• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.381-387
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• 2007

In this paper, crashworthiness of the EMU carbody of Incheon Metro is numerically evaluated against two types of overhead line structures (headspan and portal-type). The material of the EMU carbody is stainless steel (SUS301L), and that of the overhead line structures is the structural steel (SS400). The EMU carbody is analyzed under collision conditions, such as upright side-on impact, side-on roof impact and angled roof impact scenarios, to be collided against the headspan type or the portal type at the speed of 64.4km/h, respectively. It is concluded from the numerical results that the overhead line structures will not do so much harm to the EMU carbody of Incheon Metro for various collisions caused by derailment. Furthermore, the overhead line structure of the portal type is superior to that of the headspan type in the crashworthy point of view.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.259-272
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• 2001

The impact behavior of a multigirder concrete bridge under single and multiple moving vehicles is studied based on correlated road surface characteristics. The bridge structure is modeled as grillage beam system. A 3D nonlinear vehicle model with eleven degrees of freedom is utilized according to the HS20-44 truck design loading in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) specifications. A triangle correlation model is introduced to generate four classes of longitudinal road surface roughness as multi-correlated random processes along deck transverse direction. On the basis of a correlation length of approximately half the bridge width, the upper limits of impact factors obtained under confidence level of 95 percent and side-by-side three-truck loading provide probability-based evidence for the evaluation of AASHTO specifications. The analytical results indicate that a better transverse correlation among road surface roughness generally leads to slightly higher impact factors. Suggestions are made for the routine maintenance of this type of highway bridges.

• 오토저널
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.45-53
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• 1995

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2015년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.75-76
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• 2015

This study has examined the impact resistance and blast resistance characteristics of HPFRCC as a research on impact resistance and blast resistance characteristics using high volume mortar and high velocity projectile for evaluating the protection performance of actual buildings as small quantity experiment of laboratory conditions is performed although there was an instance of performing research on mortar that has reinforced fiber followed by the rise of problems on the damage of human life and buildings created due to explosion and shock. As a result, the destruction loss area and depth have decreased in case of the surface compared to the rear side. As tensile strength and tenacity have increased with the increased fiber replacing ratio, a tendency of destruction loss area and depth getting decreased was shown as the impact resistance has increased.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 빙해역을 운항하는 선박의 쇄빙시 깨진 해빙에 의해 선수부 좌현 외판에 작용하는 국부 빙하중을 계측한 신호의 특성을 조사하는 것이다. 한국 최초의 쇄빙연구선인 아라온호를 이용하여 2010년 8월초 북극해에서 실선 시험을 수행하여 선수부에 설치된 변형률 게이지로부터 국부적인 빙하중에 의한 신호를 계측하였다. 국부적인 빙하중에 의한 구조 응답 특성을 반영한 계측 신호는 전형적인 유체 충격압에 대한 하중-시간 이력과 다소 다른 특성을 갖는 것도 있음이 파악되었다. 본 연구에서는 계측 신호에 대한 시간 이력을 분석하고, 무차원화된 특성값들로 나타내었다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2002

European side impact analysis of an electric vehicle was done using the robust design method. In order to minimize VC as well as rib deflection, the injury response table which consists of rib deflection and VC response table has been introduced. The sensitivities and interactions are almost the same when it was compared with those of rib deflection and VC response table. Using internal energy of the factors, the starting time of dummy rib deflection and the contact average velocity, the internal energy and time-velocity response table were introduced. It is shown that the results of the new response tables have the similar characteristics to those of the Injury response table. It is suggested that the internal energy and time-velocity response table should be utilized to minimize injuries.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2003

