• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.239-246
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• 2014

Many kinds of membrane have been used for the guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique. However, most membranes do not fulfill all requirements for the ideal membrane for the GBR technique. Among them, collagen membrane has been most widely used. However, its high price and weak tensile strength in wet condition are limitations for wide clinical application. Synthetic polymers have also been used for the GBR technique. Recently, silk based membrane has been considered as a membrane for the GBR technique. Despite many promising preclinical data for use of a silk membrane, clinical data regarding the silk membrane has been limited. However, silk based material has been used clinically as vessel-tie material and an electrospun silk membrane was applied successfully to patients. No adverse effect related to the silk suture has been reported. Considering that silk membrane can be provided to patients at a cheap price, its clinical application should be encouraged.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.62-70
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• 1994

Silk fibroin was dissolved in 9.3 M LiBr aqueous solution at 4$0^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour. The dissolved silk fibroin was regenerated by casting the dialyzed solution into the membrane. The freshly prepared silk fibroin membrane was soluble in water and was. mainly consisted of random coil conformation. By the treatments in saturated water vapor at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and in 75% ethanolic aqueous solution (V/V), the insoluble membranes were obtained and the structure and morphology of those were investigated for the structure by means of X-ray diffraction analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis. Rheovibron and scanning electron micrograph. Silk II type crystals were obtained by treating amorphous silk fibroin membrane in the random coil conformtion with 75% ethanol solution(V/V). Crystallization to silk II type crystals occured even after a few minutes, and a large number of silk II type crystals were formed after 30 mins. On the other and, the membrane treated in saturated water vapor was composed of the mixtures of silk I and silk II type crystals. A large number of silk I and silk II type crystals were formed after 24 hours. The micro brownian motion in the amorphous regions of silk fibroin membrane started at about 175~185$^{\circ}C$. $\alpha$ dispersion appeared at about 20$0^{\circ}C$ in the amorphous membrane, and at about 22$0^{\circ}C$ in the crystalline membrane. The crystallization of random coil conformation to silkII type crystals occured at about 215$^{\circ}C$. The surface, bottom and cross-section of the membranes were observed by scanning electrom microscope. Fine forms alike spherulites appeared at the surface of crystalline membrane.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.175-179
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• 2010

Silk fibroin membrane was prepared and examined to know the feasibility of SF membrane as guided bone regeneration. The morphology of silk membrane was flat and smooth surface. The conformation of silk fibroin was $\beta$-sheet structure. When the silk membrane was applied on the rat calvarial defect model, it showed significantly higher new bone formation than uncovered control in histomorphometric analysis. The silk membrane was covered by thin fibrotic tissue and there was not observed any inflammatory cells infiltration. In conclusion, silk fibroin membrane could be useful materials for guided bone regeneration.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.72-76
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• 1994

The permselectivity of alkali metal chlorides through silk fibroin membrane was investigated at $25^{\circ}C$: The Permeability coefficients were found to increase in a sequence of LiCl < NaCl < KCl < CsCl. This sequence was explained by considering the partition and the hydrophilic membrane. The dependence of the permeability on the salts concentration was interpreted by means of TMS theory. The ionic mobility ratio of alkali metal chlorides through this membrane decreased with the increase of the Stokes radius. The Effectiveness of the charged density was found to depend on the ionic species. The greater the Stokes radius the larger the effective charge density of membrane.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.197-200
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• 2013

실크는 천연고분자 단백질로 생체친화적이며, 최근 조직공학 연구가 활성화 되면서 각광받는 생체재료이다. 하지만 실크 단독으로 실크막을 제작하였을 때, 얇은 막은 투명도가 있지만 두께가 두꺼워지게 되면 실크막은 매우 불투명한 막으로 바뀌게 된다. 인체조직에서 사용되는 막중 각막이나 뇌경막 등 투명도가 반드시 필요한 생체막에 실크막을 이용하기 위해서는 실크막의 투명도가 반드시 요구된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 실크 피브로인 수용액에 다양한 무기염류와 고분자물질을 혼합하여 혼합 실크막을 제작하고 그 투명도를 분석하였다. 제작된 혼합 실크막은 혼합된 물질에 따라 투명도가 매우 달랐다. 무기 염류가 혼합된 실크막의 경우 고분자물질과 혼합된 실크막에 비해 더 투명도가 높았으며, 특히 염화칼슘이 혼합된 실크막의 투명도는 매우 투명하였다. 따라서, 각막 등 완벽한 투명도를 요구하는 생체막으로 실크막을 사용할 수 있는 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. 향후 혼합 실크막의 물리적 특성 규명을 통해 좀 더 물성이 개선된다면, 투명한 실크막이 다양한 용도로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.32-37
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was (1) to demonstrate the anti-microbial properties of 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR) loaded silk mat and (2) comparison of bone formation between 4HR incorporated silk mat and collagen membrane. Anti-microbial properties of 4HR incorporated silk mat was done after sterilization of silk mat (autoclaving and ethylene oxide gas). For the evaluation of bone formation, bilateral bony defects (size: 8 mm) were prepared in the parietal bone of the rabbits (n=10). 4HR incorporated silk mat (size: $10{\times}10mm$) was applied on the right defect. For the comparative purpose, the same size of commercial collagen membrane was applied on the left defect. The anti-microbial properties of 4HR incorporated silk mat were maintained after sterilization process. When compared bone mineral density and bone volume, there was no statistically significant difference between groups at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after operation (p>0.05). In conclusion, 4HR incorporated silk mat could be autoclaved without concern of anti-microbial properties loss. In addition, 4HR incorporated silk mat showed similar bone regeneration to collagen membrane. Therefore, 4HR incorporated silk mat might be considered for the application of open membrane technique.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2012

