• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.64-70
• /
• 2003

Water-insoluble chitosan with molecular weight of 2,000,000, 580,000, 80,000, and 40,000 and more than 90% of degree of deacetylation were prepared to test antibacterial activity of chitosan against a pathogenic bacteria, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). As experimental method, the Shake Flask Method (SFM) and Modified Shake Flask Method (MSFM) were applicated. The anti-microbial activity of chitosan/acetic acid aqueous solution is consistent irrespective of Mw of chitosan. MIC value of SFM measurement was 0.2 ppm, and MIC value of modified SFM measurement was 25 ppm. But MIC value of chitosan/acetic add solution and chitosan treated cotton filter paper was equally 5 ppm. The antibacterial activities of chitosan were different in different test measurements employed. The antibacterial activities of chitosan/acetic acid solution and chitosan treated cotton filter paper were also different. Therefore, it needs to be pointed out that the test measurements of anti-microbial activity have some problems.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.277-282
• /
• 2001

The effect of chitosan on antibacterial activities of cotton, wool and polyester fibers was investigated by shake flask method. Chitosan was treated in 0.1%, 1% and 2% $NaBO_3$ solution to reduce the molecular weight in 4 steps, wadding of cotton, wool and polyester were treated in 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5% of chitosan solution which were dissolved in 2% acetic acid aqueous solution. The antibacterial activities of the fiber wadding treated and untreated by chitosan against Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Stephylococcus aureus were measured by shake flask method. On the untreated waddings, cotton showed better antibacterial activities than wool, but on the treated ones, wool showed better than cotton. The antibacterial activity of polyester was better than that of cotton or wool which preserved before and after the chitosan treatment against the three kinds of bacteria. When the chitosan treated cotton waddings was retreated in NaOH aqueous solution, their bacterial activities decreased. After laundering, the antibacterial activities of the treated cotton and wool waddings kept good, but that of the treated polyester reduced by almost half.

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.69-74
• /
• 2001

Diaper rash is found on the skin inside of babys diaper area. Most diaper rashes are caused by prolonged contact with the moisture, germs, and ammonia of the stool and urine. Some diaper rashes are caused by fungi infection such as candida albicans and Preteus vulgaris. In this study, Candida albicans was used as a test microorganism and experiment was carried out to inhibit diaper rash. Handsheets were treated with chitosan oligosaccharide, bamboo extractives, as well as mixture of monolaurin as an emulsifier and bamboo extractives. Both shake flask method and halo test were applied in order to examine the antimicrobial activity of each sample. It was found from both results of the halo test and shake flask method that handsheets treated with chitisan oligosaccharide or bamboo extractives showed antimicrobial property. In the treatment of bamboo extractives without emulsifier, no distinct difference in antimicrobial effect was found between bamboo branch and bamboo leaves extractives. In case of mixture of bamboo extractives and emulsifier, the result also suggested that bamboo branch showed better syngergistic effect than bamboo leaves. Both chitosan oligosaccharide and bamboo extractive can be used as antifungal agents against Candida albicans for making diaper.

• 복식문화학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 복식문화학회 2003년도 International Exhibition and Workshop
• /
• pp.24-25
• /
• 2003

Water-soluble chitosan and water-insoluble chitosan with molecular weight of 2,000,000, 500,000, 80,000, and 40,000 and more than 90% degree of deacetylation were controlled to evaluate the antibacterial activity of chitosan against a pathogenic bacteria, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA), which is being issued in the world. The Shake Flask Method and Modified Shake Flask Method were used to find out the antibacterial activities of 5types of chitosan/acetic acid solution, and the other antibacterial activities test with the cotton filter treated with chitosan /acetic acid solution. Those test methods showed the great differences ,but the results of the antibacterial activites showed the same difference.

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 2001

The functions of food packaging are not only prevention from physical damage and loss during carrying and transportation, but also extension of shelf-life by adding antimicrobial substrate in packaging materials. Consumption of active packaging is gradually increasing. With different dosage of potassium sorbate(P.S.), the food preservative agent, antimicrobial papers were made by internal and external application of starch. The antimicrobial action of the paper was analyzed by the halo test and the shake flask method. The mechanical properties and strength were also measured. Antimicrobial papers adding P.S. showed higher values in tensile index than adding starch. The antimicrobial paper using starch showed similar microbe decreasing rate as that using P.S. Though microbe decreasing rate was 21.9%, it showed possibility to make antimicrobial paper using food preservative.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제7권5호
• /
• pp.1020-1026
• /
• 1996