For the weight reduction of vehicle body up to 20∼30% compared to the conventional monocoque steel body·.in-white, most automotive manufacturers have attempted to develop the aluminum intensive body-in-white using an aluminum space frame. In this paper, the crush tests and simulations for the aluminum extrusions filled with the structural from are performed to evaluate the collapse characteristics of that light weighted material. From these studies. the effectiveness of structural for is evaluated in improving automotive crashworthiness. In order to improve the improve energy absorption capability of the aluminum space frame body, safety design modifications are performed and analyzed based on the suggested collapse initiator concepts and on the application of the aluminum extrusions filled with structural foam. The effectiveness of these design concepts on the frontal and side impact characteristics of the aluminum intensive vehicle structure is investigated and summarized.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare kinematic data between experts and novices, and identify difference kinematic parameters changing direction to kick in penalty kick of soccer play. Novice subjects were 5 high school students Who has never been experienced a soccer player, and expert subjects were 5 competitive high school soccer players. The 3-d angle was calculated by Euler's Angle by inertial axis and local axis with three-dimensional cinematography. Kinematic parameters in this study consisted of angles of knee joints, hip joints, lower trunk and upper trunk when the support foot was contacted on ground and kicking foot impacted the ball. The difference of angle of knee joints in the flexion/extension was insignificantly showed below $4{\sim}9^{\circ}$ in groups and directions of ball at the time of support and impact. But the difference of angle of hip joint was significant in groups and directions of ball at the time of support and impact. Specially the right hip joint of experts were more flexed about $12^{\circ}$($43.99{\pm}6.17^{\circ}$ at left side, $31.87{\pm}4.49^{\circ}$ at right side), less abducted about $10^{\circ}$ ($-31.27{\pm}4.49^{\circ}$ at left side, $-41.97{\pm}6.67^{\circ}$ at right side) at impact when they kicked a ball to the left side of goalpost. The difference of amplitude angle in the trunk was significantly shown at upper trunk not lower trunk. The upper trunk was external rotated about $30^{\circ}$ (novice' angle was $-16.3{\pm}17.08^{\circ}$, expert's angle was $-43.73{\pm}12.79^{\circ}$) at impact. Therefore the significant difference of kinematic characteristics could be found at the right hip joint and the upper trunk at penalty kick depending on the direction of kicking.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.92-100
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• 2015

본 연구는 폴리비닐 알코올 섬유 및 강섬유를 체적비율로 1.5% 혼입한 고인성 섬유보강 시멘트복합체에 대한 비상체의 고속충돌시험을 실시하고, 충돌조건에 따른 파괴특성을 실험적으로 검토하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 비상체의 충돌에 의한 고인성 섬유보강 시멘트복합체의 파괴특성을 평가하기 위하여 화약압력식 충격시험장치를 활용하였으며, 충돌속도의 범위는 약 150~1,000m/s로 설정하였다. 파괴특성에 대한 평가결과, 고인성 섬유보강 시멘트복합체는 섬유를 혼입하지 않은 Plain시험체의 약 3배 이상의 비상체 운동에너지가 작용하는 범위에서도 표면관입의 파괴등급으로 평가되었으며, 시험체가 파단되지 않는 내충격성능이 확인 되었다. 또한, 충돌시험 전후에 대한 시험체의 질량감소율의 경우, Plain시험체는 비상체의 운동에너지의 증가율과 비례적인 관계를 보였지만, 고인성 섬유보강 시멘트복합체는 비상체의 운동에너지의 영향을 크게 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 이와 같은 경향은 시험체 배면의 파괴특성과 밀접한 관계를 가지며, S시험체에 비해 PVA시험체의 배면박리 억제효율이 큰 것으로 평가되었다. 한편, 국부손상에 대한 표면관입깊이 및 배면박리깊이의 관계를 검토한 결과, 고인성 섬유보강 시멘트복합체는 Plain과 달리 시험체 단면의 중앙선을 기준으로 배면에 가까운 영역에서 배면박리가 발생하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 비상체의 충돌에 대한 고인성 섬유보강 시멘트복합체의 주요 파괴거동이 검토되었으며, Plain과 비교하여 내충격성능의 향상을 명확히 확인하였다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.556-561
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• 2006

Most of auto-body members are composed of stamping parts. These parts have the non-uniform thickness and plastic work hardening distribution during the forming process. This paper is concerned with the side impact analysis of the ULSAB-AVC model according to the US-SINCAP in order to compare the crashworthiness between the model with and without considering the forming effect. The forming effect is ca]ciliated by one-step forming analysis for several members. The crashworthiness is investigated by comparing the deformed shape of the cabin room the energy absorption characteristics and the intrusion velocity of a car. The result of the crash analysis demonstrates that the crash mode, the load-carrying capacity and energy absorption can be affected by the forming effect. It is noted that the design of an autobody should be carried out considering the forming effect for accurate assessment of crashworthiness.