PXDN is required for endothelial cell (EC) survival and growth signaling through sulfilimine crosslink-dependent matrix assembly. In this study, we examined whether peroxidase activity is required for PXDN function in ECs. First, we constructed a mutant PXDN by point mutation of two highly conserved amino acids, Q823 and D826, which are present in the active site of the peroxidase domain. After isolation of HEK293 clones highly expressing the mutant protein, conditioned medium (CM) was obtained after incubating the cells in serum-free medium for 24 hours and then analyzed by Western blot analysis under nonreducing conditions. The results revealed that the mutant PXDN formed a trimer and that it was cleaved by proprotein convertase-like wild-type (WT) PXDN. However, peroxidase activity was not detected in the CM containing the mutant PXDN, in contrast to that of WT PXDN. In addition, the sulfilimine crosslink ability of the mutant PXDN was lost. Moreover, the CM containing the mutant PXDN failed to promote the growth of PXDN-depleted ECs, unlike the CM containing WT PXDN. These results suggest that the peroxidase activity of PXDN affects EC growth by forming a sulfilimine crosslink.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.525-536
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• 2009

The current residential process adheres to a traditional method of construction involving wood framing on-site on poured concrete foundations which has been widely applied in North America. A conventional residential construction process can include seventeen distinct stages ranging from stake-out to pre-occupancy inspection. The current practice possesses short comings including high construction material wastes, long scheduling timelines, adverse weather conditions, poor quality, low efficiencies and negative environmental impacts from transportation and equipment use. Over CAN $5 billion dollars was spent in the construction sector during 2007 in Canada. Previous findings in CO₂ emissions during the construction process of a conventional dwelling emphasize more than 45 tonnes of CO₂ emissions. Hence, in Alberta alone during 2007, almost 50,000 residential units would release more than two million tonnes of CO₂. These numbers demonstrate the economical and environmental impact in building construction and its relationship with CO₂ emissions. The aim of this paper is to quantify the CO₂ emissions from the current residential construction process in order to establish the baseline for CO₂ emission reduction opportunities. The quantification collection methodology will be approached by identifying the seventeen various stages of construction and quantifying the contributions of CO₂ from specific activities and their impacts of work for each stage. The approach of separating these into separate stages for collection will allow for independent opportunities for analysis from various independent contractors from the entire scope of work. The use of BIM will be implemented to efficiently quantify CO₂ emissions. Based on the CO₂ quantification baseline, emission reduction opportunities such as an industrialized construction process will be introduced that allows homebuilders to reduce the environmental and economical impact of home construction while enabling them to produce higher quality, more energy efficient homes in a safer and shorter period of time.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.70-82
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• 2023

Recently, Korean government has introduced Multi Metric Indices (MMI) using various biocommunity information for aquatic ecosystem monitoring and ecosystem health assessment at the national level. MMI is a key tool in national ecosystem health assessment programs. The MMI consists of indices that respond to different target environmental factors, including environmental disturbance (e.g. nutrients, hydrological and hydraulic situation of site etc.). We used zooplankton community information collected from Korean lakes to estimate the availability of candidate zooplankton MMI indices that can be used to assess lake ecosystem health. First, we modified the candidate indices proposed by the U.S. EPA to suit Korean conditions. The modified indices were subjected to individual index suitability analysis, correlation analysis with environmental variables, and redundancy analysis among indices, and 19 indices were finally selected. Taxonomic diversity was suggested to be an important indicator for all three taxonomic groups (cladoceran, copepod, rotifer), on the other hand, the indices using biomass for large cladocerans and copepods, while the indices using abundance were suggested for small cladocerans and rotifers.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.43-63
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• 2023

With the concentration of the population in the city center and the saturation of the structures on the ground, the development of the underground structures becomes important and the construction of an adjoining tunnel that can reduce the overall problems is respected. In addition, it is necessary to apply the reinforcement construction method for the pillar part of the adjacent tunnel that can secure stability, economy and workability of the site. In this study, the tunnel pillar reinforcement method using prestress and grouting was reviewed. There are various reinforcement methods that can compensate for the problems of the side tunnel, but as the tunnel pillar construction method using prestress and grouting is judged to be excellent in field applicability, stability and economic feasibility, theoretical and numerical analysis of the actual behavior mechanism are conducted. Numerical analysis is divided into PC stranded wire + steel pipe reinforcement grouting + prestress (Case 1), pillar part tie bolt reinforcement (Case 2), pillar part non-reinforcement (Case 3) under the same ground conditions, and the maximum value of the celling displacement, internal displacement, and member force, the stability was confirmed. Through numerical analysis, it was confirmed that Case 1 which reinforced the PC stranded wire, was the best construction method and if it is verified and supplemented through field experiments later, it will be possible to derive superior results in terms of displacement control and member force than the currently applied reinforcement method was judged.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2023

'Tracers' are bullets that emit light at the backside so that the shooter can see the trajectory of their flight. These light-emitting bullets allow snipers to hit targets faster and more accurately. Conventional tracers are all combustion type which use the heat generated upon ignition. However, the conventional tracer has a fire risk at the impact site due to the residual flame and has a by-product that can contaminate the inside of the gun and lead to firearm failure. To resolve these problems, it is necessary to develop non-combustion-type tracers that can convert heat to luminance, so-called 'thermoluminescence (TL)'. Here, we highly improve the thermoluminescence properties of MgB₄O₇ through co-doping of Dy³⁺+Ce³⁺ and Dy³⁺+Na⁺. The presence of doping materials (Dy³⁺, Ce³⁺, Na⁺) was confirmed by XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). The as-synthesized co-doped MgB₄O₇ was irradiated with a specific radiation dose and heated to 500 ℃under dark conditions. Different thermoluminescence characteristics were exhibited depending on the type or amounts of doping elements, and the highest luminance of 370 cd/m² was obtained when Dy 10 % and Na 5 % were co-doped.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-53
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• 1994

