• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.39-43
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• 2015

The flash point is the major property to characterize fire and explosion hazard of liquid mixtures. The flash point is the lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off enough vapor to form a flammable air-vapor mixture. The flash points of two aqueous mixtures, water-methanol and water-ethanol, were measured using Seta flash closed cup tester. A prediction method based on activity coefficient models, Wilson and UNIQUAC equations, was used to calculate the flash point. The calculated flash points were compared to the results by the calculating method using Raoult's law. The calculated values based on activity coefficients models were found to be better than those based on the Raoult's law.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.76-80
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• 2014

The flash point is one of the most important physical properties used to determine the fire hazard of flammable liquid mixture and defined as the lowest temperature at which a liquid produces sufficient vapor to form a combustible mixture with air. The main purpose of this paper is to measure and predict the flash point of binary flammable miscible mixtures. The flash points for n-hexanol+n-butyric acid and n-butanol+propionic acid, were measured by using Seta-flash closed cup method. The experimentally derived data were correlated with the binary interaction parameters of the van Laar and NRTL equations through the optimization method. The flash points estimated by these correlations were compared with those calculated by the method based on Raoult's law. The optimization method were found to be better than the method based on the Raoult's law.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.190-197
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• 2016

Flash point is the one of the important properties for the safe handling of inflammable liquid solution. In this paper, flash points of binary liquid solutions, water+1-propanol and water+2-propanol, were been measured by using Seta flash closed cup aparatus. Flash point was estimated using regression analysis method. Flash points were also estimated by the method based on Raoul's law and the method optimizing the binary parameters of van Laar equation. Experimental results were compared with the calculated results. The regression analysis method is able to estimate the flash point fairly well for water+1-propanol and water+2-propanol mixture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.86-91
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• 2015

The flash point is used to categorize inflammable liquids according to their relative flammability. Such a categorization is important for the safe handling, storage, and transportation of inflammable liquids. The flash point temperature of two binary liquid mixtures(n-octane+n-decane and n-octane+n-dodecane) has been measured for the entire concentration range using Seta-flash closed cup tester based on the ASTM D3278 method. The closed cup flash point temperature was estimated using the UNIFAC(Universal Functional Activity Coefficient) group contribution model. The experimentally derived flash point was also compared with the predicted flash point from the UNIFAC model. The UNIFAC model is able to estimate the flash point fairly well for n-octane+n-decane mixture and n-octane+n-dodecane mixture.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.18-24
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• 2015

The flash point is one of the most important indicators of the flammabiliy of liquid solutions. The flash point is the lowest temperature at which there is enough concentration of flammable vapor to form an ignitable mixture with air. In this study the flash points of binary flammable solutions, 2-propanol+propionic acid and n-hexanol+formic acid systems, were measured using Seta flash closed cup tester. Particularly n-hexanol+formic acid system exhibited minimum flash point behavior. The measured values were compared with the calculated values using Raoult's law and optimization method. The calculated data by optimization method described the measured values more effectively than those calculated by Raoult's law.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.39-44
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• 2016

Suitable design and operation of distillation process is very dependent on vapor-liquid equilibrium calculation. The usual calculation method is use binary interaction parameter. Flash points of n-propanol+n-butanol and 2-butanol+n-butanol were measured by Seta-flash closed cup tester. Experimental Flash points were compared with those calculated by the method based on Raoult's law and the optimization method using Wilson equation. The binary interaction parameters obtained by the optimization method are then used to calculate the bubble points of n-propanol+n-butanol and 2-butanol+n-butanol.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.60-65
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• 2014

The flash point is the major physical property used to characterize the fire hazard of flammable liquid solutions. In the present study, the main focus is on measuring and estimating the flash points for binary flammable mixture. The flash points for n-propanol+propionic acid were measured by Seta flash closed cup apparatus. The experimental data were correlated with the van Laar and NRTL equations through the optimization method. The results estimated by these correlations were compared with the values calculated by the method based on Raoult's law. The optimization method were found to be better than the method based on the Raoult's law.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2018

The flash point is one of the most important parameters used to characterize the ignition and explosion hazards of liquids. Flash points were measured for several binary systems containing toluene, including {methanol+toluene}, {ethanol+toluene}, and {1-propanol+toluene}. Experiments were performed according to the standard test method using a SETA closed cup flash point tester. The measured flash points were compared with the predicted values calculated using the following $G^E$ models: Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC. The average absolute deviation between the predicted and measured lower flash point was less than 1.69 K.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.34-39
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• 2017

Vapor-liquid equilibrium calculation is required to properly design and operation of distillation process. The general calculation method is to use binary interaction parameter. Lower flash points of cyclohexanol+aniline and cyclohexanol+cyclohexanone were measured by using Seta-flash closed cup apparatus. The measured flash points were compared with those calculated by the method based on Raoult's law and the optimization method using Wilson equation. The absolute average errors(A.A.E.) of the results calculated by Raout's law are $0.25^{\circ}C$ and $1.07^{\circ}C$ for cyclohexanol+aniline and cyclohexanol+cyclohexanone, respectively. The absolute average errors of the results calculated by the optimization method are $0.22^{\circ}C$ and $0.65^{\circ}C$ for cyclohexanol+aniline and cyclohexanol+cyclohexanone, respectively. As can be seen from A.A.E., the calculated values based on the optimization method were found to be better than those based on the Raoult's law. The binary interaction parameters calculated by the optimization method are used to predict the dew points of cyclohexanol+aniline and cyclohexanol+cyclohexanone. The A.A.E. for these mixtures show that there is an acceptable agreement between experimental and calculated dew poins.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

Flash point is one of the most important variables used to characterize fire and explosion hazard of liquids. The lower flash point data were measured for the binary systems {methanol + 1-butanol}, {ethanol + 1-butanol} and {2-propanol + 1-butanol} at 101.3 kPa. Experiments were performed according to the standard test method (ASTM D 3278) using a SETA closed cup flash point tester. The measured flash points were compared with the predicted values calculated using the following activity coefficient models: Wilson, Non-Random Two Liquid (NRTL), and UNIversal QUAsiChemical (UNIQUAC). The measured FP data agreed well with the predicted values of Raoult's law, Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC models. The average absolute deviation between the predicted and measured lower FP was less than 1.14 K.