• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.176-184
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• 2024

This study aimed to compare color matching between single-shade composite resin-restored teeth with various pulp capping materials and the dentin surrounding the restoration through instrumental analysis and visual evaluation of the color difference. Fifty maxillary right central incisor acrylic resin teeth were prepared with standardized Class III cavities on the proximal surfaces. These teeth were divided into five groups: restored with single-shade composite resin only; Ultra-Blend^TM plus followed by single-shade composite resin; TheraCal PT^TM followed by single-shade composite resin; Endocem^® MTA premixed followed by single-shade composite resin; and Well-root PT^TM followed by single-shade composite resin. The color difference (ΔE_ab^*) between the restored area and the center of the resin teeth was measured using a spectrophotometer. No significant color difference was observed in groups restored with only single-shade composite resin, Ultra-Blend^TM plus, and TheraCal PT^TM. The visual evaluation revealed that Ultra-Blend^TM plus exhibited the best color matching score, whereas the Endocem^® MTA premixed and Well-root PT^TM groups showed significantly lower color matching scores than the single-shade composite resin-only group. When opting for single-shade composite resin usage for anterior tooth restorations with the aim of reducing chair time, pulp capping materials Ultra-Blend^TM plus and TheraCal PT^TM provide esthetically pleasing results.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2023

모든 유치에 알맞은 색조의 복합레진을 수복하는 것은 소아치과 의사에게 큰 어려움이다. 최근 개발된 단일 색조 복합레진은 구조색 현상을 기반으로 주변 치질과 유사한 색상을 나타낼 수 있다. 이 연구는 단일 색조 복합레진의 유치에서의 색조 적응력(Color adjustment potential, CAP)을 일반적인 다색조 복합레진과 비교하여 평가하기 위한 연구이다. 한 개의 단일 색조 복합레진과 두 개의 다색조 복합레진이 연구에 포함되었다. Single, dual 두 종류의 표본이 제작되어 평가되었다. Single 표본은 실험군 레진을 이용하여 제2유구치 인공치를 복제하여 제작하였다. Dual 표본은 발거된 제2유구치 협면에 와동을 형성한 뒤 실험군 레진을 수복하여 제작하였다. 측색계를 이용하여 발거된 치아 및 제작된 표본의 L^*, a^*, b^* 값을 측정하였다. Single, dual 표본에 대한 ΔE_ab^* 값과 CAP 값의 평균을 계산하였으며 Bonferroni 사후 분석을 이용하여 실험군 레진 간의 통계적 유의성을 확인하였다. 실험 결과 단일 색조 복합레진이 다른 복합레진들에 비해 유의하게 큰 ΔE_Single 값을 나타내었다(p < 0.0167). 모든 실험군 레진 간 유의한 ΔE_Dual 값의 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 단일 색조 복합레진은 다른 다색조 복합레진들과 비교 시 가장 높은 CAP 값을 나타내었다. 단일 색조 복합레진은 제2유구치에서 다른 다색조 복합레진에 비해 준수한 색조 적응력을 나타내었다. 단일 색조 복합레진은 제2유구치에서 색조 선택 과정을 단순화하면서 심미적인 수복물을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.84-89
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• 2012

Objectives: This study analyzed the difference in color caused by different thickness in enamel layer of composite resins when applied with single and layering placement technique, and evaluated if the results agreed with the shade guide from the manufacturers to verify reliability of the color matching process of the manufacturers. Materials and Methods: For single composite resin samples, 6 mm diameter and 4 mm thickness cylindrical samples were fabricated using Ceram-X mono (DENTSPLY DeTrey) and CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ values were measured with spectrophotometer. Same process was done for layering composite resin samples, making 3 dentinal shade samples, 4 mm thickness, for each shade using Ceram-X duo (DENTSPLY DeTrey) and enamel shade resins were layered in 2 mm thickness and CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ values were measured. These samples were ground to 0.2 mm thickness each time, and CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ values were measured to 1 mm thickness of enamel shade resin. Results: Color difference (${\Delta}E^*$) between single and layering composite resin was 1.37 minimum and 10.53 maximum when layering thicknesses were between 1 mm and 2 mm and 6 out of 10 same shade groups suggested by manufacturer showed remarkable color difference at any thickness (${\Delta}E^*$ > 3.3). Conclusion: When using Ceram-X mono and duo for composite resin restoration, following the manufacturer's instructions for choosing the shade is not appropriate, and more accurate information for Ceram-X duo is needed on the variation and expression of the shades depending on the thickness of the enamel.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.7.1-7.11
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of substrate color and interface distance on the color adjustment of 2 single-shade composites, Vittra APS Unique and Charisma Diamond One. Materials and Methods: Dual disc-shaped specimens were created using Vittra APS Unique or Charisma Diamond One as the center composite, surrounded by shaded composites (A1 or A3). Color measurements were taken with a spectrophotometer against a gray background, recording the color coordinates in the CIELAB color space. Illumination with a light-correcting device and image acquisition using a polarizing filter-equipped cell phone were performed on specimens over the same background. Image processing software was used to measure the color coordinates in the center and periphery of the inner composite and in the outer composite. The color data were then converted to CIELAB coordinates and adjusted using data from the spectrophotometer. Color differences (ΔE₀₀) between the center/periphery of single-shade and outer composites were calculated, along with color changes in single-shade composites caused by different outer composites. Color differences for the inner composites surrounded by A1 and A3 were also calculated. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (α = 0.05). Results: The results showed that color discrepancies were lowest near the interface and when the outer composite was whiter (A1). Additionally, Charisma Diamond One exhibited better color adjustment ability than Vittra APS Unique. Conclusions: Color discrepancies between the investigated single-shade composites diminished towards the interface with the surrounding composite, particularly when the latter exhibited a lighter shade.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.220-225
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• 2014

A fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) fixed prosthesis is an innovative alternative to a traditional metal restoration, as it is a conservative treatment method. This case report demonstrates a detailed procedure for restoring a missing anterior tooth with an FRC. A 44-year-old woman visited our department with an avulsed tooth that had fallen out on the previous day and was completely dry. This tooth was replanted, but it failed after one year. A semi-direct technique was used to fabricate a FRC fixed partial prosthesis for its replacement. The FRC framework and the pontic were fabricated using a duplicated cast model and nanofilled composite resin. Later on, interproximal contact, tooth shape, and shade were adjusted at chairside. This technique not only enables the clinician to replace a missing tooth immediately after extraction for minimizing esthetic problems, but it also decreases both tooth reduction and cost.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.377-384
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• 2007

작금의 치질 접착시스템은 도말층 처리 방법에 따라 전부식형과 자가부식형 접착시스템으로 대별된다. 이러한 두 가지 접착시스템의 효용성을 비교, 평가하고 열순환 횟수에 따른 미세누출도 변화를 측정하기 위해 각각의 접착시스템으로 수복된 우치 5급 수복물에, 수복 초기의 효용성를 의미하는 500회의 열순환 자극과 상대적으로 긴 내구성을 의미하는 5,000회의 열순환 자극을 부여한 다음, 전기화학적 방법으로 측정하였다. 건전한 40개의 단근관을 가진 우치를 이용하여 백악법랑 경계부를 중심으로 5급 와동을 형성하였으며, 치아를 각각 10개씩 4개의 실험군 (열순환 횟수 2종 $\times$ 복합레진 수복 2개 군)으로 분류하였다. 20개의 치아에는 전부식형 접착시스템인 Single bond와 Z250 (shade A4)을, 나머지 20개의 치아에는 자가부식형 접착시스템인 AQ bond와 Metafil (shade A4)로 각각 충전하고 광중합기 (XL2500, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA)를 이용하여 $600\;mW/cm^2$의 광도로 40초간 광중합하였다. 모든 시편을 실온에서 24 시간동안 증류수에 보관한 다음, 연마하고 각 수복물의 반은 섭씨 5도와 55도의 수조에 30초씩 담궜으며 이동 시간 10초의 열순환 (thermocycling)을 500회 시행하였고, 나머지 반은 5,000회 실시하였다. 미세 전류 측정을 위해 직류 공급원인 TOE 8841 (TOELLNER electronic instrument GMBH, Germany)을 이용하여 10 V의 전압을 부여하였으며 6514 system Electrometer (Keithley Co., Cleveland, Ohio, USA)로 미세전류 (${\mu}A$)를 측정하였다. 전류를 흐르게 한 다음 5-10분까지 20초 간격으로 측정 한 15개 측정치의 평균값을 시편의 미세전류 측정치로 인정하였다. 각 군간의 미세전류 측정치에 대한 유의성은 수복방법 및 열순환 횟수의 변수에 대한 Two-way ANOVA test로 95% 유의 수준에서 검증하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 수복방법과 열순환 횟수 사이의 상호작용은 없었으며 (p = 0.485), 열순환 횟수에 따른 미세누출의 차이도 없었다(p = 0.814). 그러나 자가부식형 접착시스템인 AQ Bond와 Metafil로 수복된 실험군이 전부식형 접착시스템인 Single Bond와 Z250으로 수복된 군에 비해 적은 미세누출도를 보였다 (p = 0.005).

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.299-308
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• 2000

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the microleakage of 5 curing methods in class V composite restorations which are composed of two-step light curing, pulse-delay cure, low curing-light intensity, moderate curing-light intensity and high curing-light intensity. In this study, class V cavities were prepared on buccal and lingual surfaces of 50 extracted human upper or lower molars on cementum margin. Single Bond adhesive and Z-100 shade A2 were applied for each group following the manufacture's instruction. The experimental teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 samples (20 surfaces) each. Group 1: two-step light curing; Group 2: pulse-delay cure; Group 3: low curing-light intensity; Group 4: moderate curing-light intensity; Group 5: high curing-light intensity. After 500 thermocycling between $5^{\circ}C$ and $55^{\circ}C$, the 60 teeth were placed in 2% methylene blue dye for 24 hours, then rinsed with tab water. The specimens were embedded in clear resin, then sectioned buccolingually through the center of restoration with a low speed diamond saw. The dye penetration on each of the specimen was then observed with a stereomicroscope at ${\times}20$. The composite resin/tooth interfaces were examined under Scanning Electron Microscopy. The results were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis One Way ANOVA and Dunn's Method. The results of this study were as follows. 1. In all groups, the leakage values seen at the enamel margin were significantly lower than those seen at the dentin margin(P<0.05). 2. No group in this study showed significant differences in leakage values at both the enamel and the dentin margins(P<0.05). 3. In all groups, the gaps seen at the enamel margin were significantly lower than those seen at the dentin margin(P<0.05). 4. The gaps in this study showed significant differences and two-step light-curing and low curing-light intensity produced significant less gap than high curing-light intensity(P<0.05).