• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.111-111
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• 2017

쇼트피닝 기술은 크게 피로강도 향상을 위한 쇼트피닝(shot peening), 재료의 청정 및 도장 품질 향상을 위한 쇼트블라스트(shot blast) 그리고 쇼트피닝 시 판재의 변형되는 성질을 이용한 핀포밍(peen forming) 등으로 구분할 수 있다. 그 중 본 연구에서는 해양산업 분야에서 널리 사용되는 회주철의 효과적인 내구성 향상을 위해 쇼트피닝 기술을 적용하였다. 그러나 쇼트피닝 기술 적용에 있어서 가장 중요한 것은 제품의 균일성, 정확성, 신뢰성을 확보하기 위해 쇼트피닝 강도를 제어하는 여러 가지 변수들에 대하여 최적 상태를 유지하는 것이다. 따라서 회주철에 대한 최적 쇼트피닝 분사조건 규명작업은 반드시 쇼트피닝 가공 전에 수반되어야만 한다. 그 일환으로 실험은 쇼트피닝 분사시간과 분사압력을 변수로 하여 회주철 표면에 적용하였으며, 기계적 특성 평가를 통해 최적의 쇼트피닝 조건을 규명하고자 하였다. 쇼트피닝 분사조건에 따른 회주철의 내구성을 평가하기 위해 캐비테이션 실험을 실시하였으며, 경도 측정, 횡단면 관찰 및 표면의 3D 현미경 관찰 등을 통해 기계적 특성을 분석하였다. 캐비테이션 실험은 ASTM G32 규정에 의거하여 천연해수 내 $30^{\circ}C$에서 $50{\mu}m$의 진폭으로 실시하였다. 실험 후에는 주사전자현미경으로 손상표면을 관찰하였으며, 손상 정도를 비교하기 위해 무게 감소량을 계측하여 상호 비교/분석하였다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

In this study, the influence of compressive residual stress and corrosive condition for corrosion fatigue crack was investigated, after immersing in 3.5%NaCl, $10%HNO_3+3%HF,\;6%FeCl_3$. The immersion period was performed for 90days. The fatigue characterization of a spring steel with processed shot peening were performed by considering the several corrosion environments in the range of stress ratio of 0.05 by means of opening mode displacement. By using the methods mentioned above, the following conclusions have been drawn: The fatigue life shows more improvement in the shot peened material than that in the un peened material. And the fatigue life shows improvement in ambient than in corrosion conditions. Threshold stress intensity factor range of the shot peened materials has higher than of the un peened materials. And the threshold stress intensity factor range was decreased in corrosion environments over ambient.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.348-352
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• 2004

Recently the steel parts used for automiles and trains are required to be used under higher stress than ever before in need of the weight down. However, threr are a lot of problems with developing such of fatigue strength and fatigue life are mainly focused on by adopting residual stress. And got the following characteristics from crack growth test carried out stress ratio. Fatigue life shows more improvement in the Un-peening material. And Compressive residual stress of surface on the Shot-peening processed operate resistance force of fatigue. So we cam obtain fallowings. (1) The fatigue crack growth rate on stage II is conspicuous with the size of compressive residual stress and is dependent of Paris equation. (2) Although the maximum compressive residual stress is deeply and widely formed from surface, fatigue life does not improve than when maximum compressive residual stress is formed in surface. (3) The threshold stress intensity factor range is increased with increasing compressive residual stress.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.327-335
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• 2021

Microcracks can rapidly grow and develop in high-strength steels used in offshore structures. It is important to render these microcracks harmless to ensure the safety and reliability of offshore structures. Here, the dependence of the aspect ratio (As) of the maximum depth of harmless crack (a_hlm) was evaluated under three different conditions considering the threshold stress intensity factor (Δk_th) and residual stress of offshore structural steel F690. The threshold stress intensity factor and fatigue limit of fatigue crack propagation, dependent on crack dimensions, were evaluated using Ando's equation, which considers the plastic behavior of fatigue and the stress ratio. a_hlm by peening was analyzed using the relationship between Δk_th obtained by Ando's equation and Δk_th obtained by the sum of applied stress and residual stress. The plate specimen had a width 2W = 12 mm and thickness t = 20 mm, and four value of As were considered: 1.0, 0.6, 0.3, and 0.1. The a_hlm was larger as the compressive residual stress distribution increased. Additionally, an increase in the values of As and Δk_th(l) led to a larger a_hlm. With a safety factor (N) of 2.0, the long-term safety and reliability of structures constructed using F690 can be secured with needle peening. It is necessary to apply a more sensitive non-destructive inspection technique as a non-destructive inspection method for crack detection could not be used to observe fatigue cracks that reduced the fatigue limit of smooth specimens by 50% in the three types of residual stresses considered. The usefulness of non-destructive inspection and non-damaging techniques was reviewed based on the relationship between a_hlm, a_NDI (minimum crack depth detectable in non-destructive inspection), a_{cr N} (crack depth that reduces the fatigue limit to 1/N), and As.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.137-138
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 가스터빈 압축기 로터용 제작 관통볼트의 건전성 검사가 수행됐다. 육안검사, 치수, 재질, 경도 및 피닝처리 등을 검사했으며 GE 볼트와 비교해 건전성을 판단하였다. 평가 결과 제작볼트는 기준범위 이하의 피닝강도로 처리되었다. 이에 숏피닝 강도를 향상시켜 다시 제작된 수정볼트를 재검사했고 모든 항목에서 기준범위에 포함됨을 확인했다. 궁극적으로 본 연구에서 수행된 가스터빈 압축기 로터용 관통볼트의 건전성 검사가 유효함을 확인하였다.