A SGTR accident postulated at Kori unit 1 is simulated with Mihama unit experience, which occurred on February 1991, to evaluate the capability of plant to cope with the transient. The system design and plant conditions of Kori Unit 1 are much similar with those of Mihama Unit 2. Therefore, special concern has been given to evaluate the sequence and the resulting consequence of the postulated SGTR accident at the Kori unit 1 An analysis is peformed as realistically as possible, with following the EOP of Kori unit 1. The result indicates that the leak through tube break terminates within about forty minutes, and the Kori unit 1 may be sufficient to cope with SGTR accident with same type of sequence. However, the reconsideration may be required for the design of Kori unit 1 which disconnects non-safety AC power from off-site power on SI signal generation. It may be pointed out that the content of EOP for SGTR accident is not enough to require operator's proper judgements. An analysis of SGTR accident tested in the LSTF which simulated the SGTR accident at the Mihama Unit 2 is peformed using the RELAP5/MOD3. The results indicates that the code yields in general good agreement with the test, except the break flowrate at the early stage of the event.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.77-85
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• 2007

This paper investigates the mechanical characteristics of composite geo-material which was developed to reuse both dredged soils and bottom ash. The composite geo-material used in this experiment consists of dredged soil taken from the construction site of Busan New Port, cement, air foam and bottom ash. Bottom ash is a by-product generated at the Samcheonpo thermal power plant. Several series of laboratory tests were performed to investigate behavior characteristics of composite gee-material, in particular the reinforcing effect by mixing bottom ash. The experimental results of composite geo-material indicated that the stress-strain relationship and the unconfined compressive strength are strongly influenced by mixing conditions. Especially it was observed that the compressive strength of composite geo-material increased with an increase in bottom ash content due to reinforcing effect by the bottom ash. Compressive strength of composite geo-material increased with the increase in curing time. The 28-day strength of composite geo-material is $1.7{\sim}1.8$ times higher than the 7-day strength. The moist unit weight strongly depended on air-foam content as well as bottom ash content added to the composite goo-material. In composite geo-material, secant modulus ($E_{50}$) also increased as its compressive strength increased due to the inclusion of bottom ash.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.67-76
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• 2007

The characteristics of rockfall are determined by virtually all factors and conditions e.g. the physical figure of the slope such as inclination, height, roughness, the elemental figure of the slope such as vegetation and material deposited, and the shape and weight of the rockfall itself. Although it is one of the major factors to be considered in rockfall simulation, little attention has been given to the weight of the rockfall. And, since the size of the rockfall is dominated by joint spacing, the distribution of the rockfall block weight can be predicted as a function of the joint spacing. In this study, the weight distribution of rockfall was estimated by using the method of volumetric joint count, $J_{\nu}$, based on joint spacing, and $RQD-J_{\nu}$. The results indicate that the weight distributions were analogous in two methods, and the distribution was to be $75.3{\sim}76.7%$ for 200 kilograms or lesser, $15.0{\sim}16.6%$ for $200{\sim}400$ kilograms, and $6.7{\sim}9.7%$ for 400 kilograms or more, which show good matches with the actual on-site weight distribution. Therefore, the weight distribution of rockfall suggested in this paper is able to be considered as appropriate data for rockfall simulation.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.27-40
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• 2023

A pile is a structural element that is used to transfer external loads from superstructures and has been widely utilized in construction fields all over the world. The method of installing a pile into the ground should be selected based on geotechnical conditions, location, site status, environmental factors, and construction costs, among others. It can be divided into two types: direct hammering and preboring. The direct hammering method installs a pile into the bearing layer, such as rock, using a few types of hammer, generating a considerable amount of pile driving-induced vibration. The vibration from pile driving influences adjacent structures and the ground; therefore, quantitatively investigating the effects of vibration is inevitably required. In this study, two-dimensional dynamic numerical modeling and analysis are performed using the finite difference method to investigate the influence on the adjacent slope, including temporary supporting system. Time-dependent loading induced by pile driving is estimated and used in the numerical analysis. Consequently, large surface displacement is estimated due to surface waves and less wave deflection, and refraction at the surface. The total displacement decreases with the increase of the distance from the source. However, lateral displacement at the top of the slope shows a larger value than vertical displacement, and the overall displacement tends to be concentrated near the face of the slope.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.71-79
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• 2023

It is not efficient to install a maintenance system that measures seismic acceleration and displacement on all bridges and buildings to evaluate the safety of structures after an earthquake occurs. In order to maintain this, an on-site investigation is conducted. Therefore, it takes a lot of time when the scope of the investigation is wide. As a result, secondary damage may occur, so it is necessary to predict the safety of individual structures quickly. The method of estimating earthquake damage of a structure includes a finite element analysis method using approved seismic information and a structural analysis model. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the seismic information generated at arbitrary location in order to quickly determine structure damage. In this study, methods to predict the ground response spectrum and acceleration time history at arbitrary location using linear estimation methods, and artificial neural network learning methods based on seismic observation data were proposed and their applicability was evaluated. In the case of the linear estimation method, the error was small when the locations of nearby observatories were gathered, but the error increased significantly when it was spread. In the case of the artificial neural network learning method, it could be estimated with a lower level of error under the same conditions.