• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.625-630
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• 2016

This paper contributes to the development of an early detection system to detect the alteration of a target ship during early stages using the steering wheel signal via AIS communication. The feasibility of this system is also verified with a real ship trial. It was confirmed that the rudder angle on ECDIS was ordinarily marked green or red by the used rudder angle after the steering wheel operation. We were able to detect intentions for a change in course by a target ship quickly and efficiently avoid collisions. This system will contribute to more active VTS services and the analysis of marine accidents using the General Information Center On Maritime Safety & Security (GICOMS).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.670-678
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• 2018

In coastal waters where the traffic volume of the ship is high, there is a high possibility of a collision accident because complicated encounter situations frequently occurs between ships. To reduce the collision accidents at sea, a quantitative collision risk assessment is required in addition to the navigator's compliance with COLREG. In this study, a new collision risk assessment system was developed to evaluate the collision risk on ship's planned sailing routes. The appropriate collision risk assessment method was proposed on the basis of reviewing existing collision risk assessment models. The system was developed using MATLAB and it consists of three parts: Map, Bumper and Assessment. The developed system was applied to the test sea area with simple computational conditions for testing and to actual sea areas with real computational conditions for validation. The results show the length of own ship, ship's sailing time and sailing routes affect collision risks. The developed system is expected to be helpful for navigators to choose the optimum safe route before sailing.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2022

The Ieodo Ocean Research Station (IORS) lies between the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) boundaries of Korea, Japan, and China. The geographical positioning of the IORS makes it ideal for monitoring ships in the area. In this study, we introduce ship monitoring results by Automatic Identification System (AIS) and the Broadband 3G^TM radar, which has been developed for use in small ships using the Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) technique. AIS and FMCW radar data were collected at IORS from November 23th to 30th, 2013. The acquired FMCW radar data was converted to 2-D binary image format over pre-processing, including the internal and external noise filtering. The ship positions detected by FMCW radar images were passed into a tracking algorithm. We then compared the detection and tracking results from FMCW radar with AIS information and found that they were relatively well matched. Tracking performance is especially good when ships are across from each other. The results also show good monitoring capability for small fishing ships, even those not equipped with AIS or with a dysfunctional AIS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.155-159
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• 2004

The International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code has come into force on July 7$^{th}$ 2004. It would therefore be prudent that all parties' concerned put in place, methodically, systematically and as soon as possible, all the necessary infrastructure needed to give effect to all the decisions of the Conference. But the ISPS Code doesn't have the details during implementation. For example, how to legislate, administrate\ulcorner How are the data relating to security incident saved\ulcorner So, the author will lay emphasis to expatiate on three aspects in this thesis on the basis of the fact of anti-terrorism at sea.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.33-42
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• 2008

The crimes and the vandalism committed by mental patients such as the burning of Syungremoon and Daegu's subway have become a social insecure factors. In the paper, the criminal status of mental patients is analyzed and the range of probabilities at sea investigated. The countermeasures to these crimes are proposed.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.579-590
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• 2018

Shipping of North Korea is not yet publicly well documented. Taedong River, the most important sea route of North Korea, is selected as a model study area to show how effectively a remote place can be investigated through the application of satellite-based Automatic Identification System (S-AIS) for understanding shipping and tracks of vessels which passed the lock gate in the Taedong River and visited the nearby ports on its track. S-AIS data of the year 2014 were analyzed on the basis of various time periods, country of registry and category of ships. A total of 325 vessels were observed. The ships under the flags of North Korea, Cambodia and Sierra Leone were found to be dominant in frequencies which accounted for 43.08%, 16.00%, and 8.92%, respectively. Trajectories of the 325 ships in the Yellow Sea were also checked according to the flags. It is concluded that some ships under the flags of Cambodia, Sierra Leone, Mongolia, Panama and Kiribati are regarded as flags of convenience, and ships without flag and ship type codes also comprised a remarkable portion out of the total ships.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.179-181
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• 2014

