• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.201-201
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• 2010

The evaporative desalination system with solar energy would be the efficient and attractive method to get fresh water. This study was described the development of Multi Effect Distillation(MED) with solar energy desalination system. The system was designed and manufactured Multi effect distillation on the capacity of $3m^3$/day. The experimental apparatus consists mainly of ejector pump, Hot water pump, flow meter, demister, cooler, evaporator and condenser. Evaporator and condenser were made Shell&Tube Heat Exchanger type with corrugated tube. The experimental variables were chosen $75^{\circ}C$ for hot water inlet temperature, 40, 60 and $80{\ell}$/min for hot water inlet volume flow rate, 6.0 and $8.0{\ell}$/min for evaporator feed seawater flow rate, $18^{\circ}C$ for sea water inlet temperature to cover the average sea water temperature and the salinity of sea water is measured about 33,000 PPM (parts per million). for a year in Korea. This study was analyzed the results of thermal performance of Multi Effect Distillation. The results are as follows, The experimental Multi effect distillation is required about 40 kW heat source for production of $3m^3$/day fresh water. Various operating flow rate was confirm in the experiments to get the optimum design data and the results showed that the optimum total flow was $8.0{\ell}$/min. Comparison of Single Effect Distillation with Multi Effect Distillation showed MED is at least more than double of SED.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.529-541
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• 2017

A multi-effect air gap membrane distillation (ME-AGMD) module for pesticide wastewater treatment is studied with internal heat recovery, sensible heat of brine recovery, number of stages and the use of fresh feed as cooling water in a single module is implemented in this study. A flat sheet polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE) membrane was used in the 4-stage ME-AGMD module. The maximum value of permeate flux could reach $38.62L/m^2h$ at feed -coolant water temperature difference about $52^{\circ}C$. The performance parameter of the module like, specific energy consumption and gain output ratio (GOR) was investigated for the module with and without heat recovery. Also, the module performance was characterized with respect to the separation efficiency of several important water quality parameters. The removal efficiency of the module was found to be >98.8% irrespective water quality parameters. During the experiment the membrane fouling was caused due to the deposition of the salt/crystal on the membrane surface. The membrane fouling was controlled by membrane module washing cycle 9 h and also by acidification of the feed water (pH=4) using 0.1M HCl solution.

• 에너지공학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.123-132
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• 1993

알콜 발효액으로부터 순수 에탄올을 분리하기 위하여 이용되는 증류공정에 대한 에너지 절약형 모델이 여러 가지 제시되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이들 중 개발가능성이 가장 높은 가압-감압 증류공정의 설계를 위한 컴퓨터 프로그램을 개발하고 이를 이용하여 증류탑의 최적 운전 조건을 규명하였을 뿐만 아니라 가압-감압 증류공정 및 상압증류 공정에 대한 고정 비용 및 분리 에너지 비용을 비교, 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 고려한 운전 압력은 상압 증류 공정인 경우 760 mmHg, 가압-감압 증류 공정인 경우 3103-760 mmHg, 31034-450mmHg, 및 3130-160 mmHg이였다. 각 운전압력에서 년간 고정비용과 년간 에너지 소비 비용의 합이 최소가 되는 최적 환류비는 운전압력이 상압일때는 3.8554, 가압-감압이 3130-760 mmHg일 때는 3.7475, 2.9111, 가압-감압이 3130-450 mmHg일 때는 3.8814, 2.9712, 가압-감압이 3103-160 mmHg일 때는 3.0783과 2.2400 이였다. 또한 가압-감압 증류공정에 소요되는 에너지 비용은 상압증류공정에 대하여 가압-감압 운전압력이 3103-760 mmHg인 경우에는 45.4%. 운전압력이 3130-450 mmHg인 경우에는 46.9%, 운전압력이 3103-160 mmHg인 경우에는 42%에 불과하였다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2004

A study of the propeny and performance effect of Indolene - Methanol Plus High Alcolhols (MPHA) has been completed. This study invested the measurement of fuel properties and performance parameters. The fuel properties investigated are distillation characteristics, heating valuer flash point, specific gravity and water tolerance. The performance parameters measured are minimum advance for best torque (MBT) spark timing, power output. The alcohol concentration was varied from 0 to 100 percent by volume in clear Indolene. The measurement of fuel properties indicated that, in general, Indolene - MPHA blends have higher water tolerance, similar specific gravity, similar flash point and different distillation characteristics compared to Indolene - Methanol blends. The performance parameters were measured using a single cylinder spark ignition engine at different compression ratios. The results of the performance measurements indicated that Indolene - MPHA blends have a higher MBT spark advance, similar power output.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2013