• 연구논문집
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• s.23
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• pp.15-27
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• 1993

The single crystal specimens were solidified by modified Bridgeman method. The surface recrystallized single crystal specimens were prepared by shot peening followed by heat treatment. The surface recrystallization begins at the dendrite cores on the surface. The recrystallized grains grew into the inner side of the specimen. The growth of recrystallized grains was inhibited by the pores and eutectic phases. The primary $\gamma'$ phases were dissolved at the recrystallized grain boundaries during the grain growth. The grain growth of recrystallized grains was similar to the cellular type transformation. No orientation relationships were found bewteen the recrystallized grains and the parent phase.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.80-87
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• 2002

In this study, CT specimens were prepared from spring steel(SUP9) which was used in suspension of automobile for room temperature and low temperature service. We got the following characteristics from fatigue crack growth test carried out in the environment of room temperature and low temperature at $25^{\circ}C$, ­3$0^{\circ}C$, ­5$0^{\circ}C$, ­7$0^{\circ}C$ and ­10$0^{\circ}C$ in the range of stress ratio of 0.05 by means of opening mode displacement. The threshold stress intensity factor range ΔKth in the early stage of fatigue crack growth (Region I) and stress intensity factor range ΔK in the stable of fatigue crack growth (Region II) was decreased in proportion to descend temperature. It is assumed that the fatigue resistance characteristics and fracture strength at low temperature and high temperature is considerable higher than that of room temperature in the early stage and stable of fatigue crack growth region.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2000

Gears are the most commonly used parts in automotive and industrial applications. One of most common modes of gear failures is tooth breakage, which is usually produced by the bending fatigue failure. It is important to manufacture the gears which can withstand the applied stresses in view of safety and economic requirement. This paper deals with bending fatigue strength for cold forged bevel gear. Especially, to compare fatigue characteristics for manufacturing processes difference, bending fatigue tests of bevel gears made by three different processes respectively. Results indicate that the fatigue strength of bevel gear is improved by cold forging process. Intergranular fracture is found on fatigue fracture surface, and dimples are observed on final fracture surface. The fatigue failure cannot be considered as a deterministic quantity, but must be characterized statistically. This study proposes a method to estimate bending fatigue lift of the bevel gear using the probability-load-life and Weibull analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.106-111
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• 2003

This study made an experiment On fatigue crack propagation da/dn, stress intensity factor range ${\Delta}K$ respectively in room temperature and in low temperature. And we got the following characteristics from fatigue crack growth test carried Out in the environment of room temperature and law temperature at $25^{\circ}C$, $-60^{\circ}C$, $-80^{\circ}C$, and $-100^{\circ}C$ in the range of stress ratio of 0.3 by means of opening made displacement. The threshold stress intensity factor range ${\Delta}Kth$ in the early stage of fatigue crack growth (Mode I) and stress intensity factor range ${\Delta}K$ in the stable of fatigue crack growth (Made II) was decreased in proportion to descend temperature. It assumed that the fatigue resistance characteristics and fracture strength at law temperature and high temperature is considerable higher than that of room temperature in the early stage and stable of fatigue crack growth region.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.2647-2655
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• 2002

This research presents an analytical model to investigate the stability due to the ball bearing waviness i n a rotating system supported by two ball bearings. The stiffness of a ball bearing changes periodically due to the waviness in the rolling elements as the rotor rotates, and it can be calculated by differentiating the nonlinear contact forces. The linearized equations of motion can be represented as a parametrically excited system in the form of Mathieu's equation, because the stiffness coefficients have time -varying components due to the waviness. Their solution can be assumed as a Fourier series expansion so that the equations of motion can be rewritten as the simultaneous algebraic equations with respect to the Fourier coefficients. Then, stability can be determined by solving the Hill's infinite determinant of these algebraic equations. The validity of this research is proved by comparing the stability chart with the time responses of the vibration model suggested by prior researches. This research shows that the waviness in the rolling elements of a ball bearing generates the time-varying component of the stiffness coefficient, whose frequency is called the frequency of the parametric excitation. It also shows that the instability takes place from the positions in which the ratio of the natural frequency to the frequency of the parametric excitation corresponds to i/2 (i=1,2,3..).