• 제목/요약/키워드: Simple Sequence Repeats

검색결과 90건 처리시간 0.031초

Mining and analysis of microsatellites in human coronavirus genomes using the in-house built Java pipeline

  • Umang, Umang;Bharti, Pawan Kumar;Husain, Akhtar
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.35.1-35.9
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    • 2022
  • Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats are motifs of 1 to 6 nucleotides in length present in both coding and non-coding regions of DNA. These are found widely distributed in the whole genome of prokaryotes, eukaryotes, bacteria, and viruses and are used as molecular markers in studying DNA variations, gene regulation, genetic diversity and evolutionary studies, etc. However, in vitro microsatellite identification proves to be time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, the present research has been focused on using an in-house built java pipeline to identify, analyse, design primers and find related statistics of perfect and compound microsatellites in the seven complete genome sequences of coronavirus, including the genome of coronavirus disease 2019, where the host is Homo sapiens. Based on search criteria among seven genomic sequences, it was revealed that the total number of perfect simple sequence repeats (SSRs) found to be in the range of 76 to 118 and compound SSRs from 01 to10, thus reflecting the low conversion of perfect simple sequence to compound repeats. Furthermore, the incidence of SSRs was insignificant but positively correlated with genome size (R2 = 0.45, p > 0.05), with simple sequence repeats relative abundance (R2 = 0.18, p > 0.05) and relative density (R2 = 0.23, p > 0.05). Dinucleotide repeats were the most abundant in the coding region of the genome, followed by tri, mono, and tetra. This comparative study would help us understand the evolutionary relationship, genetic diversity, and hypervariability in minimal time and cost.

SSR-Primer Generator: A Tool for Finding Simple Sequence Repeats and Designing SSR-Primers

  • Hong, Chang-Pyo;Choi, Su-Ryun;Lim, Yong-Pyo
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.189-193
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    • 2011
  • Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are ubiquitous short tandem duplications found within eukaryotic genomes. Their length variability and abundance throughout the genome has led them to be widely used as molecular markers for crop-breeding programs, facilitating the use of marker-assisted selection as well as estimation of genetic population structure. Here, we report a software application, "SSR-Primer Generator " for SSR discovery, SSR-primer design, and homology-based search of in silico amplicons from a DNA sequence dataset. On submission of multiple FASTA-format DNA sequences, those analyses are batch processed in a Java runtime environment (JRE) platform, in a pipeline, and the resulting data are visualized in HTML tabular format. This application will be a useful tool for reducing the time and costs associated with the development and application of SSR markers.

조팝나무의 유전적 다양성과 집단구조 분석을 위한 ISSR 분석 (Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora by Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats)

  • 허만규
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제19권9호
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    • pp.1183-1189
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    • 2009
  • 조팝나무는 목본이며 약용으로 매우 중요하며 우리나라 산림청 지정 보호수종이다. 이 속내 7집단에서 85개체에 대해 ISSR (inter simple sequence repeats) 마커로 이들 집단에 대한 유전적 변이와 집단구조를 조사하였다. 65개의 다형성 좌위와 78개 ISSR 유전자형을 얻었다. 덕유산 집단과 능동산 집단에는 1개체 이상 공유하는 유전자형이 포함되어 있었다. 전체 유전적 다양도는 종수준과 집단수준에서 각각 0.293과 0.183이였다. 집단의 분화($G_{ST}$)는 0.373으로 나타났다. 따라서 전체 변이의 37.3%는 집단 간에 있었다. ISSR 마커로 한국 내 조팝나무 집단의 분화는 잘 분리되어 ISSR로 조팝나무 집단 연구에 유익하며 유전적 다양도와 집단구조의 통찰은 종보전에 대한 기초 정보로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Genotyping of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli by DNA fragment analysis for the differences in simple sequence repeats

