• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.107-114
• /
• 1999

To assess genetic diversity amoug 21 strains from sixleen Frrsn~i~nn species , we used RAPD(rando1n amplified pol.ymorphic DNA) analysis based on PCR(po1ymerase chain reaction). Eleven primers showing Ule polymorphism were chosen from the 40 random pnmers-tcstcd. A total of 263 polymorphic bands were generated by the primers and the size of amplified DNA fragments ranged from 0.1 lo 3.0 kb. Sirnilku-it), coefficients between strains were calcnlatcd, and UPGMA cluster analysis was used to generate a dendrogram showing relationships among them. The results from RAPD-PCR analysis were grouped into four main groups at the si~nilarity level of 0.627.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.110-114
• /
• 2005

Primary leptomeningeal glioblastomatosis is a rare and fatal tumor of the central nervous system, the condition is characterized by diffuse infiltration of the tumor in the meninges without evidence of primary tumor within the brain or spinal cord. We reported an unusual case of leptomengial glioblastomatosis, which was detected by the consecutive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology with application of immunohistochemistry, in addition to its cytologic findings. A healthy 21 year old man, who was enlisted in the army, presented with a stuporous mental state and diffuse enhancement of meninges without evidence of primary mass lesion in the brain and spinal cord on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). CSF cytology showed small loose clusters of tumor cells with single cells and lymphocytes. The tumor showed variable pleomorphism with coarse chromatin, irregular nuclear membranes and multi lobated nuclei. On immunohistochemical staining, the tumor cells were founded to be positive for GFAP. In conjunction with radiologic findings, brain biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of leptomenigeal glioblastomatosis. The use of immunohistochemistry is helpful in confirming CSF cytologic diagnosis in patients with primary leptomeningeal glioblastomatosis.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.99-114
• /
• 2003

This study was performed to determine the effect of social class distribution as measured by lower social class rate on all cause and cause specific mortality in Korea. I obtained data on social class, fiscal autonomy of municipalities, number of medical doctors, region(Si/Gun) from 1955 Korea Census Data and Regional Statistics Data. And all of the data on mortality adjusted for age for 1995 for each district from the National Statistics Office. Lower social class rate ranged from 18.9％ for Kangnam gu to 85.7％ for Imsil gun and age standardized mortality ranged from 385/100,000 population for Kangnam go to 803/100,000 population for Sinan gun. Lower social class showed had a significant correlation with total mortality adjusted for age(r=0.81, p<0.0001). The association of the rate to total mortality remained highly significant after adjusted for number of medical doctors per 1,000 population, fiscal autonomy of municipalities and region(p<0.0001). Effects of the lower social class were also found for neoplasm (p=0.0008)； cardiovascular disease (p<0.0001)； infectious disease(p=0.0115)； respiratory disease(p=0.0085)； gastrointestinal disease(p<0.0001)； accident ＆ poisoning (p<0.0001). The findings suggest that policies that deal with the inequality in social class may have an important impact on the health of the population.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.114-118
• /
• 1966

The glass electrode was empirically calibrated in dioxane-and ethanol-water mixed solvents, by means of which the pH-meter reading could be converted to stoichiometric hydrogen ion concentration. By the potentiometric titration method, the thermodynamic dissociation constants of hydrogen cupferrate (HCup) with variations of ionic concentration in aqueous solution were determined, and by the extrapolation of the constants the new thermodynamic $pK_a$ value, 3.980${\pm}$0.006, at zero ional concentration was obtained. The thermodynamic dissociation constants of HCup in dioxane-and ethanol-water solution were also potentiometrically determined with the changes in composition of organic solvents at 0.01 and 0.05 of the ionic strength(${mu}$) and 25 $^{\circ}C$. The empirical formula of the constants with mole fraction(n) of the organic solvent are as follow: Dioxane-water solution. $pK_a$= 12.96n + 4.10 at ${\mu}$ = 0.01, n = 0.0228∼0.171 $pK_a$= 12.05n + 4.23 at ${\mu}$ = 0.05, n= 0.0228∼0.171 Ethanol-water solution, $pK_a$= 4.0ln + 4.26 at ${\mu}$= 0.01, n= 0.0395∼0.262 $pK_a$= 3.83n + 4.34 at ${\mu}$= 0.05, n= 0.0395∼0.262

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study lies in analyzing the characteristics of the carbonized textile fabrics and to know the carbonizing mechanism. Samples were Jiyo excavated from the grave of Mrs. Hansan Lee as the wife of Jinju Kang at Daeduk-gu, Daejon, and black fragements assumed as of the outside material of cotton skirt and black dusts collected out of Jikryung for official dress. The composition and status of the fiber were clarified by means of Microscopic FT-IR and both cross sectioanl and side parts of the fiber were observed using the technique of scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Finally EDS analysis was carried out to qualitatively analyze inorganic ingredients contained in the carbonized fiber. As a result of FT-IR measurement, characteristic peak was very strong around $1625cm^{-1}$ and could be found even between 2500 and $2300cm^{-1}$ because of a high-molecule pigmental substance, melanine. When SEM photography was applied to the fractions, the tissues were identified as silk fiborine through the observation of their side and cross sectional parts. SEM-EDS measurement indicated that both the cotton skirt and Jikryung for official dress contained a high proportion of inorganic substances such as Si, Ca suggesting the existence of silicide and calcium carbonate.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.107-114
• /
• 2014

