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A Research on the Concept of Emptiness that Appears in Seung, Hyo-sang and Louis I. Kahn's Architecture (승효상과 Louis I. Kahn의 건축에 나타난 '비어있음(Emptiness)'의 개념에 대한 연구)

Choi, Jee-Yeon;Lee, Young-Soo
- Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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- v.25 no.5
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- pp.157-166
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- 2016
This study is intended to examine the various kinds of emptiness that are shown in the empty spaces created by Hyo-Sang Seung and Louis I. Kahn. Architecture creates the usefulness of a certain space thanks to its emptiness. The word, 'Emptiness' has the following meanings, 'non-fulfillment', 'non-existence', 'emptiness', 'blankness', 'non-visibility' and 'non-limitation', etc. Such concepts of emptiness can be broadly divided into 'ideological emptiness', 'aesthetic' and 'architectural spatial'. Comparisons regarding such concepts of emptiness as they are expressed in the architectural spaces created by Hyo-sang Seung and Louis I. Kahn shall be identified in this study. Hyo-sang Seung tried to leave numerous open possibilities which can contain everything into a certain space since 'emptiness' is not being used at this moment. Louis I. Kahn tried to contain into a space the essence and silence of that space before something that exists is created. The 'emptiness' created by Hyo-sang Seung and Louis I. Kahn is a specific space which can contain more kinds of non-visible spaces than some visible ones. Thus, such spaces may contain various potentials which are possible because they are empty, because of changes in nature and time, and because of silence and intentions going beyond an artist's original intent.
https://doi.org/10.14774/JKIID.2016.25.5.157 인용 PDF KSCI

The characteristics of the Medicinal in the Decoctions of 《Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases》 whose dosages were expressed in volume and the value obtained by converting the dosages into weight (《상한론》 탕제에서 복용량을 부피로 표기한 약의 특징과 무게로 환산한 값)

Kim, In-Rak
- The Korea Journal of Herbology
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- v.37 no.1
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- pp.31-39
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- 2022
Objectives : It is very important to know the exact dosage of the Decoctions in 《Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases》. This study identified the characteristics of 15 Medicinal marked in volume and calculated their dosages in weight. Methods : The origin, processing methods, and properties of 15 Medicinal were identified. The shape of the appropriate container that measures the volume of one seung was estimated, and the dosage in volume was converted into weight. These were compared with the dosages indicated by weight or count. Results : The 15 Medicinal were categorized into liquids, powders, and grains. Ten items had only one dosage, of which three items had one seung, and seven items had 0.5 seung. Five items had two different dosages, of which four items had one or 0.5 seung, and only Suis Fel was 0.2 or 0.1 seung. Pinelliae Tuber and Urine were marked as 0.5 seung for convenience of measurement, although 0.4 seung were accurate. There were 20 different dosages in total, and when converted into weight, they matched 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, or 16 Ryang, with none of 5 Ryang. Some exceptions that did not fit in the above were indicated by weight or count. Conclusions : In the Decoctions of 《Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases》, dosages of 15 Medicinal were easy to measure by volume, and when converted into weight, they were consistent with the dosages originally indicated in weight or count.
https://doi.org/10.6116/kjh.2022.37.1.31. 인용 PDF KSCI