• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to examine empirically how to balance advertising expenditure before and after launch with regard to the direction of word of mouth in the motion picture industry. The vector auto-regression model is applied to assess the dynamic impact of advertising and word of mouth on sales. Empirical data, including advertising, word of mouth, and sales (the number of entries) of 83 movies are used for analysis. The research results show that for a movie having more positive word of mouth in the pre- and post-launch periods, it is worthwhile to spend the advertising budget in the pre-launch period only and to spare it in post-launch period. However, it is worthwhile to spare the advertising budget in the pre-launch period for movies having less positive word of mouth before and after launch, and to concentrate spending in post-launch period instead. Mangers who handle products and services facing shortened lifecycles, such as games, eBooks, and digital music contents, need to check the quality of pre-launch word of mouth for their advertising budget decisions in the pre- and post-launch periods and spend more of the advertising budget in the post- (pre-) launch period if pre-launch word of mouth is negative (positive). For products and services with a shortened lifecycle, it is recommended to spend more of the advertising budget in the post- (pre-) launch period if pre-launch word of mouth is negative (positive).

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 1991년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.78-81
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• 1991

Digital radio data is composed of groups which are divided into 4 blocks of 26 bits. And each block is made up of information word and check word. Check word of digital radio data that is composed ofcode word and offset word is used for group/block synchronization and error correction. In this paper, we have investigated the group/block synchronizer using offext word and shortened cyclic decoder for correcting error produced during the radio data transimission. Also, we have simulated the decoding process of the proposed decoder. From the simulation results, we have confirmed that the proposed decoder most with the required coding capcbility.

• 음성과학
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.75-91
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• 2001

Nowadays, computer-mediated communications such as chatting and e-mail are widely used in younger generation. It has been known that the communicating words used by on-line users (so-called netizens) are quite different from those used by ordinary people. That is, the words are generally characterized by shortened, mimetic and onomatopoeic words, and the netizens also use various types of emoticon expressed like signs or symbols. This can cause some orthographic as well as cultural problems. This paper investigates some statistical data in PC-based communications, analyzes the general characteristics, and provides some explanations.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1969

전류일치방식의 기억자심으로부터 기억정보를 고속도로 선택하기 위한 방법으로서, Word선에 RC선형집중회로를 종단하고 이 회로의 시정수를 작은치로 설정하여 선택 Pulse의 Cycle time을 2∼3μs로 단축시킴으로써 자심의 고속구동화를 시도하였다. 이를 위한 계의 해석방법과 회로정수의 최적치를 결정하고, 또 Cycle time의 단축에 결정적 요인이 되는 자심의 열적문제점에 대해서도 평가하였다. 이론치와 측정치가 잘 일치하였으며 Cycle time의 현저한 개선을 보아 이 방법이 고속화에 간단하고도 유효한 방법임을 확인하였다.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제29A권8호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1992

Radio data system is a next-generation broadcasting system of digital information communication which multiplexes the digital data into the FM stereo signal in VHF/FM band and provides important and convenient service features. And radio data are composed of groups which are divided into 4 blocks with information word and check word. In this paper, radio data receiver is developed which recovers and process radio data to provide services. Then we confirm that 7dB SNR is required to be 10S0-5TBER of demodulation. Deconding process of shortened-cyclic-decoder has been simulated by computer. Also, the time-compression (by 16 times) method has been adopted for the RDS features post-processing. Via the error probability calculation, simulation and experimentation, the developed receiver system is proved to satisfy the system specification of EBU and implemented by general logic gates and analog circuits.

• 인지과학
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.243-263
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 단어 사이에 삽입된 공백이 중국어 모국어 화자와 한국인 학습자(초급, 중급, 고급)의 중국어 글 읽기에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대해 안구운동 추적을 통하여 살펴보았다. 참가자들에게 단어 사이에 공백을 삽입한 '공백 삽입' 조건과 그렇지 않은 '공백 무삽입' 조건의 평이한 중국어 문장을 읽도록 요구했다. 실험 결과, 문장 수준 분석에서 공백 삽입 조건이 공백 무삽입 조건에 비해 길이가 더욱 길어졌음에도 불구하고 두 조건의 문장 고정 횟수는 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 문장 독해 시간과 평균 고정 시간은 오히려 공백 삽입 조건이 더욱 짧았다. 단어 수준 분석에서 참가자들의 독해 시간과 고정 횟수가 모두 공백 무삽입 조건에 비해 공백 삽입 조건에서 더욱 적게 나타났다. 또한, 참가자들의 중국어 수준이 낮을수록, 독해 시간과 고정 횟수에서 두 조건의 차이가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 실험의 결과는 공백이 단어 재인과 문장 처리에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 이러한 영향은 중국어 수준이 낮을수록 크게 작용한다는 것을 보여준다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2009

This study compares the perception of English high tense and lax vowels (/i, I, u, $\mho$/) by English speakers and Korean speakers of English. The four vowels were produced in /hVd/ context by a native speaker of English, and each word's vowel duration was manipulated to range from 170ms to 290ms in 30ms increments. Two English speakers and six Korean speakers of English were asked to listen to pairs of tense and lax vowel words with manipulated vowel durations and to identify the pair by choosing either heed-hid or hid-heed for front vowels and either who'd-hood or hood-who'd for back vowels. The results show that English speakers distinguished tense vowels from lax vowels with 100% accuracy regardless of the different durations, compared to 62% accuracy for Korean speakers of English. Most errors occurred for lengthened lax vowels and shortened tense vowels. The results of this study demonstrate that Korean speakers mainly rely on vowel duration as a cue to discriminate the tense and lax vowels. The theoretical and pedagogical implications of this finding are discussed.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.71-94
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• 1987

