• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.145-155
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• 2017

This study explores developing a piece of modularized and multi-useful bed adapting PyeongSang followed by the last issue, 'a study on traditional Korean furniture, PyeongSang I' for the understanding of the furniture from theory and history. Adopted From the joints and ornament, the modularized elements were designed and developed in order to compose the head board, the side board, the foot board, and the seat bottom. The joints are sambang miter, samae miter, dado, and mortise and tenon, which are strong in holding the bed. And the ornament is lattice patterns like geokjamun and manjamun, elephant eyes patterns like ansangmun from the traditional furniture. Using the elements, the bed is composed with six modules which make people free and easy to move and transform them. Hence, the bed is multi-useful by using the double, the twin the single, and various sofas by the way to display them such as two, three, four, five, and six modules. And the bed was made of bright zelkova tree and dark heat treated ash expressing contrast of black and white, the design concept modern and easy to make many people access to them.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.243-250
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• 2003

Ultrastructural changes of the male germ cells and structure of spermatozoa in Paralichthys olivaceus were examined by means of the light and transmission electron microscopes. The spermatogonium has a large nucleus with a single nucleus with a single nucleolus in the interphase. Primary spermatocytes are identified by the formation of the synaptonemal complex in the karyoplasm. The secondary spermatocytes are more concentrated and contains numerous cell organelle in the cytoplasm. The nucleus of spermatid in spermiogenesis is more condensed in the karyoplasm, and show spherical structure in shape. Mitochondria of the spermatids are observed in the lower portion of the nucleus. The spermatozoon consists of the head, mid piece and tail. The acrosome is not observed in the head. Axial filaments of the flagellum consists of nine pairs of the peripheral microtubules and one pair of the central microtubules.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.173-181
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• 2013

This research analyzed the expression trend about the slit which composes the open space by the visual concept and then introduced the imbedded aesthetic value in it. Based on it, this work aims at showing the evidence on the slit as a utilizing tool for various design applications and providing the basic materials in order to develop the creative design production in the fashion area in the future. Specifically, for the theoretical background in this research, the concept of slit and its chronological changes were reviewed through literature. For the empirical analysis on the slit, a total of 226 designs with its application were analyzed from collection pieces in the four major collections including Paris, Milan, New York, and London from 2006S/S to 2012S/S. As a result of analysis, types of slit appeared as a slash, opening, slit, or a mix of them. These were applied to many different items of clothing, and among which, one-piece or dress was adopted most for application. In regard to space form, perpendicularity was used most frequently. But other various forms like cross and geometrical pattern were also used as well as curve, oblique line and horizontality. As to the arrangement of slit, single type was most frequently used. However, in addition to it, other types were also applied, producing both the functionality and the decorative detail such as bilateral symmetry, free irregularity, and a combination of regular and repeated layout which makes an effect of single pattern. Aesthetic values imbedded in slit were revealed as functionality, sensuality, spatiality, and decorativeness.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.125-131
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• 2002

Respiratory air flow rate is necessarily measured for the pulmonary function evaluation. The currently used devices are exposed to the problems of measurement reliability and cross-patient infection. The present study introduced a new technique which converted the bidirectional air flow rate into averaged dynamic pressure based on the famous Bernoulli's energy conservation principle. Single use plastic sensing element was assembled within the flow tube(mouth piece) made of paper, which was named "functional single use flow tube". Experiment demonstrated only ${\pm}1.5%$ relative error in the standard 3L volume measurement procedure well within the error limit suggested by the American Thoracic Society(ATS). Disposable use design completely eliminated cross-patient infection. The present device is best useful and safe for clinical respiratory air flow measurement such as spirometry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.55 no.2 s.92
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• pp.1-17
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• 2005

