• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was performed in order to investigate the effectiveness of electromyography and the Heart Rate Variability(HRV) test as prognosis factors, and to clarify correlation between Electromyography and the Heart Rate Variability test. Methods : 44 Bell's palsy patients who were graded V on the House-Brackmann scale and underwent HRV and EMG testing were retrospectively reviewed based on medical records. Results from both tests were analyzed via simple linear regression, and bivariate correlation analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between results from the two tests. The severity of the facial palsy at onset and at 2 weeks after treatment were evaluated with the H-B grade and Yanagihara grading system, and was converted into improvement scores. Results : Mean axonal loss according to electromyography showed a statistically significant correlation in predicting peripheral facial palsy improvement(p<0.01). HR, SDNN, TP, LF, HF, VLF, and LF/HF ratio on the Heart Rate Variability test showed no significant correlation in predicting peripheral facial palsy improvement. Mean axonal loss determined by electromyography, and HR, SDNN, TP, LF, HF, VLF, and LF/HF ratio recorded with the Heart Rate Variability test was analyzed with the bivariate correlation analysis method. Mean axonal loss and SDNN showed a statistically significant correlation(p<0.01) Conclusions : The Heart Rate Variability test has no statistical significance in predicting peripheral facial palsy improvement. SDNN has a statistically significant correlation with mean axonal loss as determined by electromyography.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.401-413
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• 2017

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the occlusal outcome and duration of fixed orthodontic therapy from clinical trials in humans with the Objective Grading System (OGS) proposed by the American Board of Orthodontics. Methods: Nine databases were searched up to October 2016 for prospective/retrospective clinical trials assessing the outcomes of orthodontic therapy with fixed appliances. After duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment according to the Cochrane guidelines, random-effects meta-analyses of the mean OGS score and treatment duration were performed and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: A total of 34 relevant clinical trials including 6,207 patients (40% male, 60% female; average age, 18.4 years) were identified. The average OGS score after treatment was 27.9 points (95% CI, 25.3-30.6 points), while the average treatment duration was 24.9 months (95% CI, 24.6-25.1 months). There was no significant association between occlusal outcome and treatment duration, while considerable heterogeneity was identified. In addition, orthodontic treatment involving extraction of four premolars appeared to have an important effect on both outcomes and duration of treatment. Finally, only 10 (39%) of the identified studies matched compared groups by initial malocclusion severity, although meta-epidemiological evidence suggested that matching may have significantly influenced their results. Conclusions: The findings from this systematic review suggest that the occlusal outcomes of fixed appliance treatment vary considerably, with no significant association between treatment outcomes and duration. Prospective matched clinical studies that use the OGS tool are needed to compare the effectiveness of orthodontic appliances.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2002

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the improvement of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome and Bell's palsy after Oriental Medicine treatment Methods : Twelve patients with Ramsay Hunt Syndrome and twenty patients with Bell's Palsy who visited the Iksan Oriental Medical Hospital of Wonkwang University were evaluated. Evaluation was carried out by facial palsy grading system of Yanagihara. Results : 1. In the analysis of causes. the most common cause was 'none' with 14 cases(43.8%). stress with 8 cases(25.0%). fatigue with 4 cases(12.5%), cold and URI with 3 cases(9.0%) each. 2. In the analysis of prodrome, there was retroauricular pain in 16 cases(50.0%). headache and 'none' in 8 cases(25.0%) each. 3. There was no significant difference between RHS and Bell's palsy in evaluation score. Conclusions : RHS and Bell's palsy showed no statistical significant difference between severity of before treatment and that of after treatment.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.58-72
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• 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the latest clinical trends in peripheral facial nerve palsy pediatric and adolescent patients who treated in Korean medicine hospital. Methods The study was conducted based on 185 cases of pediatric and adolescent patients with peripheral facial nerve paralysis who visited Korean medicine hospital from January 2017 to June 2022. Results The mean age of onset of facial nerve paralysis in children and adolescents was 11.7 years, and the incidence rate was higher in boys than in girls. The seasonal distribution was the most common in autumn, and 91.4% were diagnosed with Bell's palsy. The recurrence rate was 7.6%. The severity was evaluated on the House-Brackmann Grading System (HBGS) scale, and the most common was Grade III. It took an average of 6.5 days from the date of onset to visit the hospital, and 75.7% visited the hospital within a week from the date of onset. Hospitalized treatment was 69.2%. The higher the HBGS grade, the more hospitalized treatment was, and the total number of treatments and the duration of treatment tended to increase. The average treatment period from the first visit date was 119.6 days. 17.8% received only Korean medicine treatment, and 69.2% took Western medicine with herbal medicine. Conclusions In this study, there was a difference in the average treatment period from previous studies according to the study period setting. Long-term studies on the recovery rate and prognosis of pediatric facial paralysis are needed.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.324-331
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• 2023

