• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.349-355
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• 2005

The use of the internet to facilitate commerce among companies promises vast benefits. Lots of e-marketplaces are building for several industries such as chemistry, airplane, and automobile industries. This study provides the new B2B EC business model for the shipping industry which concerns relatively massive fixed assets to be fully utilized. To be successful the proposed model gives participants useful information. To do this the expert system is constructed with the hybrid prediction system of neural network (NN) and memory based reasoning (MBR) with self-organizing map (SOM) and knowledge augmentation technique using qualitative reasoning (QR). The expert system supports participants useful information coping with dynamic market environment. with this shipping companies are induced to participate in the proposed e-marketplace and helped for exchanges easily. Also participants would utilize their assets fully through B2B exchanges.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.457-463
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• 2005

The use of the internet to facilitate commerce among companies promises vast benefits. Lots of e-marketplaces are building for several industries such as chemistry, airplane, and automobile industries. This study proposed new B2B EC business model for the shipping industry which concerns relatively massive fixed assets to be fully utilized. To be successful the proposed model gives participants to support useful information. To do this the expert system is constructed as the hybrid prediction system of neural network (NN) and memory based reasoning (MBR) with self-organizing map (SOM) and knowledge augmentaton technique using qualitative reasoning (QR). The expert system supports participants useful information coping with dynamic market environment. with this transportation companies are induced to participate in the proposed e-marketplace and helped for exchanges easily. Also participants would utilize their assets fully through B2B exchanges.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.49
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• pp.237-256
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• 2011

A Liner Conference can be defined as "a group of two or more vessel operating carriers which provide international liner services for the carriage of cargo on a particular route or routes within specific geographical limits and which has an agreement or arrangement within the framework of which they operate under uniform or common freight rates and any other agreed conditions with respect to the provisions of the liner services". This study reviews maritime transport policy regarding liner conference and the changes in the liner market over the decades. Liner shipping industry has long been protected from competition by block exemption. The repeal of the block exemption for liner conferences and the abolition of any special EC antitrust regime for the shipping industry marks an important step in European maritime competition policy. This article examines the origins and the rationale of the EC antitrust immunity granted so far th the shipping industry and explains the causes of this historic changes. The abolition of Regulation 4056/86 and of the EU commitment to the UN Code of Conduct marks an historical evolution in international maritime policy, which will have an influence far beyond the EU.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.45
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• pp.165-188
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• 2010

The repeal of the block exemption for liner conferences and the abolition of any "special EC antitrust regime" for the shipping industry marks an important step in European maritime competition policy. This article examines the origins and the rationale of the EC antitrust immunity granted so far to the shipping industry and explains the causes of this historical change. Moreover, based on the precedents which have appeared so far, a general assessment is offered under this new EC regime on agreements restricting competition in the liner shipping industry, in particular horizontal ones: conference and tariff/freight arrangements will be doomed, whereas the legitimacy of consortia agreements should not be cast in doubt; a case-by-case analysis will be the approach as regards exchange or dissemination of information by shipowners in the market, and the relevant case law which emerges on these matters in other industries will be the criterion for their evaluation. Finally, a few remarks are made in respect of the international dimension of the decision to outlaw liner conferences and hence carve out EU Member States from the UN Code of Conduct regime.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.78-84
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• 2002

In this thesis a shipping broker agent system, which can be executed by a CORBA-based environment using the distributed object technique, CORBA is designed and implemented Nowadays, while the EC system is extensive on the web, legacy host systems have limitations and its capacity-upgrade os required. In order to solve these problems the method that distributes programs into several computer systems can reduce their loads, set low system capacity and minimize network bottleneck. In this thesis using Agent Communication Language(ACL), we propose an agent based prototype and implement an intelligent agent prototype for ships search using CORBA, which can exchange and shiare data between different systems.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.118-122
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• 2019

Four different polymer compounds were manufactured to make cable sheaths for the shipping industry. Two kinds of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) as the main matrix polymers and EVA-grafted maleic anhydride (EVA-g-MAH) as the coupling agent were selected for compounding with fire retardant, crosslinking agent, filler, plasticizer, and other additives. The properties of the four compounded materials were investigated with different contents of the fire retardant, silanecoated magnesium dihydroxide (S-MDH). In the rheology evaluation, the $t_{60}$ and ${\Delta}T$ values increased with increasing S-MDH contents. On the other hand, the tensile strength decreased with increasing S-MDH content due to a relative decrease in binder polymers. With increasing S-MDH content, fire resistance increased, but cold resistance showed no obvious enhancement due to the polar effect of vinyl acetate in EVA.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.220-224
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• 2019

Herein, three polymer compounds were manufactured using three polymer combination methods, ethylene-vinyl acetate/ethylene-propylene-diene-copolymer (EPDM), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)/polyethylene-A (PE-A; density: 0.870), and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)/polyethylene-B (PE-B; density: 0.885), for making cable sheath for use in the shipping industry. In this study, EVA, EPDM, PE-A, and PE-B were used as matrix polymers, and EVA-grafted maleic anhydride was used as a coupling agent for compounding with various compounds such as a fire retardant, cross-linking agent, filler, and other additives, besides the plasticizer. ${\Delta}T$, Mooney viscosity, and tensile strength increased in order of EPDM < PE-A < PE-B, the probable reason is due to the different crosslinking effect. The three compounds showed similar results for fire resistance and aging resistance after compounding process, but they showed excellent cold resistance owing to the non-polarity of the polymers and sufficient plasticizer content.