  • Han, Mi Na;Byeon, Hyeon Seop;Han, Seong Tae;Jang, Rae Hoon;Kim, Chang Seop;Choi, Seok Hwa
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.257-262
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    • 2018
  • Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) causes severe economic losses in the poultry farms, due to systemic infections leading to lethal colisepticemia. It causes a variety of diseases from air sac infection to systemic spread leading to septicemia. Secondary infection contains opportunistic infections due to immunosuppression disease. Collibacillosis causes the great problems in the poultry industry in Korea. Thus, it is necessary to identify and classify the characteristics of E. coli isolate of chicken origin to confirm the diversity of symptoms and whether they are transmitted among the farms. Fragment analysis is identify the difference in the number of Variable-Number Tandem-Repeats (VNTRs) for genotyping. VNTRs have repeating structure (Microsatellite, Short tandem repeats; STR, Simple sequence repeats; SSR) in the chromosome. This region can be used as a genetic marker because of its high mutation rate. And various lengths of the amplified DNA fragment cause the difference in the number of repetition of the DNA specific site. The number of repetition sequences indicates the separated size of fragments, so the each fragments can be distinguished by specific samples. The results of the sample show that there is no difference in six microsatellite loci (yjiD, aidB, molR_1, ftsZ, b1668, yibA). There are differences among the farms in relation of the number of repetitions of other six microsatellite loci (ycgW, yaiN, yiaB, mhpR, b0829, caiF). Four (ycgW, yiaB, b0829, caiF) of these six microsatellite loci show statistically significant differences (P<0.05). It means that the analysis using four microsatellite loci including ycgW, yiaB, b0829, and caiF can confirm among the farms. Five E. coli samples in one farm have same SSR repetition at all markers. But, there are significant differences from other farms at Four (ycgW, yiaB, b0829, caiF) microsatellite loci. These results emphasize again that the four microsatellite loci makes a difference in the amplified DNA fragments, enabling it to be used for E. coli genotyping.

산느타리(Pleurotus pulmonarius) 품종의 초위성체(simple sequence repeats) 특성구명 (Characterization of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in Pleurotus pulmonarius cultivars)

  • 최종인;나경숙;오민지;류재산
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.341-346
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    • 2021
  • 국내의 주요 산느타리 품종인 호산47(일핵, 산타리 배우자), GB19(일핵, 산타리 배우자), 호산, 여름느타리1호, 삼복, 강산, 약산, 자산, 향산, 여름느타리2호의 유전체를 Hiseq을 이용하여 해독하였고 이 서열 정보에서 SSR을 분리하여 특성구명을 하였다. 일핵균사인 호산 47, GB19의 유전체의 크기는 각각 37.3와 37.2 Mbp이고, 이핵균사인 나머지 산느타리 품종의 유전체 크기는 47.1~61.1 Mbp인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 품종별 총 SSR의 수는 HS47이 711개로 가장 적고, 강산이(GS)이 1.5배 많은 1,106개로 최다를 기록하였다. SSR의 repeat motif 중에서 hexanucleotide와 octanucleotide가 가장 많은 빈도로 관찰되었고, 가장 많이 관찰되는 반복서열은 CGA/TCG, A/T, CTC/GAG이었다. SSR의 길이는 모든 품종에서 변이가 많아 유용성이 높은 20~30 nt가 가장 높은 비중인 70%를 차지하였다.

녹조류 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii의 (CA/GT)n Simple Sequence Repeat DNA 다형현상 ((CA/GT)n Simple Sequence Repeat DNA Polymorphism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)

  • 강태진;양덕춘
    • 식물조직배양학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.113-117
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    • 1997
  • Simple sequence repeats (SSR)는 진핵생물체에 널리 산재되어 있으며, 큰 다형현상을 나타내고, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)으로 쉽게 분석된다. 이 연구의 목적은 서로 다른 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii계통간의 다형현상과 Chlamydomonas의 SSR 좌위에서의 유전양상을 결정하는데 있었다. C. reinhardtii의 genomic DNA library를 만들어 $^{32}$P로 라벨링한 (AC)$_{11}$ probe를 이용하여 (CA/GT)n 반복서열을 가지는 clone을 선택하기위해 screen하였다. 선택된 clone을 sequencing하여 (CA/GT)n sequence에 인접한 PCR primer set를 제조하였다. PCR은 여러 C. reinhardtii 계통의 SSR 좌위를 증폭하기 위하여 사용하였다. 그 좌위는 및몇 C. reinhardtii 계통에서 다형현상을 보였다. 그러나 그 좌위에서 C. reinhardtii의 6계통중 4계통만 DNA가 PCR 증폭을 하였고 2계통은 증폭을 하지 않았다. C. reinhardtii와 C. smithii의 교배로 생긴 4배체에서 2:2의 분리비를 보여주었는데, 이는 단순한 멘델의 유전양상을 나타낸다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 SSR 다형현상은 Chlamydomonas의 개체 식별, 개체군 연구, 연쇄 분석, 그리고 유전자 지도 작성을 하는데 유용할 것이다.다.