Objective : We aimed to analyze the effectiveness of external neurolysis on the common peroneal nerve (CPN) in patients with posture-induced compressive peroneal neuropathy (PICPNe). Further, we aimed to examine the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing the severity of denervation status and predicting the postoperative prognosis. Methods : We included 13 patients (eight males and five females) with foot drop who underwent CPN decompression between 2018 and 2020. We designed a grading system for assessing the postoperative functional outcome. Additionally, we performed MRI to evaluate the denervation status of the affected musculature and its effect on postoperative recovery. Results : The median time to surgery was 3 months. The median preoperative ankle dorsiflexion and eversion grades were both 3, while the average functional grade was 1. Posterior crural intermuscular septum was the most common cause of nerve compression, followed by deep tendinous fascia and anterior crural intermuscular septum. There was a significant postoperative improvement in the median postoperative ankle dorsiflexion and eversion grades and average postoperative functional (4, 5, and 2.38, respectively). Preoperative ankle eversion was significantly correlated with denervation status. Additionally, the devernation status on MRI was positively correlated with the outcome favorability. However, denervation atrophy led to a less favorable outcome. Conclusion : Among patients with intractable PICPNe despite conservative management, surgical intervention could clinically improve motor function and functional ability. Additionally, MRI examination of the affected muscle could help diagnose CPNe and assess the postoperative prognosis.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제55권8호
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• pp.589-601
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• 2022

가뭄은 자연적 현상이지만, 지역의 물리적 및 사회적 요소와 결합되어 피해가 발생한다. 특히, 각종 용수 공급 및 수요과 연관되어 사회 경제적으로 큰 피해를 야기시킨다. 비슷한 심도의 기상학적 가뭄에도 지역의 특성과 용수공급체계에 따라 실제로 발생하는 가뭄 피해는 다르다. 본 연구에서는 지역의 사회·경제적 인자와 용수공급체계를 고려하여 가뭄 위험도를 평가하였다. 노출성은 용수공급 과부족량을 나타내는 결합가뭄관리지수(JDMI)를 등급화하여 평가하였다. 취약성은 가뭄에 영향을 받는 10개의 사회·경제적 인자에 엔트로피, PCA 및 GMM를 적용하여 가중평균하여 평가하였다. 대응능력은 지역의 용수능력을 나타내는 인자들을 베이지안 네트워크에 적용하여 평가하였다. 위험도는 노출성, 취약성 및 대응능력을 통합하여 결정하였다. 용수공급 실패 사상의 발생 가능성을 의미하는 가뭄 노출성을 평가한 결과, 괴산군이 0.81로 가장 높게 나타났다. 가뭄 취약성의 경우, 대전광역시가 0.61로 매우 취약한 것으로 나타났다. 지역의 용수공급체계가 고려된 가뭄 대응능력을 평가한 결과, 세종시가 가뭄 대응능력이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 위험도를 평가한 결과, 청주시가 가장 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 가뭄에 대한 위험 및 취약 원인을 파악하였으며, 향후 지역의 특성을 고려한 가뭄 피해 저감 정책 마련이 가능하다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of this study is to observe clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of inpatients admitted to a Korean medicine hospital for shoulder pain based on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) findings. Methods : 28 patients with MRI data were included. Data on MRI findings, duration of pain, and treatment effects were collected. To measure treatment outcomes, verbal numerical rating scale(VNRS), range of motion(ROM), and a clinical condition grading system were used. Results : 1. The patient population was 75.0 % female and 39.3 %(n=11) belonged to the 51~60-year-old age group. In the under 40 population, 1 or less MRI findings were found. 2. As for the type of disorder, 82.1 % of the patients were diagnosed with 'Supraspinatus lesion', 39.3 % with 'subacromial-subdeltoid(SA-SA) bursitis', and 28.6 % with 'Adhesive capsulitis' 3. Numerous correlations could be made between duration of pain and MRI findings. 'rotator cuff full thickness tear' was more prevalent in acute shoulder pain patients, and 'Adhesive capsulitis' in chronic patients. 4. VNRS and ROM at the time of discharge had significantly improved as compared to VNRS and ROM at the time of admission. 5. As for correlation between MRI findings and clinical condition grade, patients diagnosed with 'rotator cuff partial tear' reported to be in 'good' condition or better whereas those with 'rotator cuff full thickness tear' reported to be in 'fair' condition or worse. Conclusions : Patients admitted to a Korean Medicine hospital for shoulder pain had varying degrees of severity as shown on MRI. Almost all lesions responded well to Korean medicine treatment.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.333-343
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• 2004

