• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2001년도 추계학술대회(제116회) 및 13회 Workshop 제3회 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회 초록집
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• pp.560.1-560
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• 2001

To evaluate the micro-shear bond strength of current adhesive systems to cervical and mid-coronal enamel. Materials and Two commercially available resin adhesives were investigated; a self-etching primer system(Clearfil SE Bond, Kyraray) and a one-bottle adhesive system(Single Bond, 3M) intended for use with the total-etch wet-bonding technique were employed. Two regions of enamel, cervical and mid-coronal regions, were chosen from the buccal surface of extracted molars and were then bonded with each adhesive system and submitted to the micro-shear bond test.(중략)

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.69-84
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• 2017

This paper presents results of an experimental investigation on the behaviour of bond between external glass fibre reinforced polymer reinforcement and concrete exposed to three different environmental conditions, namely, temperature cycles, wet-dry cycles and outdoor environment separately for extended durations. Single shear tests (pull-out test) were conducted to investigate bond strengths (pull-out strengths) of control (unexposed) and exposed specimens. Effect of the exposure conditions on the compressive strength of concrete were also investigated separately to understand the effect of changing concrete compressive strength on the pull-out strength. Based on the comparison of experimental results of exposed specimens to control specimens in terms of bond strengths, failure modes and strain profiles, the most significant degradation of pull-out strength was observed in specimens exposed to outdoor environment, whereas temperature cycles did not cause any deterioration of strength.

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2003년도 제120회 추계학술대회 제 5차 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회
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• pp.601-601
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• 2003

AQ Bond Plus has the function of self-etching priming adhesive, which can be applied by single coating without second coating, being different from conventional AQ bonds. Moreover, because the absorption range of light became wider, the bond can comply with any visible light curing units. Thus, the bond can produce an unified form between the dentine layer with impregnated resin of good quality and the thin and hard film characteristically. In this study, we investigated the junctional conditions of AQ Bond Plus, using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).(omitted)

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2014

PURPOSE. This study was aimed to evaluate effect of the desensitizing pretreatments on the micro-tensile bond strengths (${\mu}TBS$) to eroded dentin and sound dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty-two extracted molars were prepared to form a flat dentin surface, and then they were divided into two groups. Group I was stored in distilled water while group II was subjected to a pH cycling. Each group was then subdivided into three subgroups according to desensitizing pretreatment used: a) pretreatment with desensitizer (Gluma); b) pretreatment with $CO_2$ Laser (Ultra Dream Pluse); c) without any pretreatment. All prepared surfaces were bonded with Single Bond 2 and built up with resin composite (Filtek Z250). The micro-tensile bond test was performed. Fracture modes were evaluated by stereomicroscopy. Pretreated surfaces and bonded interfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data obtained was analyzed by two-way ANOVA (${\alpha}$=0.05). RESULTS. For both sound and eroded dentin, samples treated with desensitizer showed the greatest ${\mu}TBS$, followed by samples without any treatment. And samples treated with $CO_2$ laser showed the lowest ${\mu}TBS$. SEM study indicated that teeth with eroded dentin appeared prone to debonding, as demonstrated by existence of large gaps between adhesive layers and dentin. CONCLUSION. Pretreatment with Gluma increased the ${\mu}TBS$ of Single Bond 2 for eroded and sound teeth. $CO_2$ laser irradiation weakened bond performance for sound teeth but had no effect on eroded teeth.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2002

The effect of bonding misfit on single crystallization of transient liquid phase (TLP) bonded joints of single crystal superalloy CMSX-2 was investigated using MBF-80 insert metal. The bonding misfit was defined by (100) twist angle (rotating angle) at bonded interface. TLP bonding of specimens was carried out at 1523K for 1.8ks in vacuum. The post-bond heat treatment consisted of the solution and sequential two step aging treatment was conducted in the Ar atmosphere. The crystallographic orientation analysis across the TLP bonded joints was conducted three dimensionally using the electron back scattering pattern (EBSP) method. EBSP analyses f3r the bonded and post bonded heat treated specimens were conducted. All bonded joints had misorientation centering around the bonded interface for as-bonded and post-bond heat treated specimens with rotating angle. The average misorientation angle between both solid phases in bonded interlayer was almost identical to the rotating angle at bonded interface. HRTEM observation revealed that the atom arrangement of both solid phases in bonded interlayer was quite different across the bonded interface. It followed that grain boundary was formed in bonded interface. It was confirmed that epitaxial growth of the solid phase occurred from the base metal substrates during TLP bonding and single crystallization could not be achieved in joints with rotating angle.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.456-468
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• 2008