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구상나무에 있어서 Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats Marker의 유전양식(遺傳樣式) (Mendelian Inheritance of Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats Markers in Abies Koreans Wilson)

  • 홍용표;조경진;김용율;신은명
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제87권3호
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    • pp.422-428
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    • 1998
  • 구상나무 개체목으로부터 채취한 48개의 배유조직을 이용해서 PCR 방법에 의해 생성된 inter-simple sequence repeats(I-SSR) 표지자를 분석했다. 예비실험에서 6개의 배유조직을 이용해서 35개의 primer를 검색했으며, 그들 중에서 PCR 반응이 가장 잘되는 19개 primer를 선정해서 48개 배유조직을 이용한 본 실험에 사용했다. 카이자승 검정 결과, 19개 primer에 의해 증폭된 51개의 증폭산물이 5% 유의 수준에서 멘델의 분리비(1:1)에 따라 차대에 유전됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 멘델 유전자좌로 확인된 51개 표지자들의 게놈내 분포양상을 확인하기 위해서 연관분석을 수행한 결과, 51개 유전자좌들이 상호간에 서로 연관되어있지 않은 것으로 확인되어 이들이 전체 게놈상에 고르게 분포하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 관찰된 51개 유전자좌들이 게놈상에 고르게 분포하고 있다는 특성 때문에 게놈상의 특정부위에 편중되지 않은 유전정보를 얻을 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 즉, 기존의 RAPD 표지자들 중 상당수가 독립적인 연관군을 형성하는 것으로 알려져 있기 때문에 이들 연관군이 위치한 특정 부위의 DNA를 증폭하여 분석하는 RAPD 표지자에 비해서 I-SSR 표지자들이 유전 다양성을 추정하는데 더 유용한 표지자로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 이들 표지자들이 독립적인 진화의 과정을 겪을 것으로 기대되기 때문에 cladistic 방법에 의해 진화적 유연관계를 추정하는데 더 적합한 표지자로 생각된다.

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Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR)-Based Gene Diversity in Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei

  • Song, Han;Hwang, Junghyun;Myung, Jaehee;Seo, Hyoseok;Yi, Hyojeong;Sim, Hee-Sun;Kim, Bong-Su;Nierman, William C.;Kim, Heenam Stanley
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.237-241
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    • 2009
  • Pathogens Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bp) and Burkholderia mallei (Bm) contain a large number (> 12,000) of Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs). To study the extent to which these features have contributed to the diversification of genes, we have conducted comparative studies with nineteen genomes of these bacteria. We found 210 genes with characteristic types of SSR variations. SSRs with nonamer repeat units were the most abundant, followed by hexamers and trimers. Amino acids with smaller and nonpolar R-groups are preferred to be encoded by the variant SSRs, perhaps due to their minimal impacts to protein functionality. A majority of these genes appears to code for surface or secreted proteins that may directly interact with the host factors during pathogenesis or other environmental factors. There also are others that encode diverse functions in the cytoplasm, and this protein variability may reflect an extensive involvement of phase variation in survival and adaptation of these pathogens.

Genome Research on Peach and Pear

  • Hayashi, Tateki;Yamamoto, Toshiya
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.45-52
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    • 2002
  • A lot of SSRs (simple sequence repeats) in peach and pear from enriched genomic libraries and in peach from a cDNA library were developed. These SSRs were applied to other related species, giving phenograms of 52 Prunes and 60 pear accessions. Apple SSRs could also be successfully used in Pyrus spp. Thirteen morphological traits were characterized on the basis of the linkage map obtained from an $F_2$ population of peach. This map was compiled with those morphological markers and 83 DNA markers, including SSR markers used as anchor loci, to compare different peach maps. Molecular markers tightly linked to new root-knot nematode resistance genes were also found. A linkage map including disease related genes, pear scab resistance and black spot susceptibility, in the Japanese pear Kinchaku were constructed using 118 RAPD markers. Another linkage map, of the European pear Bartlett, was also constructed with 226 markers, including 49 SSRs from pear, apple, peach and cherry. Maps of other Japanese pear cultivars, i.e., Kousui and Housui, were also constructed. These maps were the first results of pear species.

The complete chloroplast genome of Campsis grandiflora (Bignoniaceae)

  • PARK, Jongsun;XI, Hong
    • 식물분류학회지
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    • 제52권3호
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    • pp.156-172
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    • 2022
  • Campsis grandiflora (Thunb.) K. Schum is an ornamental species with various useful biological effects. The chloroplast genome of C. grandiflora isolated in Korea is 154,293 bp long (GC ratio: 38.1%) and has four subregions: 84,121 bp of large single-copy (36.2%) and 18,521 bp of small single-copy (30.0%) regions are separated by 24,332 bp of inverted repeat (42.9%) regions including 132 genes (87 protein-coding genes, eight rRNAs, and 37 tRNAs). One single-nucleotide polymorphism and five insertion and deletion (INDEL) regions (40-bp in total) were identified, indicating a low level of intraspecific variation in the chloroplast genome. All five INDEL regions were linked to the repetitive sequences. Seventy-two normal simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 47 extended SSRs were identified to develop molecular markers. The phylogenetic trees of 29 representative Bignoniaceae chloroplast genomes indicate that the tribe-level phylogenic relationship is congruent with the findings of previous studies.