• Title/Summary/Keyword: Silent letter

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Phonological Activation in Multi-syllabic Word Recognition (다음절 단어재인에 있어서 음운적 활성화)

  • Lee, Chang-H.;Nam, Ki-Chun
    • Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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    • 2004.10d
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    • pp.225-228
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    • 2004
  • English has words that have a silent letter in their letter strings (e.g., knowledge). Such words provide an opportunity of investigating the role of phonological information in multi-syllabic words by comparing them to words that do not have the silent letter in the corresponding position (e.g., available). Stimuli that excluded a silent letter (e.g., _nowledge) were processed faster than those that excluded a sounding letter (e.g., _vailable) in the lexical decision task. The evidence from this experiment provides seminal evidence of phonological recoding in multi-syllabic word recognition

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Case Study on the Legal Effects of Letters of Intent (양해사항확인장의 법적 효력에 관한 사례 연구)

  • Choi, Myung-Kook
    • THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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    • v.32
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    • pp.3-27
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    • 2006
  • The Pennzoil case and the SME case illustrate the difficulties which originate from inadequate drafting of letters of intent. In both cases the judges had to face the crucial question as to whether or not a given letter of intent had a binding nature; they had in other words to decide whether the wills expressed in such letters still belonged to the pre-contractual stage, or whether their incorporation into a pre-contractual document meant that negotiations were over and binding obligations had already arisen for the parties. In other words, some problems may occur when a party has documented a stage in the negotiations by letters of intent. The letters may well explicitly spell out if, and to what extent, the parties should be bound by what they have already agreed or to carry on negotiations in order to reach the final contract. But if the letters are silent, some problems would arise. Contracting parties are, therefore, well advised to spell out if, and to what extent, they should be bound by such preliminary agreements. Here again, it might be prudent to explicitly set forth that the parties should not be bound until there is a final written contract signed by authorized representatives of the parties but that they shall abstain from such measures which may defeat their stated objective to reach final agreement, e.g. by diminishing the value of performance under the contemplated contract.

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The Role of Phonological Information in Korean Monosyllabic Word Processing (한글 일음절 단어처리에서의 음운정보의 역할)

  • 김연희;이창환
    • Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.35-41
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    • 2004
  • The letter delay task using monosyllabic words has been employed in order to investigate whether Korean word is processed by the phonological route, and to investigate which stage this phonological information affects word recognition. Two main conditions were delaying a sounding letter( $\rightarrow$향), and delaying a silent letter( $\rightarrow$양). Experiment 1 was the naming task with the SOAs of 150㎳ and 250㎳ in order to investigate whether the phonological information affects the early stages, or the later stages of word recognition. The results showed that the interaction between the phonological value condition and the presence/absence of the prime was significant under the 150㎳ SOA, but not under 250㎳ SOA. Experiment 2 was conducted in order to generalize the results of Experiment 1 in the lexical decision task. The results showed the similar pattern as the Experiment 1. These experiments indicate that Korean words are processed by the phonological route, and the phonological information plays roles in the early stages of word recognition.

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SNR-Based Selective Relaying Scheme in Wireless Networks (무선 네트워크에서의 SNR기반 선택적 전달 기법)

  • Ju, MinChul;Kwon, Tai-Gil;Cho, Jin-Woong
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.369-371
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    • 2015
  • In this letter, we analyze the outage performance of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)-based selective relaying in a relay network, where the relay terminal may retransmit the received signal or remain silent based on the received SNR of the link from the source to the relay. For the proposed relaying scheme, we derive the exact outage probability.