• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.105-109
• /
• 2018

생물다양성은 생존하는 유기체들의 변이성으로 정의하며 지구상의 생물의 다양성과 생태계를 구성하는 복잡한 상호작용을 일컫는다. 본 연구는 합천군 덕진천에 서식하는 동물의 종조성과 다양성을 공간적 시간적 양상으로 실시하였다. 2016년 시즌에 동정된 포유류, 연골어류, 경골어류, 조류, 양서류, 파충류, 어류 종의 수는 55분류군이었다. 포유류의 Berger-Parker's index (BPI)는 0.233(지점 A)에서 0.333(지점 D)로 나타났다. 포유류와 조류에 대한 Shannon-Weaver index (H')와 두 다른 다양성 척도(N1과 N2)는 상류지역이 하류 지역보다 높았다. 동물 분류군에 대한 ${\beta}$-다양성은 어류 0.229에서 무척추동물 0.339까지 나타났다. 동물종에 대한 풍부도 지수는 지점과 시기에 따라 변화가 있었다. 지점 A는 포유류, 조류, 양서/파충류에서 높은 풍부도를 나타내었다. 비록 다섯 동물 강에 대한 풍부도 지수(R1, R2)가 시즌 별로 다르지만 유의성을 나타내지는 않았다. 균등도 지수(E1-E5) 역시 시즌 별로 다르지만 유의성을 나타내지는 않았다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제27권12호
• /
• pp.2089-2093
• /
• 2017

The past decades have been a golden era during which great tasks were accomplished in the field of microbiology, including food microbiology. In the past, culture-dependent methods have been the primary choice to investigate bacterial diversity. However, using culturein-dependent high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes has greatly facilitated studies exploring the microbial compositions and dynamics associated with health and diseases. These culture-independent DNA-based studies generate large-scale data sets that describe the microbial composition of a certain niche. Consequently, understanding microbial diversity becomes of greater importance when investigating the composition, function, and dynamics of the microbiota associated with health and diseases. Even though there is no general agreement on which diversity index is the best to use, diversity indices have been used to compare the diversity among samples and between treatments with controls. Tools such as the Shannon-Weaver index and Simpson index can be used to describe population diversity in samples. The purpose of this review is to explain the principles of diversity indices, such as Shannon-Weaver and Simpson, to aid general microbiologists in better understanding bacterial communities. In this review, important questions concerning microbial diversity are addressed. Information from this review should facilitate evidence-based strategies to explore microbial communities.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제31권6호
• /
• pp.610-618
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted to find out the influence of sample size (accumulated survey areas) on the seven biological indices of benthic macroinvertebrates. BMI, the index similar to Zeilika-Marvan’s saprobic index, tended to be independent on the variations of sample size. The other indices (Shannon-Weaver’s diversity, Margalef’s richness, Menhinick’s richness, Pielou’s evenness, and Lenat’s EPT index) showed the considerable variations along with the increase of sample size and environmental conditions. To get the appropriate index values, it should be sampled at least 6 replicates more based on 30×30cm Surber sampler. In addition, the habitat heterogeneity index of benthic macroinvertebrates suggested in this study, it will be able to be used for evaluating the heterogeneity of habitats.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.532-542
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 2013년 고성군 화당리에 있는 7개 지점에 대한 식물 플랑크톤의 공간적 분포, 계절적 분포, 표층과 심층의 깊이에 따른 빈도에 대해 기술한 것이다. 화당리에서 식물 플랑크톤 군집은 3강 60분류군으로 다양하였다. 규조강(Bacillariophyceae)은 41분류군으로 가장 높은 다양성을 나타내었으며 그 다음으로는 와편모강(Dinophyceae)으로 16분류군이었고, 황금색조식물강(Cryptophyceae)이 2분류군, 유글레나식물강(Eugenophyceae)이 1분류 군이었다. 표층은 비교적 높은 밀도와 풍부도를 유지하고 있었다. 그런데 Shannon-Weaver의 다양도 지수는 1월을 제외하고는 표층보다 저층에서 더 높았다. 또 균등도 지수도 1월을 제외하고는 표층보다 저층에서 더 높았다. 전체 군집에 대해 ${\beta}$-다양도는 낮거나(7개 정점의 공간적 표층은 1.125, 저층은 1.481) 보통(7개 정점의 시간적 표층은 1.725, 저층은 1.347)이었다. 계절에 따라서는 식물 플랑크톤의 군집 간에 분류학적 동질성이 있었다. 깊이에 대해서도 역시 동질성을 나타내었다. 그러나 풍부도의 분포와 생체량은 동-서 방향 구배가 유의한 차이를 나타내었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.514-536
• /
• 2018