천연고분자인 chitin의 탈아세틸화물인 chitosan의 유리아미노기에 알킬 길이가 다른 알데히드를 이용하여 N-alkyl chitosan 유도체를 각각 합성한 다음, 이들을 methyl iodide로 4차화시킴으로서 4차 암모늄기가 도입된 새로운 수용성 chitosan 유도체를 합성하여, 도입된 알킬기의 길이에 따른 항균성을 그람양성균인 S. aureus(ATCC 6538P)와 그람 음성균인 E. coli(ATCC 14339)에 대해서 shake flask법을 이용하여 검토하였다. 그 결과 소수성이 증대될수록 항균력은 증가하였고, 특히 그람음성균인 E. coli에 비해 그람양성균인 S. aureus에 대한 항균력이 더욱 증대됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 cytoplasmic membrane의 구조상의 차이에서 기인한 것으로 생각된다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.44-47
• /
• 1998

Maximum cellulase production was sought by comparing the activities of the cellulases produced by different Trichoderma reesei strains and Aspergillus niger. Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30 showed higher cellulase activity than other Trichoderma reesei stains and Aspergillus niger that was isolated from soil. By optimizing the cultivation conditions during shake flask culture, higher cellulase production could be achieved. The FP(filter paper) activity of 3.7U/ml and CMCase (Carboxymethylcellulase) activity of 60U/ml were obtained from shake flask culture. When it was grown in 2.5L fermentor, where pH and DO levels are controlled, the enzyme activities were 133.35U/ml (CMCase) and 11.67U/ml(FP), respectively. Ammonium sulfate precipitation method was used to recover enzymes from fermentation broth. The dried cellulase powder showed 3074.9U/g of CMCase activity and 166.7U/g of FP activity with 83.5% CMCase recovery.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제27권1호통권88호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 1999

느타리버섯 8품종의 균사생장은 $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$의 온도 범위와 $5.5{\sim}6.5$의 pH 범위에서 가장 우수하였다. 영양원의 선발시험에서 탄소원으로서는 황백당, 밀가루 및 옥수수가루가, 그리고 질소원으로서는 대두분이 공시균주의 균사생장이 가장 우수하였다. 농업적으로 이용성이 우수한 황백당 3%, 대두분 0.3%, 인산칼륨 0.05%, 황산마그네슘 0.05%를 배지 조성으로 하는 농업용 액체배지를 선발하였다. 삼각플라스크 배양에서는 250 ml의 erlenmeyer flask에서 보다는 250ml의 shake flask에서 직경 6 mm의 균사절편을 2개 접종하여 배양액량 100ml에서 배양했을 때 공시균주의 균사체 생산이 우수하였다. 그리고 erlenmeyer flask에서 배양방법을 달리하여 느타리버섯의 균사를 배양하였을 때, $45^{\circ}$ 경사배양한 처리구에서 균사체 생산이 가장 우수하였으며, 길이 $50mm{\times}$ 직경 10mm의 유리막대를 넣고 배양한 처리구에서는 균체량이 가장 적었지만 펄프형의 균사생육을 유도할 수 있었다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제9권6호
• /
• pp.74-78
• /
• 1997

This study was performed to obtain the basic data of the effect of antimicrobic finishing on chrome-tanned leather for apparel. This study was to examine the effect of conditions of antimicrobic finishing on content of antimicrobic agents in the specimen by analysis and on the antimicrobic activity of specimens by means of shake flask test. The optimum conditions of antimicrobic finishing were found to be ; the concentration of Si-QAC-0.5%(o.w.f.), treating time-30minute, and drying method-air drying.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.194-199
• /
• 2000

본 연구에서는 Ni가 처리된 PAN계 ACFs에 대하여 흡착, 표면특성 및 항균효과를 통하여 물리 화학적인 특성과 생물학적인 특성을 제시하였다. Ni가 처리된 PAN계 ACFs의 흡착에 관한 연구로부터 N1-N3에 대하여 Type I의 흡착등온곡선과 N4-N6에 대하여 Type II와 III의 흡착등온곡선을 각각 얻었다. 이들 시료에 대하여 흡착된 부피는 Ni의 몰농도의 증가와 함께 천천히 감소함을 알 수 있었다. BET식을 사용하여 계산된 $S_{BET}$값은 $692.58-895.24m^2/g$의 범위에 분포하였다. 또한 common-t값을 사용하여 ${\alpha}_s$-법으로부터 구한 단위 질량 당 미세 동공 부피는 $0.19-0.56cm^3/g$이었다. SEM 모폴로지의 결과로부터 PAN계 ACFs의 표면은 Ni를 처리함에 따라 부분적으로 피복됨을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 최종적으로 Shake flask법을 사용한 대장균(E. coli)에 대한 항균 효과를 측정한 결과, 각각의 시료들은 92.5-100%의 효과를 나타내었다. 이러한 항균 효과는 역시 Ni의 몰농도의 증가와 함께 향상됨을 알 수 있었다.