지금까지의 해상교통관제시스템(Vessel Traffic System: VTS)에서 관제를 수행함에 있어서 관제사들이 확인할 수 있는 선박에 대한 정보는 AIS(Automatic Identification System) 정보에 한정적이었다. 하지만 선박에서 전달받는 AIS 정적 정보는 한정적이며, 정확성 역시 신뢰할 수 없을 경우가 많은 실정이다. 그래서 관제사들은 선박의 정확한 정보 확인을 위해서 항만운영시스템(Port-MIS)에 별도로 접속하여 해당 선박에 대한 정보를 조회하여 활용하는 상황이다. 현재 ETRI에서는 Single Windows 개념을 적용한 차세대 해상교통관제시스템을 개발하면서 관제사들의 편의성 제공을 위해 추가적인 Port-MIS의 연동 없이 관제 화면을 통해 관제중인 선박에 대한 Port-MIS 정보를 조회하여 현시할 수 있도록 개발하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 관제사들의 VTS 현시용 선박 정보 필드에 대한 요구사항을 도출하고, 이를 제공하기 위한 시스템 설계 구조에 대해서도 기술한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.375-378
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• 2014

Marine disaster, such as 'the sinking of the Sewol ferry', on the ocean needs emergency communication with land post and Rescue services. Especially, It needs of emergency comomunication system has increased in Korea peninsula with the sea on three side. The system will be more fully equipped to deal with disasters linked to communication so alone sailing ship is at sea. Research is needed on communication links to submarines operated by submarine to sink a ship, as well as immersion in the sea with. And it is necessary in the study of the land in preparation for the emergency disaster ship and submarine communication links for offshore and subsea oil and associated communication systems. Will be studied in preparation for the communication protocols and emergency and disaster location and land the plane or for a career in the satellite systems are linked through this. It is necessary for this purpose is research on the integrated emergency disaster communication ecosystem.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2023

Ship detection is widely used in areas such as maritime security, maritime traffic, fisheries management, illegal fishing, and border control, and ship detection is important for rapid response and damage minimization as ship accident rates increase due to recent increases in international maritime traffic. Currently, according to a number of global and national regulations, ships must be equipped with automatic identification system (AIS), which provide information such as the location and speed of the ship periodically at regular intervals. However, most small vessels (less than 300 tons) are not obligated to install the transponder and may not be transmitted intentionally or accidentally. There is even a case of misuse of the ship'slocation information. Therefore, in this study, ship detection was performed using high-resolution optical satellite images that can periodically remotely detect a wide range and detectsmallships. However, optical images can cause false-alarm due to noise on the surface of the sea, such as waves, or factors indicating ship-like brightness, such as clouds and wakes. So, it is important to remove these factors to improve the accuracy of ship detection. In this study, false alarm wasreduced, and the accuracy ofship detection wasimproved by removing wake.As a ship detection method, ship detection was performed using machine learning-based random forest (RF), and convolutional neural network (CNN) techniquesthat have been widely used in object detection fieldsrecently, and ship detection results by the model were compared and analyzed. In addition, in this study, the results of RF and CNN were combined to improve the phenomenon of ship disconnection and the phenomenon of small detection. The ship detection results of thisstudy are significant in that they improved the limitations of each model while maintaining accuracy. In addition, if satellite images with improved spatial resolution are utilized in the future, it is expected that ship and wake simultaneous detection with higher accuracy will be performed.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.8-14
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• 2013

Although there are various factors that threaten the security of ships, one of the most harmful is corrosion. It is not easy to find corroding areas and the status of corrosion, even though corrosion causes serious problems such as submergence and marine pollution as a result of leaking oil and polluted water. To monitor the corrosion of ships, non-destructive inspection, weight loss coupons, electrical resistance, linear polarization resistance, zero resistance ammeter, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy have been developed. However, these methods require much time to detect corrosion, and most are not appropriate for real time monitoring. Coating, sacrificial anode, and impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) methods have been developed to control corrosion. The ICCP and sacrificial anode methods are the most popular ways to prevent ship corrosion. However, ICCP is only appropriate for the outside of a ship and cannot be used for complex structures such as ballast tanks because these are composed of many separate chambers. Sacrificial anodes have to be replaced periodically. This paper proposes an integrated corrosion monitoring and control system (ICMCS) that can detect corrosion in real time and is appropriate for complex structures such as ballast tanks. Because the system uses titanium for an anode, exhausted anodes do not need to be replaced.