• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제4권
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• pp.97-115
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• 2003

Middle and high school girl students' menstruation characteristics, appearance of menstruation dysmenorrhea, and coping with the menstruation dysmenorrhea were examined in order to give information in instructing girl students about menstruation dysmenorrhea, in delivering health education in the school, and establishing health policy. 970 girl students in middle and high schools in Cheju-do were selected and surveyed using the questionnaire the author developed based on the previous studies. The findings are as follows. First, the age of first menstruation was average $12.9{\pm}1.22$ years. The younger they were, the earlier their first menstruation came. The most common menstrual cycle was such one that continuously irregular from the beginning or that regular and irregular cycle run together. The first irregular menstrual cycle changed regular one within 1 or 2 years. Most of the respondents had normal menstrual cycle of $21{\sim}35$ days and menstruation period of $3{\sim}8$ days. Second, symptom of menstruation dysmenorrhea was orderly; hurt in the underbelly, tired, hurt in the waist, and headache. It was higher with high school students than middle school students. For the most part, time of heavy menstruation dysmenorrhea was the 2nd day after menstruation starts and period of menstruation dysmenorrhea was 2 days. More than the half of the respondents felt that the present menstruation dysmenorrhea was similar with the first one and they felt not comport in daily life due to menstruation dysmenorrhea, and 'hard to live a normal life' was higher with the high school girl students than with the middle school students. Third, how to cope with menstruation dysmenorrhea was enough sleep, relax and rest, taking a hot water shower, listening to music or watching a movie, taking medicine, and doing excercise. Few of the respondents have ever visited a doctor due to menstruation dysmenorrhea, and the reason was mostly irregular menstruation and heavy dysmenorrhea. Forth, when they took medicine due to menstruation dysmenorrhea, they gathered information on the medicine from family members and friends, while extremely low from a pharmacist or a doctor. The most of them have ever took medicine during menstruation once and took standard dose. While excess dosage was higher with high school students than with middle school students. From these findings, a good many girls are experiencing menstruation dysmenorrhea since their first menstruation. To discover early the severely abnormal findings and to treat, more interest from home and school, counseling and sexual education on time, and expert's diagnosis are necessary. Rather than unconditionally taking pain-relievers which can plainly solve the pain, continuous health education at home and in the school should be carried on for the girls to practice proper measures one think effective or an expert recommends.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2024

Purpose: This study investigated changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services during the COVID-19 pandemic. At an urban level I trauma center, trauma recovery services (TRS) provide education, counseling, peer support, and coordination of rehabilitation and recovery to address social and mental health needs. The COVID-19 pandemic prompted considerable changes in hospital services and increases in interpersonal victimization. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted between September 6, 2018 and December 20, 2020 for 1,908 victim-of-crime patients, including 574 victims of interpersonal violence. Outcomes included length of stay associated with initial TRS presentation, number of subsequent emergency department visits, number of outpatient appointments, and utilization of specific specialties within the year following the initial traumatic event. Results: Patients were primarily female (59.4%), single (80.1%), non-Hispanic (86.7%), and Black (59.2%). The mean age was 33.0 years, and 247 patients (49.2%) presented due to physical assault, 132 (26.3%) due to gunshot wounds, and 76 (15.1%) due to sexual assault. The perpetrators were primarily partners (27.9%) or strangers (23.3%). During the study period, 266 patients (mean, 14.9 patients per month) presented before the declaration of COVID-19 as a national emergency on March 13, 2020, while 236 patients (mean, 25.9 patients per month) presented afterward, representing a 74.6% increase in victim-of-crime patients treated. Interactions with TRS decreased during the COVID-19 period, with an average of 3.0 interactions per patient before COVID-19 versus 1.9 after emergency declaration (P<0.01). Similarly, reductions in length of stay were noted; the pre-COVID-19 average was 3.6 days, compared to 2.1 days post-COVID-19 (P=0.01). Conclusions: While interpersonal violence increased, TRS interactions decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, reflecting interruption of services, COVID-19 precautions, and postponement/cancellation of elective visits. Future direction of hospital policy to enable resource and service delivery to this population, despite internal and external challenges, appears warranted.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제12권5호_spc
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• pp.99-116
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• 2006

본 연구의 주된 목적은 청소년의 다양한 위험행동을 예방하기 위한 보호요인의 역할을 탐색하는데 있다. 청소년은 발달적 특성상 위험행동 가능성이 매우 높지만, 그것이 문제행동으로 연결되는 데는 위험요인의 부정적인 영향력을 상쇄시켜주는 보호요인이 이들에게 작용하지 않는 것이 가장 커다란 원인이라고 추정된다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 가정을 검증하기 위하여 이미 문제행동(비행)에 개입한 특수집단 청소년(소년원, 보호관찰소) 216명과 위험행동 가능성이 높은 일반 실업계 고등학교 청소년 1,020명을 대상으로 선행연구들에서 확인된 보호요인의 영향력을 검증해 보고자 하였다. 예컨대, 특정 위험행동(가출, 흡연 등)에 대해 보호요인이 작용할 경우 그것이 문제행동으로 발전할 가능성은 낮지만, 그렇지 않을 경우 문제행동의 확률은 의미있게 높을 것이다. 측정도구는 위험행동(가출, 흡연, 성관계) 개입 여부를 확인하기 위한 3개의 선다형 문항과 위험행동 경향성을 알아보기 위한 위험행동 지각척도(21개 문항의 5점 평정척도), 그리고 5개 변인의 보호요인(긍정적 가족기능, 부모 모 각각에 대한 의사소통, 사회적 지지, 자기효능감)척도이다. 연구의 결과 특수집단은 일반집단보다 가출과 흡연, 성관계 각각에 대한 경험이 의미있게 더 많을 뿐만 아니라 보호요인이 이들 각 위험행동을 설명해 주지 못하였다. 반면에 일반 청소년 집단에는 보호요인이 가출과 비가출, 흡연과 비흡연, 성관계 유무를 각각 의미있게 판별해 주었다. 따라서 보호요인은 일반 청소년들에게 있어 그들의 위험행동이 문제행동으로 발전하는 경로를 차단해 주고 있음을 나타낸다. 본 연구의 결과는 보호요인이 청소년들의 적응유연성 (resilience을 향상시킴으로서 문제행동 개입 가능성을 감소시킬 수 있다는 선행연구들에 근거하여 논의되었다.