• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2015

Carbohydrate sources are one of important factors associated with macro- and micro nutrients and phytohormones in vitro culture medium for shoot growth. The optimal carbohydrates for eight species of the genus Prunus which are economically important fruit crop was evaluated at the initiation and elongation stages. All carbohydrate seemed utilized for the bud break and leaf growth at the early stage of culture. However, shoot elongation and fresh weight of species tested were superior in the medium containing 90 mM of fructose or glucose rather than sucrose. There was no difference between glucose and fructose. Adventitious shoots from the axillary buds were induced in most species but no significant differences were observed except for two species (P. salicina ‘Shiro’ and P. tomentosa). These result demonstrated that glucose and fructose were suitable carbohydrate sources for diverse Prunus species than sucrose, although the response to the carbohydrates in the medium were slightly different in the species.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2003

To determine the appropriate concentrations of nutrients and growth regulators for shoot proliferation and root initiation, several rose hybrid tea cultivars were cultured. Cultured shoot tips and lateral buds from different cultivars proliferated multiple shoots on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0 to 4 mg/L BA and 0 to 0.05 mg/L NAA. The ability of the explants to proliferate shoots and initiate roots was affected by genotype, the nodal position of explant, the strength of MS basal medium and growth regulators used. The buds nearest the apex exhibited the slowest rate of development. Most cultivars had the highest shoot proliferation when cultured on MS medium with 2 mg/L BA and 0.01 mg/L NAA, but the degree varied by cultivars. Root development was enhanced by lowering the concentration of MS salts.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.161-167
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• 1998

Root and shoot development of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars with different genetic backgrounds was studied with reference to their relative growth. Tongil type (indica-japonica hybrid) cultivar 'Kuemkangbyeo' and japonica cultivar 'Koshihikari' were grown in $5000^{-1}$ a Wagnar pots under flooded condition. Three plants with roots of both cultivars were taken in every phyllochron through the heading stage to record morphological characteristics of shoot and root system. Compared to Koshihikari, Kuemkangbyeo produced more tillers and had greater shoot weight and leaf area per hill. Length and weight of the root system in both cultivars increased exponentially with time. At the same time, root system development was significantly faster in Kuemkangbyeo than in Koshihikari after the panicle initiation stage. As a result, Kuemkangbyeo has a vigorous root system which consists of larger number of nodal roots compared to Koshihikari. Also, the root length and weight per unit leaf area of Kuemkangbyeo were larger than those of Koshihikari in the later half of growing period, which suggests possible higher physiological activity of the root system of Kuemkangbyeo which is known as a high-yielding cultivar. The relationship between root traits (crown root number, total root length, and root dry weight) and shoot traits (leaf area and leaf+culm dry weight) in both cultivars closely showed allometry until the flag leaf stage.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2004

Since reactive oxygen species, prostaglandins, and nitric oxide are closely involved in various pathological conditions anti play important roles in the initiation, promotion, and progression of carcinogenesis, agents that modulate the production or activity of them might be considered as cancer chemopreventive agents. In the present study, we evaluated chemopreventive potential of some grape shoot extracts and their refined materials using various in vitro assay systems. As a result, both grape shoot extracts and refined materials possessed effective radical scavenging activities about 70~80% at the concentration of 500 ${\mu}$g/ml, and especially the Sheridan shoot extract showed the most potent 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity that was similar to resveratrol. In addition, refined materials from grape shoot extracts suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in macrophage cells, anti refined materials from Kyoho and Campbell shoot extracts exhibited similar inhibitory activities with $IC_{50}$ value of 224 ${\mu}$g/ml and 285 ${\mu}$g/ml, respectively. In addition, at the concentration of 50 ${\mu}$g/ml, all of refined materials inhibited cell proliferation against various human cancer cells about 30~40% compared to control. These findings suggest that grape shoot extract and their refined materials might be useful sources for the development of chemopreventive agents and/or functional foods.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.401-408
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• 1984

우리나라에서 고구마 장려품종인 홍미와 신미를 액아배양시 explant의 크기 NAA, BA 및 kinetin의 농도가 기관분화와 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하고저 본 실험을 실시하였으며 실험결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 5mm되는 explant 배양이 2mm explant 배양보다 기관분화 및 생육이 좋았으며 홍미는 MS 배양에 NAA 0.1mg/$\ell$와 kinetin 1mg/$\ell$을 조합처리할 때 신미는 MS배지에 NAA 0.1mg/$\ell$와 kinetin 1mg/$\ell$을 조합처리할 때와 kinetin 1mg/$\ell$, BA 0.1mg/$\ell$을 단독처리할 때 shoot의 분화가 좋았다. 2. 뿌리분화는 홍미와 신미가 비슷한 결과를 보였으며 NAA 0.lmg/$\ell$와 kinetin 1mg/$\ell$을 조합처이한 배지에서 뿌리수와 뿌리길이가 증가하였다. 3. BA의 농도가 증가함에 따라 비정상 식물체의 출현이 많았으며 한 개의 explant에서 여러개의 shoot의 길이가 짧았다. 4. 이차계대배양에서 shoot의 분화 및 생장은 NAA 0.1mg/$\ell$와 kinetin 1mg/$\ell$가 첨가된 배지에서 좋은 결과를 보였고 뿌리의 분화는 0.1 mg/$\ell$ BA에 첨가된 배지에서 가장 효과적이었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2021

