• 상하수도학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2013

This study aims to analysis correlation in septic tank and sewer pipe between odor substances and complex odor. For the analysis, convert odor substances to odor intensity, and estimate the effect of odor substances on complex odor. As a result, both Hydrogen sulfide and Methyl mercaptane of specified offensive odor substances accounted for 29 percent of the effect of odor substances on complex odor. Hydrogen sulfide and Methyl mercaptane are major cause of odor from septic tank and sewer pipe. The result of this study is suggested to be used as a preliminary data for research on analysis complex odor and odor substances.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2013

The odor occurring in the sewage system induces the displeasure, the disgust such as the headache, the vomit, etc. and increases the spiritual stress and disturbs the pleasant life of residents. These odors occur mainly in the area of combined sewage system treatment, being created in the personal sewage treatment plant such as septic tank and are incoming to sewage pipes and emitted to the outside through the manhole and the receiver, etc.; and this causes odors to the people. The Hydrogen Sulfide, the Methyl Mercaptan, the Ammonia, etc. are materials causing the odor, the more serious issue of odor is occurring since the septic tank of degradation process is being applied. The primary cause of odor is the decomposition of human feces in the septic tanks and sewage disposal facilities. The purpose of this study is reduction of hydrogen sulfide using air supplying and SOB(Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria). As a result of this study of the air supply system and the SOB media equipment by air supply, in case the air is injected to SOB media compared to the injection of air only, the removal efficiency the hydrogen sulfide was average 3.4 times higher.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.195-204
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• 2018

A pilot scale study was conducted on a down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor installed at a sewage treatment plant in Banda Aceh, Indonesia for treatment of desludging septic tank wastewater. Raw wastewater with an average biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids of 139 mg/L and 191 mg/L, respectively, was pumped into the reactor. Two different hydraulic retention times (HRTs, 3 h and 4 h) were investigated, equivalent to organic loadings of 1.11 and $0.78kg\;BOD/m^3/d$, respectively. The average BOD concentration in the final effluent was 46 and 26 mg/L at HRTs of 3 and 4 h, respectively. The concentration of retained sludge along the reactor height was 10.2-18.7 g VSS/L-sponge, and the sludge activities were 0.24-0.32 and 0.04-0.40 mg/g VSS/h for heterotrophs and nitrification, respectively. Values of water hold-up volume, dispersion coefficient, and number of tank in-series found from tracer studies of clean sponge and biomass-loaded sponge confirmed that growth of retained sludge on the sponge module improved hydraulic performance of the reactor. Adoption of the DHS reactor by this Indonesian sewage treatment plant would enhance the role of the current desludging septic tank wastewater treatment system.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.227-232
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• 2007

Water pollution in enclosed water bodies such as lake and river has become a serious problem over the world. Domestic wastewater is responsible for more than 60 % pollution load in public water area in Korea. Effluent of the treated domestic wastewater at low removal level is abundantly fed rivers and lakes and thus be an serious cause of lake pollution. Therefore, effective implement of domestic wastewater treatment in basin of lake and river must be prepared. The septic tank is one of the effective domestic wastewater treatment equipment and used in individual treatment for a unit of household, The purpose of septic tank as biological treatment system is simultaneously to remove BOD, T-N, T-P and reduce turbidity from influent. Accordingly, the appropriate control of functional microorganisms is important subject for the establishment of stability and economy of the biological treatment method. Especially, microanimals as a high-ranked microorganisms of food-chain are important, because microanimals control the other microorganisms especially various bacteria and effect on function of treatment. Therefore, it is necessary that functional predator like rotifers are attached in wastewater treatment process. In this study, the methods for attachment high density the rotifer to and improvement of transparency in the effluence by a dense rotifer was examined using laboratory scale biological treatment reactor simulated septic tank and real one.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권3A호
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• pp.171-181
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• 2012

지중에 매설된 원형강관으로 보강된 FRP 개인하수 처리시설에 대한 설계를 수행하고 실물 현장 재하실험을 통하여 보강의 형태 및 종류에 따른 극한거동을 분석하였다. 현행 개인하수 처리시설의 설계 기준의 문제점 파악하고 강관으로 보강된 하수처리시설에 대한 구조설계절차를 정립하였다. 본체 두께 및 보강링, 격벽을 고려한 제품을 설계하고 안전성을 검토하였다. 원통형 쉘의 구조재료로 사용되는 박막의 FRP에 대해 휨실험과 인장실험을 수행하여 재료특성을 파악하였다. 개인하수처리시설을 무보강, 강재 보강링 보강, 격벽 보강으로 설계한 제품의 현장실험을 통하여 본체의 변위와 응력의 변화를 계측 하여 파괴거동을 분석하였고 유한요소해석 결과와 비교, 검토하였다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 하.폐수 처리를 효과적으로 할 수 있도록 각종 비금속 광물들을 혼합하여 부착성 및 토양 미생물의 활동을 촉진시킬 수 있게 광물 소결체를 이용한 합병정화조를 도입하여 주택용 소규모의 생활 하수를 발생원에서 바로 처리하기 위하여 단독주택 2가구를 대상으로 소규모형 무산소-호기 공정 합병정화조 실험 장치를 설치하여 실험하였다. 그 결과 COD.BOD의 방류수는 10mg/l 전후로 나타났고 총질소 (T-N)는 60~70% 정도까지 제거시킴으로 인해 외부에서 탄소원을 첨가하지 않고도 탈질을 할 수 있음을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한 춤인(T-P)은 80%이상의 제거 효율을 나타내어 생물학적 처리 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Conference The Korean Society of Agricutural Engineers
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• pp.789-794
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• 1999