실크는 생체적합성이 우수하며, 기계적 강도가 좋고, 낮은 면역 거부반응과 다양한 형태로의 성형이 가능한 장점을 갖는 천연고분자이다. 그러나 실크는 물이나 일반적인 용매에 쉽게 용해되지 않는다. 본 연구에서는 실크 피브로인의 용해조건에 따른 실크 생체막의 특성 변화를 관찰하기위하여, 실크 함유량과 실크 용해시간을 달리하여 실크 피브로인 수용액을 만들고 이를 이용하여 실크 생체막을 제작하였다. 제작된 실크 생체막의 형태, 구조, 기계적강도 등과 같은 특징을 관찰 하였다. 비록 각 실크 생체막에 함유된 피브로인의 함량이 같을 지라도 생체막의 두께와 투명도에는 커다란 차이를 보였다. 하지만 실크 피브로인 용액의 분자량과 생체막의 형태에 있어서의 변화는 거의 없었다. 본 연구는 실크 피브로인의 용해조건에 따라 실크 생체막의 유연성, 강도, 투명도 등의 다양한 특성을 조절할 수 있다는 것을 보여주었으며, 최적의 실크생체막 제작 조건을 확립하였으므로, 향후 실크를 이용한 의료용품 개발에 많은 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제41권
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• pp.16.1-16.6
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• 2019

Background: Silk mats have been approved for clinical trials by the Korean Food and Drug Administration as membranes for guided tissue regeneration (GTR). In this study, silk mat application was compared to high-density polytetrafluoroethylene (dPTFE) membrane application or no membrane group. Methods: To compare the silk mat group to the dPTFE group or the no membrane group, a retrospective sample collection was conducted. Bony defects were measured at the time of extraction (T0) and then at 3 months (T1) and 6 months after extraction (T2) on a digital panoramic view. Bone gain (BG) was calculated by subtracting from the bony defect at T0 to the bony defect at each follow-up. Results: The BG at T2 was 2.44 ± 2.49 mm, 4.18 ± 1.80 mm, and 4.24 ± 2.05 mm in the no membrane group, silk mat group, and dPTFE group, respectively. Both membrane groups had significantly higher BG than BG in the no membrane group at T2 (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Both membrane groups showed higher BG than the no membrane group.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.322-325
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• 2013

In the present study, we report that the selection of operation mode is important to take the full advantage of nanofibrous membrane in enzyme immobilization. Silk fibroin nanofibrous membrane has been prepared by electrospinning, and a-chymotrypsin was immobilized as a model enzyme. When the immobilized enzyme was operated in the membrane reactor mode, the Michaelis constant, Km, was lower and the Vmax was higher compared to the batch reactor mode. No concentration gradient was observed in the membrane reactor mode and the immobilized enzyme was stable even after 7 times of re-use. Our results suggests that the enzyme immobilized nanofibrous membrane should be operated in the membrane reactor mode rather than in the bath reactor mode.

• 멤브레인
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2022

화석연료의 사용에 따른 지구 온난화 및 기상 이변으로 인하여 온실가스 저감 문제가 대두되고 있으며, 그에 따라 에너지 소모 없이 셀프 쿨링이 가능한 소재에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그 중에서도 실크는 천연 쿨링 소재로 알려져 있으나, 기존의 혼합 공정에서는 실크를 화학적으로 분말화 시키기 때문에 복사 냉각 효과가 사라지는 문제점이 있어, 복사냉각을 위한 필름 또는 코팅제 형태로 제조하는데 어려움을 겪고 있다. 본 연구에서는 실크 피브로인의 고유구조를 훼손하지 않는 물리적 분쇄 공정을 거친 실크 분말을 사용하여 다양한 형태의 막을 제조하고, 코팅제로서의 적용가능성을 살펴보고자 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 실크 피브로인 분말이 도입된 전기방사 복합막 및 평막 형태의 복합막을 제조하였으며, 용액의 점도가 막 제조 및 제조된 막의 물성에 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 관찰하였다.