본 연구는 5급 와동에서 유동성 복합 레진 수복 시 수종의 상아질 접착제에 따른 미세 누출 양상을 비교하고, resin tag 및 혼성층의 형상을 전자 현미경으로 관찰하고 비교 분석하였다. 행동 조절에 어려움이 많은 소아 환자의 접착 수복에서 술식의 간편화 및 시간 단축이 장점으로 부각되고 있는 All-in-one 상아질 접착제의 임상 적용 가능성을 평가하고 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 법랑질 변연에서는 II군(AQ Bond Plus)이 가장 높은 미세누출을 보였고 III군($AdheSE^{(R)}$ One), I군($Adper^{TM}$ Single Bond 2) 순으로 감소하였으며, II군은 I군, III군과 통계학적 유의차를 보였고(p<0.05), I군과 III군 사이에는 유의차가 없었다. 2. 상아질 변연에서는 II군, I군, III군의 순으로 미세누출이 증가하였고, 각각 통계학적 유의차를 보였다(p<0.05). 3. I군과 III군에서는 법랑질 변연이 상아질 변연보다 유의하게 낮은 미세누출을 보였으나(p<0.05), II군에서는 통계학적 유의차를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 4. 주사전자현미경 소견에서 II군과 III군은 resin tag의 형성이 매우 미약하고 불규칙한 양상을 보인 반면, I군에서는 비교적 긴밀하고 균일한 resin tag가 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면, AQ Bond Plus와 $AdheSE^{(R)}$ One은 처리 과정의 단순화로 인한 시간 절약의 장점을 가지고 있으나 $Adper^{TM}$ Single Bond 2에 비해 상대적으로 높은 미세누출과 약한 결합력을 보인 본 실험의 결과를 미루어 볼 때, 임상적용 시 술식과 case에 따른 선택적 사용이 추천되는 바이다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.377-384
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• 2007

작금의 치질 접착시스템은 도말층 처리 방법에 따라 전부식형과 자가부식형 접착시스템으로 대별된다. 이러한 두 가지 접착시스템의 효용성을 비교, 평가하고 열순환 횟수에 따른 미세누출도 변화를 측정하기 위해 각각의 접착시스템으로 수복된 우치 5급 수복물에, 수복 초기의 효용성를 의미하는 500회의 열순환 자극과 상대적으로 긴 내구성을 의미하는 5,000회의 열순환 자극을 부여한 다음, 전기화학적 방법으로 측정하였다. 건전한 40개의 단근관을 가진 우치를 이용하여 백악법랑 경계부를 중심으로 5급 와동을 형성하였으며, 치아를 각각 10개씩 4개의 실험군 (열순환 횟수 2종 $\times$ 복합레진 수복 2개 군)으로 분류하였다. 20개의 치아에는 전부식형 접착시스템인 Single bond와 Z250 (shade A4)을, 나머지 20개의 치아에는 자가부식형 접착시스템인 AQ bond와 Metafil (shade A4)로 각각 충전하고 광중합기 (XL2500, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA)를 이용하여 $600\;mW/cm^2$의 광도로 40초간 광중합하였다. 모든 시편을 실온에서 24 시간동안 증류수에 보관한 다음, 연마하고 각 수복물의 반은 섭씨 5도와 55도의 수조에 30초씩 담궜으며 이동 시간 10초의 열순환 (thermocycling)을 500회 시행하였고, 나머지 반은 5,000회 실시하였다. 미세 전류 측정을 위해 직류 공급원인 TOE 8841 (TOELLNER electronic instrument GMBH, Germany)을 이용하여 10 V의 전압을 부여하였으며 6514 system Electrometer (Keithley Co., Cleveland, Ohio, USA)로 미세전류 (${\mu}A$)를 측정하였다. 전류를 흐르게 한 다음 5-10분까지 20초 간격으로 측정 한 15개 측정치의 평균값을 시편의 미세전류 측정치로 인정하였다. 각 군간의 미세전류 측정치에 대한 유의성은 수복방법 및 열순환 횟수의 변수에 대한 Two-way ANOVA test로 95% 유의 수준에서 검증하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 수복방법과 열순환 횟수 사이의 상호작용은 없었으며 (p = 0.485), 열순환 횟수에 따른 미세누출의 차이도 없었다(p = 0.814). 그러나 자가부식형 접착시스템인 AQ Bond와 Metafil로 수복된 실험군이 전부식형 접착시스템인 Single Bond와 Z250으로 수복된 군에 비해 적은 미세누출도를 보였다 (p = 0.005).