소형디젤 발전기의 배기가스는 양적 및 질적 수준에서 유용하게 활용되기에는 부족한 폐열원으로 간주된다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 이러한 배기가스의 폐열을 히트파이프에 의해 회수하고 다중효용확산 증발에 의해 효율적으로 열을 이용하는 해수담수기를 제안하였다. 제안한 증류기는 $171^{\circ}C$의 배기가스에서 52 W 의 폐열을 회수할 수 있고, 이 회수 열량 중 약 85%가 약 70 g/h의 담수를 생산할 수 있는 유용한 열량으로 사용된다. 이 결과는 50cc, 4 행정 엔진을 가진 극소형 발전기의 폐열에 대하여 단효용 장치의 실험값이므로, 10 중효용으로 구성할 경우 약 500 g/h 의 성능을 가질 수 있는 것으로 계산되었다. 따라서 본 증류기는 전기와 담수가 동시에 부족한 지역에서 실제 필요한 식수량을 확보할 수 있는 소용량 담수화장치로 유용하게 활용될 수 있다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2018

Gasoline that meets the quality standards is distributed in Korea. However, consumers who use toluene or solvent mixed with gasoline have appeared due to rising crude oil prices and for the purpose of tax evasion. Gasoline quality standard is enacted by the domestic and international research reference. A wrong fuel can influence automobile performance or environmental issue. Thus, empirical data from this issue is necessary. Therefore, this research observed catalyst influence by gasoline property change and inspect influence of environment. In this study, fuel property evaluation, lean-burn evaluation, and real vehicle exhaust emission test were performed. In the result of fuel property, the fuel "A" was measured to be up to 27% less octane than the normal gasoline and the distillation property was measured 24% higher than normal gasoline. In the test result of single cylinder engine lean-burn test, the fuels "A" and "B" show torque value 20% less than the normal gasoline. As a result of vehicle test using the catalyst, the fuel "A" was increased more than the normal gasoline with 83% THC, 1,806% CO and 128% NOx, and the fuel "B" was increased more than normal gasoline with 1.6% THC, 391% CO and 142% NOx.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2010

Objective：Gagam-Gongjin-dan (GGD) is an oriental medicinal prescription composited with Cervi parvum Cornu, Corni Fructus, Angelica Gigantis Radix, Lycii Fructus, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Citri Pericarpium, Gastrodiae Rihzoma, Agastachis Herba, Cassiae cortex, Scutellariae Radix and Schisandrae Fructus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of GGD extract against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury in mice. Methods：GGD extract was prepared by extracting with methanol for 7 days. The extract was freeze-dried following filtration through vacuum distillation system. The first, we investigated the antioxidant effects of GGD extract on electronic donating ability (DPPH), nitrite (NO) scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity. The next, we investigated the possible hepatoprotective effect of GGD extract administration against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. Mice were orally administrated with or without GGD extract of different doses (25-100 mg/kg/day) one times per day for 6 days. After 3 days, APAP was orally applied with a single dose (400 mg/kg). Results：GGD extract increased DPPH, NO and SOD-like activities in dose dependant. APAP treatment significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in plasma. Also, APAP treatment significantly evaluated lipid peroxidation product thiobarbituric reacting substances (TBARS) and depleted some antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, d-aminolevulinate dehydratase and gluthathione peroxidase activities) in liver homogenates compared to the control group. However, the orally administration of GGD extract was able to counteract these effects. Histological studies provided supportive evidence for biochemical analysis Conclusions：These results suggest that GGD extract has a potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect against APAP-induced liver injury, these properties may contribute to liver disease care.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2012

Objective : Myeongganbo (MGB) composited with Hovenia Semen, Puerariae Radix and Dioscoreae Rhizoma is the prescription for protection of liver function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of MGB extract against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury in mice. Methods : MGB extract was prepared by extracting with hot distilled water. The extract was freeze-dried following filtration through vacuum distillation system. Mice fasted for overnight were orally administrated with or without MGB extract of different doses (25-200 mg/kg/day). After 30 min, APAP was orally applied with a single dose (400 mg/kg). The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured in plasmas of mice. Glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase GSH-px), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) level were investigated in liver homogenates. Liver sections were stained with haematoxylin & eosin, anti-TNF-${\alpha}$ and anti-mouse COX-2 antibodies. Results : APAP treatment remarkably increased AST and ALT activities in plasma but inhibited GSH and GSH-px levels in liver homogenates. Also, liver injury was significantly accelerated by APAP treatment. Furthermore, APAP remarkably elevated COX-2 activity and TNF-${\alpha}$ levels in liver homogenates. However, administration of MGB extract was able to counteract these effects. Histological studies provided supportive evidence for biochemical and molecular analysis Conclusions : These results suggest that MGB extract has potent hepatoprotective effect against APAP-induced liver injury, these properties may contribute to liver disease care.