Impression cytology는 결막상피의 표층을 떼어내기 위해 안구 표면에 cellulose acetate filter 재질을 같이 이용한다. 이 방법은 비 침습적이고 쉽게 시행할 수 있으며 환자에게 최소한의 불편감을 주며 결막표면에 반복해서 시행하여 변화를 관찰하기 위해 사용될 수 있다. 이 방법으로 결막 표면의 형태학적 연구와 squmaous metaplasia의 정도를 평가할 수 있다. 본 연구는 건성안 환자에서 impression cytology를 이용하여 결막표면을 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. 70명의 콘택트렌즈 비착용 학생을 대상으로 조사하였는데 먼저 조사 대상자들에게 McMonnies dry eye symptom questionnaire을 작성하도록 하였다. 그리고 비침습성 tear thinning time(TTT) 검사를 시행하고 다음에 침습성 검사인 Schirmer tear test(SIT), tear film break-up time(TBUT) tests 그리고 Rose-bengal staining올 시행하여 건성안 의심자를 분류하였다. 하 안구결막으로부터 결막 상피세포는 impression cytology기법으로 수집하여 PAS(Periodic Acid Schift)-haematoxylin 염색을 시행하였다. 배상세포와 결막상피세포는 광학현미경 400배에서 관찰하여 squamous metaplasia의 정도에 근거한 Nelson Grading scale에 따라 분류하였는데 이는 배상세포 밀도, 세포의 크기와 형태, 핵:세포질 비 등을 포함한다. 건성안 의심자는 상피세포의 형태적 변화, 핵의 변화, 배상세포 밀도 감소를 보였다. 세포학적 변화 정도는 건성안 조건의 정도에 관련이 있었다. 상피세포 형태를 Nelson의 분류시스템으로 단계를 나눈 결과 대조군의 91.43%가 grade 0 이었고 8.57%가 약간의 이상형태인 grade 1이었다. 반면에 건성안 의심자에서는 20%가 grade 0, 42.86%가 grade 1, 34.29%가 grade 2 그리고 2.86%가 심한 형태적 변화를 보인 grade 3를 나타냈다. Impression cytology는 부작용이나 거부반응이 없는 안구 표면 상피의 비 침습적 또는 최소 침습적 생검법으로 생각되며 안구표면을 포함하는 광범위한 과정을 위한 유용한 진단 기법으로 안전하고 간단하며 건성안 의심자의 다양한 안구 표면 변화의 이해를 증진시키는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.243-249
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• 1997

목적 : 방사선에 대한 정상 폐조직의 부작용에 관한 확률은 폐암의 방사선 치료에 있어서 중요한 지표가 됨에도 닥구하호 잘 알려져 있지 안다. 더구나 표적 부위와는 달리 정상 폐조직의 방사선량 분포는 매우 불균일하므로, 대표 선량값을 찾아 내는 것조차 어렵다 본 연구에서는 Dose Volume Histogram(DVH)과 유효체적방법(Effective Volume Method)을 통하여 정상 폐조직의 선량을 정량화하고 정상 폐조직 부작용 확률(Normal Tlssue Complication Probability, NTCP)을 구하여 임상결과와 비교하므로서 이 방법이 치료 결과를 예측할 수 있는 주요 지표로서 가능할 수 있는지에 대하여 살펴 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1993년 8월부터 1994년 12월까지 비세포성 폐암으로 방사선과 복합항암약물요법을 병행하여 치료받은 환자 중에서 36명을 무작위 추출하여, DVH 분석을 통한 정상 폐조직의 NTCP를 구하였다. 36명의 환자는 Mitomycin C, Vlnblastlne, Clsplatln을 사용한 2회의 복합항암 약물요법과 동시에 다분할 방사선추료(120cBy11x, bld)를 6480c0y까지 병행 치료하였다. 각 환자의 치료전 CT scan을 사용하여 우측폐, 좌측폐 그리고 전체폐 각각의 DVH를 구하였다. Kutcher등의 Effective Volume Method로 Nonuniform Histogram을 Uniform Histogram으로 변환시켰고, $TD_{50}$은 Emaml 등의 자료에 의거하여, Lyman 공식을 이용하여 NTCP를 구하였다. 방사선 폐렴의 Grade는 SWOG의 Toxlcity Criteria에 따랐다. 결과 : 대상환자 36명중 6명이 Grade 1, 2명이 Grade II의 방사선 폐렴이 발생하였다. 부작용이 발생한 환자군의 NTCP와 발생하지 않은 환자군의 NTCP는 전체폐를 대상으로 28.4와 23.4, 병소 부위의 폐를 대상으로 66.0과 26.4로 통계적으로 유의할 만한 차이를 보였으나 치료 전후에 시행한 폐기능 검사 소견에서는 두 군 사이에서 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 찾지 못하였다. 결론 : 부작용이 있는 관과 부작용이 없는 군의 NTCP는 통계적인 유의한 차이가 있었으며 NTCP와 임상적인 부작용 확률은 정량적으로 일치하였다. 그러나 NTCP는 순수하게 방사선의 효과만을 고려하고 있으나 본 연구에서는 항암약물요법을 병용하였다는것과 다분할(Hyperfractionaltion) 방사선 치료에 의한 방사선 생물학적 변화에 대한 고려가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 본연구결과 유효체적 방법을 이용한 NTCP는 향후 입체조형 치료에서의 선량증가(Dose escalation) 가능성에 대한 부작용 예측 지표로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.