• 패션비즈니스
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.158-175
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to understand and improve the clothing habits and the apparel industry of North Korea in preparation for the reunification of South and North Korea. For this study, literary data, reports, periodicals, interviews and internet data of the two Koreas were reviewed. North Korean clothing habits used to be monotonous and uniform but nowadays people's clothes have become somewhat brighter in color and more diverse in design than before. In particular, liberal and individual dressing habits appeared among the privileged classes. When taking part in national events, women have to wear the traditional Korean costume, Hanbok, while men wear business suits for formal wear. In general, men don't wear Hanbok. Students have to be in uniforms but blue jeans, T-shirts with English logos were popular among them reflecting their sensitivity and openness towards western cultures. The brides usually wear pink Hanboks and the bridegrooms wear black business suits for their wedding. North Koreans also wear Hanbok on national holidays like South Koreans. Clothing is the most important item in the trade of process commission between North and South Korea. Trading items are mid to low end men's clothing for the most part due to less emphasis on fashion in the North. The processing is indirect trade and composed of sample making and contracting, sending out materials and production, carrying in goods and setting accounts. To activate South-North trade, establishment of infrastructure, stabilization of shipping, reducing high costs of distribution, building direct communication system by setting up office in a neutral zone and simplifying procedures in applying for the South and North Korea Economic Cooperation Fund. On the other hand, clothing and textiles education is carried on at art colleges, light industries colleges and commercial colleges in Pyongyang. Clothing institutes which study Hanbok and Western clothes, are installed in each city and province. Graduates who majored in clothing and textiles are posted in institutes or apparel factories. Their job is designing, patternmaking and sewing for their customers. Most of them are women and in good state of economic conditions. The North Korean clothing industry has been the core national industry that has developed based on overseas demand form the mid 1980s. The standard is that of South Korea in the early 1980s. In 1999, trade of North Korean textile products with trade counterparts such as Japan and China was $1.3 million in exports and $1.27 in imports. Of this amount the export takes up 25.4% of the total exports in North Korea. However, fundamentally even in sectors that are irrelevant to politics such as the fashion clothing industry, trust between the South and North should be a prerequisite. Only through this can exchange between North and South and economic cooperation contribute towards the reunification.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2002

중국과 일본서안지역의 지속적인 컨테이너 물량의 증가는 이 지역에서 환적화물을 유치하기 위한 한국 일본 중국의 주요항만들간의 경쟁을 더욱 심화시키고 있다. 우리나라 항만이 동북아 지역에서 부가가치가 높은 환적 거점항만으로 성장하기 위해서는 항만의 고객이 될 수 있는 선사, 포워더 등의 욕구를 정확히 파악하고 경쟁항 만들과의 비교분석을 통해 이러한 욕구를 충족시키기 위한 방안을 모색해야 할 것이다. 그러나 환적화물의 중요성에도 불구하고 그동안 이에 관련된 연구들이 그렇게 많이 이루어지지 않았으며 수행된 선행 연구들도 구체적인 경쟁분석을 통한 부산항 환적화물 유치전략을 제시하지 못했다. 이에 본 저자는 동북아(한국. 일본, 중국)에서 동적 경쟁상황을 고려한 부산항의 환적화물 유치전략을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 연구분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 연구결과를 종합하여 부산항의 효과적인 환적화물 유치전략을 제시하면 첫째, 입지, 요율, 무료장치기간, 서비스 중에서 환적화물을 유치하기 위한 가장 중요한 요인은 요율(43.31%)과 무료장치기간 (43.13%)으로 분석되었다. 부산항은 특히 상해항과 고베항의 경쟁적 위치(요율, 무료장치기간의 수준)를 고려하면서 동적 경쟁전략을 펼치는 것이 중요할 것이다. 둘째로 부산항에 대한 경쟁상황을 고려한 수요함수를 도출함으로써 부산항 마케팅 전략 수립 시 마케팅 매니저는 가격의 변화에 대한 수요량의 변화를 계량적으로 파악할 수 있으며 과학적인 가격정책 수립이 가능하게 되었다.