The present study aimed to evaluate the initiation, proliferation potential, and mass clonal production ability of a micropropagation system for banana through tissue culture. A total of 60 explants were cultured on basal media supplemented with various concentrations of BAP and NAA. Banana plants regenerated on MS basal medium (control) without the addition of BAP + NAA showed a significantly (P < 0.05) lower survival rate with no signs of shoots up to the end of the experimental period. The results further revealed that the performance in MSS-XI medium was almost 89%, followed by MSS-IX and MSS-X media, both of which showed performance up to 88%. In contrast, the performance in the MSS-XVI medium was less than 60%, at the less duration of time and highly shoot induction detected at MSS-XIII medium. The maximum number of shoots (4.9) was observed in the medium supplemented with growth adjuster MSS-XI, followed by the MSS-XII medium (4.5). Surprisingly, the best performance was observed for the MSR-VII medium approximately 16 days after initiation, while the lowest performance was observed with MSR-XI (approximately 31 days). The maximum rooting percentage (98%) was observed in the MSR-V to MSR-VIII media (98%), while the minimum rooting percentage was observed in MSR-XI (approximately 45%).

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

Early leaves within the Viola albida complex were investigated by scanning electron microscopy in order to determine the morphological segments during morphogenesis. The early leaf development of V. albida var. albida could be morphologically divided into the eight stages in the following order: I, the initiation of shoot germination; II, the conical growth directionally of the leaf; III, the adaxial and abaxial formation of the leaf; IV, the initiation of the stipule; V, the formation of a transitional zone between the leaf blade and petiole; VI, the expansion of the upper part of the leaf blade; VII, the formation of almost all parts of the early leaf; VIII, the early simple leaf. Viola albida var. takahashii differs from V. albida var. albida by additional stages, i.e., V-1, the initiation of the first lateral lobe at the both lateral parts of the leaf after the stage V and an early lobed leaf. Viola albida var. chaerophylloides is also distinguished from two taxa by two developmental features, V-2, the initiation of a second lateral lobe below of the first lateral lobe, and an early palmately compound leaf. These findings suggest that the Viola albida complex would be in the process of peramorphosis, showing developmental changes in a chain of events, leading to a different leaf shape. These data would also be useful for isolating genes that give rise to different leaf morphogenesis outcomes among the taxa in the Viola albida complex.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.301-306
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• 2005

패랭이꽃속 Dianthus gratianopol 잎절편체로부터 캘러스를 유기하여 표면에 광택이 있고 치밀하게 배열되고 연한 녹색의 shoot-forming 캘러스를 선별하였다. 유기된 캘러스를 잘게 자르고 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D와 0.5 mg/L BAP가 포함된 CP 액체배지에서 7일 간격으로 계대배양하여 균일한 SF형태의 조직이 치밀한 세포괴를 얻을 수 있었고 이들 세포괴를 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D와 0.5 mg/L BAP, 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D와 0.5 mg/L BAP의 MS고체배지에서 배양했을 때 재분화능력이 있는 캘러스를 유도할 수 있었다. 이들 캘러스는 1.0mg/L TDZ과 0.5 mg/L PAA가 포함된 MS재분화배지에 치상하였더니 녹화되기 시작하여 배양 4주후부터는 다량의shoot 원기가 형성되고 shoot증식이 가능하였으며 평균 87%의 shoot 형성률을 보였다. 배양 9주후 절단된 shoot는 0.1 mg/L NAA가 첨가된 배지에서 뿌리를 형성하여 화뢰와 꽃을 갖고 있는 완전한 식물체로 재분화되었다. 또한 재분화 능력이 있는 캘러스 정단 원기를 절단한 절편체는 1.0 mg/L TDZ 과 0.5 mg/L PAA가 포함된 MS재분화 배지에서 직접 부정아를 형성하였고 이들 부정아로부터 다량의 shoot 증식이 가능하여 식물체를 효과적으로 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제16권1_2호
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• pp.12-16
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• 1973

The inhibitory effect of Inula sesquiterpene lactones on the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris was tested and the abnormality of the stem organization caused by the lactones was also examined. The longitudinal growth of the young stem and the expansion of the young leaf were stopped by the application of the lactones. However, this inhibitory effect was appeared and strictly restricted within the treated area. So the young shoot was observed for possible bending as a result of the unilateral application of the lactones. When the application of the lactones into the medium, the growth of the plant was entirely repressed. However, the growth of shoot and re-initiation of root were started after the plant was transfered to the lactone free medium. And partial reversal of inhibition of the stem growth was achieved by the additions of gibberelline and the lactones.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2009

Combinations of plant growth regulators, darkness treatments, and the order of expanding leaves for explants were evaluated for optimizing in vitro shoot regeneration rate of 'Whangkeumbae' pear. In a MS medium, supplemented with $8.88{\mu}M$ 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and $0.49{\mu}M$ indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), green foci were observed on the surface of the callus 8 days after culture initiation. Some adventitious buds were later induced from those green foci, resulting in the appearance of normal shoots. In a medium containing $22.20{\mu}M\;BA$, the surface of the callus became compact and greenish, and many adventitious buds were formed over the entire area of the callus surface. When comparing BA concentration via histological observation, the section which had been treated with $22.20{\mu}M\;BA$ exhibited closer cell aggregation than those with $8.88{\mu}M\;BA$. The darkness treatment enhanced the formation of adventitious shoots for up to 3 weeks. The youngest two expanding leaves, proximal to the shoot apex, were proved to be the most regenerative, and yielded the highest shoot number per regenerating leaf. A fourth strength MS medium, which was supplemented with $0.54{\mu}M\;NAA$, yielded good quality plantlets, with regard to root number and root length.