Modular systems are widely used in various building types including housing, dormitory, and barracks. Steel studs have many advantages over other materials as construction components of modular buildings in terms of seismic performance, durability and maintenance. However, steel stud modular systems also have weakness in condensation resistance due to high thermal conductivity of steel. The purpose of this study is to investigate the condensation resistance of steel stud wall corner details in modular buildings by thermal simulation. The condensation resistance was evaluated by temperature difference ratio according to ISO 13788. The result showed that there was little difference between the alternatives of adding cavity and insulation. Separation of interstitial steel studs showed outstanding effect on the improvement of temperature difference ratio.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.99-114
• /
• 2021

We examined a current status of damage in biodiversity and its causing factors in Hasidong Anin coastal dune, Gangneung-si, Gangwon province which is designated as ecological and landscape conservation area. In this study, we found that ecosystem and biodiversity have been primarily damaged by anthropogenic factors such as the construction of surrounding area, military facilities illegally dumped garbage and the expansion of windbreak forest. These factors occur to damage the landscape, ecosystem and biodiversity etc. There is a significant lack of basic data needed for preservation and restoration due to the lack of prior research and value assessment. In order to establish solutions for preservation and restoration, it is critical to collect fundamental data and implement value assessments. Therefore, further studies such as ecosystem services assessment, increasing biodiversity, spatial analysis and monitoring of various items related to coastal dunes are needed.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.114-121
• /
• 2001

A circuit model for active-controlled field emitter array(ACFEA) as an electron source of active-controlled field emission display(ACFED) has been proposed. The ACFEA with hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film transistor(a-Si:H TFT) and Spindt-type molibdenum tips (Spindt-Mo FEA) has been fabricated monolithically on the same glass. A-Si:H TFT is used as a control device of field emitters, resulting in stabilizing emission current and lowering driving voltage. The basic model parameters extracted from the electrical characteristics of the fabricated a-Si:H TFT and Spindt-Mo FEA were implemented into the ACFEA model with a circuit simulator SPICE. The accuracy of the equivalent circuit model was verified by comparing the simulated results with the measured one through DC analysis of the ACFEA. The transient analysis of the ACFEA showed that the gate capacitance of FEA along with the drivability of TFT strongly affected the response time. With the fabricated ACFEA, we obtained a response time of 15$mutextrm{s}$, which was enough to make 4bit/color gray scale with the pulse width modulation (PWM).

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.114-121
• /
• 2015

Mutli-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were surface-modified by a hydrofluoric acid solution to remove impurities and improve interfacial bonding and dispersion of nanotubes in an epoxy matrix. The crystallinity on the surface of treated MWCNTs was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The mechanical properties were characterized by tensile test, and the enhancement of mechanical properties of the modified MWCNTs/epoxy composites was indicated by a 33% increase in tensile strength. The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI-SE) of modified MWCNTs/epoxy composites was improved with an increase in concentration of hydrofluoric solution, and EMI-SE showed the maximum increase with 25% HF. However, mechanical and EMI-SE properties didn't show further increase with over 50% HF concentration because the properties of MWCNTs were influenced by degradation of crystallinity and intrinsic properties of MWCNTs. The mechanical and electrical property enhancements of the polymer composites are attributed to the modification of MWCNTs which improve crystallinity of MWCNTs and dispersion in the epoxy resin.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.644-651
• /
• 1999

In this experiment the Iron phthalocyanine (FePc) films on Si-wafer and alumina pallet were prepared using vacuum sublimation with conditions of changing reaction time, temperature, and deposition rate. Then, some samples were annealed following annealing. Techniques such as XRD, SEM, and resistance measurement method, were dedicated to characterize the changes of surface structure, phase transformation and electric resistance sensitivity in accordance with change of film thickness. In proportion to the decrease of deposition temperature from $370^{\circ}C$ to $350^{\circ}C$, intensities of (200), (011), (211) and (114) planes of $\alpha$-phase were decreased and (100) plane of $\beta$-phase were appeared. The film thickness were controlled by regulating the volume of precursor material during rapid deposition. As a result, it was observed that crystalline particle size had been increased according to the increase of film thickness and $\alpha$-phase transformed to $\beta$-phase. In consequence of measuring the crystallinity of films annealed between $150^{\circ}C$ and $350^{\circ}C$, $\alpha$- to $\beta$-phase transformation was appeared to begin at $150^{\circ}C$ and completely transformed to $\beta$-phase at $350^{\circ}C$. Electric resistance sensitivity of FePc film to $NO_x$ gas along temperature change of FePc films was observed to be more stable with the decrease of the film thickness.