The realistic plan to establish a silver market in the clothing industries has not taken concrete shape, although the interest in the establishment of a silver market targeting the aged as a new custom group Is gradually Increasing because the rapid development of science and medical technology in the 20th century has led to an extension of lift and improvement of living conditions. The specialized business which produces and sells the clothing for the elderly is of small number and most of the clothes for the elderly are manufactured and sold by the companies for women's clothing in which change the size or length of the original works rather than reflect the bodily features of the elderly. The findings indicated that domestic brands showed the coordinated concept of a suit of jacket and slacks or skirts while the clothes were formed with a variety of coordinations centering around single article in the U.S brands. But, there was no difference in the use of natural materials centering around cotton and silk etc. and in the use of embroidery, lace and decorative details between the two countries. The knit brands of knit suit style in Korea were formed with the items focused on pull over and cardigan twin set, while the U.S brands were mainly formed with the design of knit suit style. The domestic knit brands were mostly developed with complicated patterns and gorgeous colors, while most of the U.S. brands were presenting a single or two tone color suit style and evening one-piece dress with a simple and modern style. The sporty casual brands of sporty casual style in Korea had a variety of colors and patterns focused on function and comfort for diverse leisure activities and daily life, while the U.S brands were established to present a variety of styles with the items of single article because they had a separate brand for casual even though it was not a exclusive brand for the elderly This study has a meaning in the presentation of the design idea considering the bodily shape of the elderly compared to the ready-to-wear considering the size alone, by examining the characteristics of bodice according to the physical change of the elderly women, analyzing the design of madam brand and the style of the ready-to-wear, researching the general circumstances of the brand for the elderly women, and highlighting the necessity of the elderly clothing market.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.569-582
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to verify the impact protection performance and to evaluate the activity, design, fit, and pad characteristics of the fall impact protection clothing for elderly women. The protective clothing was designed as pants type and underwear type, and an impact protection pad in the form of a tightly connected regular hexagon piece was inserted in the hip and hip joints. The pad was made of two kinds of foam single pad and foam and gel combination pad so that they could be inserted into pants type and underwear type, respectively. The results of the shock absorption performance of the fall impact protective clothing showed that when the impact force of 4601N was applied to the pants type protective clothing, the impact force was reduced by 29% in the foam pad type and 26% in the gel and foam pad type. When the force of 5113N was applied to the underwear type, it decreased by 40% in the foam pad type and by 34% in the gel and foam pad type. As a result of wearing evaluation of subject group, it was found that fit and activity of underwear type was better than that of pants type. Foam pad type was evaluated to be lighter than gel and foam pad type in both the subject and the expert group and the gel and foam pad was evaluated to be more flexible in the expert group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.29-40
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• 2009

On April 28th of 2006, a set of Buddha's reliquary was excavated from the pagoda in n Nacsan Temple. According to the record, the relics were put in the pagoda in the 18th year of King SookJong in the Chosun Dynasty (1692). The present paper examines ten pieces of wrapping clothes covering reliquary found in the pagoda. They are especially precious data in the history of textiles because they were blocked off from outside and was preserved in good condition with vivid colors still remaining after more than 300 years. Of the ten pieces of wrapping cloth, five were double-layered and the other five were single-layered. They include 15 pieces of silk fabric but, excluding repeated use of the same silk fabric, the total of 11 pieces of silk fabric were examined. All 11 kinds of silk fabric were patterned, 9 of which were Satin and the other 2 were Twill. Of the 9 Satin pieces, 8 pieces were 5-end satin which had the ground of 5-end warp satin with the figure of 5-end weft satin. The remaining 1 Satin piece were more splendid with prominent figures by using warp and weft of different colors. The 2 Twill pieces used twill weave-the ground was 3-end warp twill and the figures were 5-end weft twill. Both of the Twill pieces were weaved with character patterns, partly using wrapped gold thread as supplementary weft. The patterns of 11 pieces of silk fabric include flower, dragon/phoenix, cloud, and geometric patterns. Five were flower patterns, three were dragon/phoenix patterns, two were geometric pattern, and one was cloud pattern. In addition, various treasure patterns, character patterns were utilized as supplementary patterns. The flower and phoenix patterns reflect characteristics of the textiles of the 17th century whereas check pattern and cloud pattern were very unique.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.195-204
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• 1977