This study was carried out to investigate the sound distortion following the alternation of the palatal plate thickness. For this study, 2 healthy male subjects (24-year-old) were selected. Born in Seoul, they both spoke Seoul dialect. First, their sounds of /na(나)/, /da(다)/, /1a(라)/, /ja(자)/, /cha(차)/, /ta(타)/, without inserting plates were recorded, and then the sounds with palatal plates of different thickness were recorded, successively. The plate was fabricated in 3 types, each palatal thickness being 1.0mm, 2.5mm, dentoalveolar portion 2.5mm, other residual portion was 1.0mm, successively. Each type plates named B, C, D-type, in succession. Series of analysis were administered through Computer(16 bit) to analyze the sound distortions. These experiments were analyzed by the LPC (without weighting, pre-weighting, post-weighting) of the consonants, vowels portion, formant frequency of the vowels and word duration of the consonants. The findings led to the following conclusions: 1. There was no correlation of the distortion rate on the 2 informants. 2. Generally, vowels were not affected by the palatal plate thickness in the formant analysis, however, more distortion was detected in the LPC analysis, especially C, D-type plates. 3. Consonants distortion was more evident in the C, D-type plate. 4. The second formant was most disturbed and reduced in the all consonants with insertion of the palatal plate, especially C, D-type plate. 5. Word duration was shortened in the plate inserted(except /ja/, /cha/), especially C, D-type. 6. It was found that dentoalveolar, hard palatal sounds were severely distorted in plate inserted, and they were mainly affected by the dentoalveolar portion thickness. 7. There was correlation between palatal thickness and consonants quality.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.62-86
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• 1970

A study on the upper garment of Korean women, JUORI The upper garment of Korean women. JUGORI, is an inherited mode from the ancient clothing style in the various aspects based on the particulars of Korean clothes. The ancient style of clothes is originated from KWAMDUI belonging to inhabitants of Northern Territory of Korea. And it is quite different from Chinese clothes in lineage. However, this unicque mode of clothes has been much influnced by the Chinese culture and also by the climate of Korea. And it is quite different from Chinese clothes in lineage. However, this unicque mode of clothes has been much influnced by the Chinese culture and also by the climate of Korean penynsula. The changes of the pattern of JUGORI, in a word, is a sign of shortening tendency of size. This tendency of JUGORI is remarkably seen in the shortening of length and other parts are decreased in size. The JUGORI in the ancient age was fallen below the weist of woman, which is similar to Robe, and was worn with band. However, the length of the JUGORI has been gradually shortened, and therefore, GORUM took place of the band. The shortening tendency of JUGORI is seemed to be shown its sign in the initial time of its origin, because there are some evidences that the women in Sylla Dynasty, and this tendency has been much expedited during the period of Koryu Dynasty with influences of Monggorian culture (Won Lynasty of China) The oldest sample for data of JUGORI in nowaday is one the remains of Yi Dynasty, and this sample for data provides all the particulars of the modern pattern of JUGORI. The tendency of JUGORI had been continued even in Yi Dynasty, and at the end of the Dynasty, the clothes was shortened that the women felt inconvenient wearing it in the status of the shortened JUGORI which was even hardly cover the initial time of epoch of modernization induced from the Western civilization, and after 1920s and 1930s JUGORI become a larger tendency. This is a sing of revival of practical use and rationalization of JUGORI become a shortening tendency again, and the size is similar with that of early age of Yi Dynasty. Instead of these similarities, the particulars of modern JUGORI is weighing on much emphasis on curve beauty and expression of experior beauty. The reason is that, together with westernization of clothes, JUGORI became a special pattern of clothes as a traditional Korean women wears. The very thing explaining this pattern of JUGORI is the "ARIRANG DRESS". And there are some fashion using button instead of GORUM and half sleeve JUGORI for summer use which is regarded as a part of improved aspect of life in Korea. in Korea.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 1997

실시간에 VLIW 명령어를 스케줄링하는 SVLIW 프로세서 구조는 실행 중 LNOP(긴 NOP 명령어)를 삽입하여 자원 충돌이나 자료 종속 문제를 스스로 해결할 수 있다. 따라서 SVLIW 프로세서에서는 메모리나 캐시에 적재되는 목적 코드로부터 LNOP 명령어를 제거할 수 있다. 그러므로 SVLIW 프로세서에서는 같은 크기의 캐시를 가진 VLIW 프로세서에 비하여 프로그램의 실행 도중에 발생하는 캐시 미스의 발생 빈도가 적어진다. 캐시 미스가 적게 발생하면 결국 평균 메모리 참조 시간이 짧아지므로 프로그램을 수행하는데 걸리는 실행 사이클의 수가 적어지게 된다. 이러한 특징은 한편 명령어 파이프라인 단계를 늘림으로 인한 영향을 상쇄할 수 있기 때문에 전체적으로 성능을 향상시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 두 가지 프로세서 구조에서 어떤 응용 프로그램을 수행할 때 소요되는 실행 사이클을 예측하는 모델을 확립하고 이를 비교하였다. 또한, 시뮬레이션 결과로부터 캐시 미스가 발생하였을 때 메모리를 참조하는데 걸리는 시간이 길어질수록 SVLIW 프로세서에서의 실행 사이클이 VLIW 프로세서의 경우에 비하여 짧아지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.