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.176-190
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• 2005

Statement of problem. The current trend in prosthodontics is the adoption of a conservative approach to preparing dental prostheses by minimizing the amount of sound tooth structure removal during preparation. Purpose. The major disadvantage of the adhesion bridge is the inherently poor resistance to dislodgement that its use in areas subjected to high occlusal load is limited. The purpose of this study was to compare the dislodgement resistance of $Bio-pin^{(R)}$, conventional 3-unit and adhesion bridges. Material and methods. The experimental groups were classified as follows : Group I : 3-unit bridge cemented using $Super-Bond^{(R)}$ C&B Group II : Adhesion bridge cemented using $Super-Bond^{(R)}$ C&B Group III : $Bio-pin^{(R)}$ design adhesion bridge without incorporation of $Bio-pin^{(R)}$ (cemented using $Super-Bond^{(R)}$ C&B) Group IV-1 : $Bio-pin^{(R)}$ retained adhesion bridge incorporating a single $Bio-pin^{(R)}$ (cemented using $Super-Bond^{(R)}$ C&B) Group IV-2 : $Bio-pin^{(R)}$ retained adhesion bridge incorporating a single $Bio-pin^{(R)}$ (cemented using $Panavia^{(R)}$ F) Group V : $Bio-pin^{(R)}$ retained adhesion bridge incorporating two $Bio-pins^{(R)}$ (cemented using $Super-Bond^{(R)}$ C&B) Results. The results of this study were as follows : 1. Significant differences in dislodgement resistance of the restorations were found between Group I, Group II and Group III (p<0.05). No significant differences in dislodgement resistance of the restorations were observed between Group I Group IV-1 and Group V. However, there were significant differences in dislodgement resistance between Group II and the other groups (p<0.05). 2. No significant differences in dislodgement resistance of the restorations were observed between GroupIV-1 and GroupIV-2, both of which utilized a single $Bio-pin^{(R)}$. However, significant differences were observed when Group III was compared to either GroupIV-1 or Group V (p<0.05). 3. No significant differences in dislodgement resistance relative to the type of dental cements used were found. Conclusion. From the above results, it is concluded that the dislodgement resistance of $Bio-pin^{(R)}$ bridge restorations utilizing a single $Bio-pin^{(R)}$ is similar to that of a conventional 3-unit bridge. The results also suggest that $Bio-pin^{(R)}$ bridge restorations using a single $Bio-pin^{(R)}$ are a viable alternative to the conventional 3-unit bridge when minimal removal of sound tooth structure and fulfillment of both function and esthetic aspects are considered.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.279-285
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• 2019

Purpose: The dental CAD / CAM system has been popular with the development of the digital dental industry. Zirconia is a typical material in dental CAD / CAM systems. Zirconia crowns are classified into single layer and double layer. This study is about the double layer crown of zirconia. The surface roughness, bond strength and fracture patterns of the zirconia surface were observed. Methods: Zirconia blocks were cut using a low speed cutter. Sintered to form a plate shape (6mm × 6mm × 3mm). The prepared specimens were surface treated in four ways. Surface roughness and bond strength were measured. And the fracture pattern was observed. Results: Result of surface treatment of zirconia. The surface roughness test results were as ET 2.87 ㎛, ST 2.67 ㎛, LT 2.44 ㎛, AT 2.41 ㎛, CN 2.08 ㎛ order. Bond Strength results were as LT 25.09 MPa, AT 23.27 MPa, ST 21.27 MPa, ET 21.09 MPa, CN 16.12 MPa order. Fracture patterns showed cohesive failure of 25-50% of the bond area. Conclusion: Surface roughness, bond strength and fracture pattern of the zirconia surface were observed. Etching the surface treatment of zirconia materials has been shown to affect the surface roughness. Zirconia special binder treatment has been shown to affect the bond strength improvement.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2010

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to determine differences in shear bond strength to human dentin using immediate dentin sealing (IDS) technique compared to delayed dentin sealing (DDS). MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty extracted human molars were divided into 4 groups with 10 teeth each. The control group was light-cured after application of dentin bonding agent ($Excite^{(R)}$ DSC) and cemented with $Variolink^{(R)}$. II resin cement. IDS/SE (immediate dentin sealing, $Clearfil^{TM}$ SE Bond) and IDS/SB (immediate dentin sealing, $Adapter^{TM}$ Single Bond 2) were light-cured after application of dentin bonding agent ($Clearfil^{TM}$ SE Bond and $Adapter^{TM}$ Sing Bond 2, respectively), whereas DDS specimens were not treated with any dentin bonding agent. Specimens were cemented with $Variolink^{(R)}$. II resin cement. Dentin bonding agent ($Excite^{(R)}$. DSC) was left unpolymerized until the application of porcelain restoration. Shear strength was measured using a universal testing machine at a speed of 5 mm/min and evaluated of fracture using an optical microscope. RESULTS. The mean shear bond strengths of control group and IDS/SE group were not statistically different from another at 14.86 and 11.18 MPa. Bond strength of IDS/SE group had a significantly higher mean than DDS group (3.14 MPa) (P < .05). There were no significance in the mean shear bond strength between IDS/SB (4.11 MPa) and DDS group. Evaluation of failure patterns indicates that most failures in the control group and IDS/SE groups were mixed, whereas failures in the DDS were interfacial. CONCLUSION. When preparing teeth for indirect ceramic restoration, IDS with $Clearfil^{TM}$ SE Bond results in improved shear bond strength compared with DDS.