GPI (Group Pollution Index) using 29 indicator groups of Korean benthic macroinvertebrates was proposed in 1992, a higher category taxa-level index developed for rapid field assessment of organic water pollution. This study was performed to revise the assessment scheme of GPI based on taxonomic performance and ecological information accumulated since 1992. The original GPI was renamed SBMI (Simple Benthic Macroinvertebrates Index), and SBMI was based on saprobic valency of 26 indicator groups composed of higher category taxa (mainly family ~ phylum) excluding some genus or species-level taxa. SBMI revealed highly significant correlation with concentration of 5-day biochemical oxygen demand ($BOD_5$) (correlation coefficient r = 0.78, n = 569 sites), total suspended solids (r = 0.69), and total phosphorus (r = 0.77). Also, SBMI revealed strong correlation with Shannon-Weaver's species diversity (r = -0.85), Margalef's species richness (r = -0.85), and McNaughton's dominance (r = 0.83). Determination coefficient of SBMI to concentration of water quality items and values of community indices such as species diversity was 3 ~ 8 % and approximately 11 ~ 14 % higher than that of GPI, respectively. Correlation between SBMI and water quality factors or community indices such as species diversity did not reveal much difference compared to that of species-level indices, such as BMI (Benthic Macroinvertebrates Index) and ESB (Ecological Score of Benthic Macroinvertebrates). SMBI is a simple-qualitative index with higher category taxa easily identified, and is applicable for rapid field assessment of water environment impairment.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.251-255
• /
• 2003

The bacterial compositions of seven hot-pepper sown soil were compared in this study. From the 624 isolates, 95 species and 49 genera were identified by fatty acid methyl ester analysis (FAME). The FAME results of seven soil showed two distinct clusters for aerobic and Gram-negative bacteria in the high productivity and monoculture soil samples. While Arthrobacter ($17\%$), Kocuria ($11\%$), Pseudomonas ($8\%$), and Bacillus ($8\%$) were predominant among bacteria which were cultured on heterotrophic (YG) agar medium, Pseudomonas ($56\%$), Stenotrophomonas ($16\%$), and Burkholderia ($8\%$) were predominant on crystal violet agar medium. Shannon Weaver indices (H) indicated that colonies obtained from heterotrophic agar medium (3.1) were found to be more diverse than those obtained from the crystal violet media (1.9). The results suggest that FAME analysis may be a potential indicator for of soil quality.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.533-538
• /
• 2015

경상남도 고성군 거류면 용산리 신은저수지 수계 4곳과 정촌 저수지 1곳 수계에서 어류 다양성 분석을 실시하였다. 인위적 교란과 환경변화에 따른 집단조절을 유도하는 밀도 의존성을 평가하였다. SMATR freeware를 사용하여 어류 밀도에 영향을 미치는 환경 요인 분석을 실시하였다. 2012년에 4과 8속 9종 158개체가 동정되었다. 비교적 풍부한 어종은 참붕어(Pseudorasbora parva)로 빈도는 33.1%였다. 그 다음은 송사리(Oryzias latipes)로 28.8%였다. 2012년에는 4곳에서 밀도 효과가 감소하였다. 신은저수지의 Shannon-Weaver의 다양도 지수(H’)는 정촌 저수지의 다양도와 유사하였다. 종 다양도는 0.645에서 2.105로 다양하게 나타났다. 상류지역의 다양도(H’)는 중류와 하류지역보다 높았다. 풍부도 지수 역시 상류가 하류보다 높았다. 강의 하류 두 지점을 제외한 최대 가능성 분석을 이용하면 한 지점에서 다른 지점으로 이동한 5종의 가능성은 평균 0.623이였다. 특히 신은저수지와 정촌저수지 간 이동 가능성은 높았다(평균 0.681). 이는 두 저수지간 지리적으로 짧은 탓에 기인한다(50 m). 나머지 4종에 대한 최대 이동가능성은 유의성이 없어 지점간 유사함을 시사한다.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.152-164
• /
• 2019

In this study, a Benthic Macroinvertebrates Family Index (BMFI) was developed using 100 indicator groups (99 families including Chironomidae with 2 phena). Families were assigned a score between 1 and 10 depending on their sensitivity to organic pollution. The BMFI was composed of the sensitivity and relative abundance of the indicator taxa. Sensitivity values of each group were generally similar to Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) scores or Walley, Hawkes, Paisley, Trigg (WHPT) scores of UK, Japanese BMWP scores, and the FBI tolerance values of North America. However, sensitivity values of some taxa were significantly different from those of foreign countries, which seemed to have resulted from discrepancy in species composition, difference of taxonomic classification system, or methodological difference for estimation of sensitivity. As an annual average level, BMFI showed significant correlation with concentration of 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) (correlation coefficient r = -0.80, n = 569 sites), total suspended solids (r = -0.68), and total phosphorus (r = -0.79). In addition, BMFI revealed strong correlation with Shannon-Weaver's species diversity (r = 0.85), Margalef's species richness (r = 0.85) and McNaughton's dominance (r = -0.84). Correlation between BMFI and water quality parameters or community indices such as species diversity did not show significant difference compared to that of species-level indices such as BMI (Benthic Macroinvertebrates Index). This means that BMFI is a more useful indicator in terms of easy identification of organisms. BMFI was used to assess the environmental status of 3,017 sites of Stream Ecosystem Survey conducted by the Korean Ministry of Environment between 2016 and 2018. As a result, about half of all sites appeared to be in good condition, and a quarter in poor condition.