Dynamic lung compliance was measured in healthy ten young[mean age, 26 years] male and five young[mean age, 25 years] female. Lung volume was integrated of the rate of flow signal which was obtained by using pneumotachograph and differential pressure transducer[PM 5, Statham]. Intrapleural pressure was measured as that of intraesophagel pressure. Esophageal ballon, 15. 5cm in length, 4ml of luminal capacity and made of thin latex, was connected to the polyethylene tube that had 12-14 side holes and was of 1.5mm of ID. Transpulmonary pressure was traced by means of differential pressure transducer[PM 131, Statham] to which connected the esophageal balloon catheter and connection tube from mouth piece. Lung volume and transpulmonary pressure were photographed by cathode ray oscilloscope camera while the subjects were breathing spontaneously. Dynamic lung compliance loop was displayed on single trace monitor and subtraction was performed for the quasi-static hysteresis. Dynamic lung compliance was measured, 1. by plotting the pressure-volume relationship 2. from the subtracted pressure-volume loop. Results were as follows. 1. Dynamic lung compliances measured by plotting of healthy young male and female were $0.202{\pm}0.06$ and $0.190{\pm}0.023L/cm$ $H_2O$ respectively. 2. When measured from subtraction loop, dynamic lung compliance for male and female were $0.327{\pm}0.107$, and $0.27{\pm}0.06L/cm$ $H_2O$ respectively. 3. Dynamic chest wall and total respiratory system compliance were also measured. 4. Dynamic lung compliance by plotting appeared to be essentially same when compared to that of static compliance reported previously from our laboratory, however, that obtained from subtraction loop revealed higher values than the compliances obtained by plotting and that of static compliance.

• Composites Research
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.26-33
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• 2005

The mechanical properties of composite materials may severely degrade in the presence of damage. Especially, the high-velocity impact such as bird strike, a hailstorm, and a small piece of tire or stone during high taxing, can cause considerable damage to the structures and sub-system in spite of a very small mass. However, it is not easy to detect the damage in composite plates using a single technique or any conventional methods. In this paper, the PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) film sensors were used for monitoring high-velocity impact damage initiation and propagation in composite laminates. The WT(wavelet transform) and STFT(short time Fourier transform) are used to decompose the sensor signals. A ultrasonic C-scan and a digital microscope are also used to examine the extent of the damage in each case. This research shows how various sensing techniques, PVDF sensor in particular, can be used to characterize high-velocity impact damage in advanced composite.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.101-111
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate using and evaluative criteria for purchasing of sleepwear in winter. Subjects were 523 males and females aged from twenties to fifties, living in Chongju and Taejon. For data analysis, frequency, descriptive analysis, t-test, and F-test were used. The results are as follows. First, the ownership of sleepwear was sweat suits with zippered top, pajamas, T-shirts/pants, underwear, and nightgown in order. The mean of using sweat suits was used the highest, and subjects used more home wear than sleepwear in winter. Second, the using or sleepwear had a significant difference in cold-sensitiveness and body types. Cold-sensitive group used sweat suit and T-shirts/pants more than cold-insensitive group. Also, groups who are thin wore sweat suit the most while groups who are corpulent, used underwear the most when they slept. Third, subjects, who are married women and use bed, used nightgown, but pajamas were used by groups who are older, married, and professional. Sweat suits and T-shirts/pants were used the most by single aged twenties. Forth, consumers considered the wearing comfort when they purchased sleepwear for winter, and they evaluated washing/management, fabric, design/style, economic, service, brand, and others' response in order, for judging the quality of sleepwear. Also, the evaluative criteria had a significant difference in demographic variables such as sex, occupation, and marital state. These results implied that sleepwear would be needed for winter in terms of behavioral temperature regulation. Especially, cold-sensitive and thin group would wear knitted and two-piece sleepwear for thermal comfort when they sleep in winter. Also, Using and evaluative criteria of sleepwear would be different in demographic characteristics. For winter, sleepwear should be develop based on physiologic as well as demographic variables.