The performance of a small on-site wastewater treatment system consisting of an anaerobic septic tank and upgraded absorbent biofilter was investgted . The anaerobic septic tank was used as a pre-treatment of the absorbent Biofitler instead of the primary clarifier. The treatment capacity of the system was examined by changing the hydraulinc loadings to the Absorbent Biofilter as 2.5㎥/day , 4.5㎥/day, 6.0㎥/day, respective. The effluent from the septic tank was fed into the Absorbent Bilfilter. Based on the experimental results, the quality of treated wastewater satisfied the regulation and the BOD and SS was removed down to approximately 5mg/$\ell$ and 1mg/$\ell$, respectively.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.138-146
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• 2007

서울시에는 아직도 생활하수와 빗물이 함께 흘러가는 합류식 하수관거지역이 많다. 이들 지역의 모든 건물들은 화장실 세정수로부터 고체상 물질을 분리해서 저장하는 정화조가 설치되어 있다. 정화조는 연 1회 이상 청소를 해야 하며 이 과정에서 분뇨가 수거된다. 수거분뇨는 처리시설이 필요로 하며, 과부족이 없는 처리시설을 확보하기 위해서는 장래에 발생할 분뇨수거량을 예측해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 그 분뇨수거량의 예측방법을 검토하였다. 여러 가지 예측인자 중 건물연면적이 가장 신뢰할 수 있었고, 수거분뇨는 처리 시설이 필요로 하며, 과부족이 없는 처리시설을 확보하기 위해서는 장래에 발생할 분뇨수거량을 예측해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 그 분뇨수거량의 예측방법을 검토하였다. 여러 가지 예측인자 중 건물연면적이 가장 신뢰할 수 있었고, 분뇨수거량이 꾸준하게 증가해서 2020년 서울시에서는 1일 13,149kL이 발생할 것으로 평가되었다. BOD의 변화도 예측이 가능하였다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 1981

The characteristics of septic tank sludges were investigated and the kinetic coefficients in the aerobic biodegradation were evaluated from bach treatability tests. Using an unbiased statistical method, the estimated values, k (substrate removal rate coefficient) =0. 0175hr-1 at 17\ulcornerC, K. (Michaelis Menten constant) = 248mg/ e, a (cell yield coefficient)=0.625, and Kd (cell decay coefficient:' =0. 00192hr-1 were obtained based on biodegradable COD(mg/ \ulcorner) and volatile suspended solids(mg/\ulcorner). The relationship between COD and BOD, COD (mg/\ulcorner) =2. 1 BOD(mg/\ulcorner) +250, also was established for the septic tank sludges. Dilution was inevitable for the grit removal because of the high viscosity of the sludges. An aerobic activated sludge process rather than anaerobic processes was recommended for the removal of soluble organics after the removal of grit and suspended solids. A multi-stage activated sludge process was adapted for this highly concentrated and not easily-degradable waste. It was estimated that a four-stage activated sludge process would require 40 hours retention time compared to 92 hours for a single-stage process, 52 hours for a double-stage process, and 46 hours for a three stage process in order to achieve an effluent quality of 84mg/ e COD( 40mg/ e BOD) with about 4, OOOmg/ \ulcorner MLSS from an influent quality of I, 500mg/ t COD(714mg/.e BOD), while multi-stages beyond four stage would not save the required retention time significantly.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.329-334
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 축산농가에서 환경오염의 저감방안을 강구하기 위하여 축산폐수의 혐기성 처리수와 생활잡배수를 혼합하여 합병정화조와 3단 soil filter를 연계하여 처리한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 합병정화조에서 처리함에 있어서 합병정화조내 충전된 여상과 체류시간의 증가로 인한 미생물의 축적에 의하여 NRT $4{\sim}12$일에서 CODcr 제거효율은 $63.4{\sim}84.0%$이며 NH4+-N와 PO43--P는 각각 $3.9{\sim}5.4%$와 $18.3{\sim}29.0%$로써 HRT가 증가함에 따라 높은 효율을 나타내었다. 3단 soil filter에 의하여 재처리함에 있어서 표면적 부하율의 점진적인 증가에도 불구하고 여과, 흡착, 이온교환 및 토양 미생물의 작용으로 인하여 표면적 부하율이 증가함에 따라 CODcr, NH4+-N 및 PO43--P의 제거효율은 90% 이상을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 미루어볼 때, 오염부하량 감소 및 농업용수로의 재이용 측면에서 축산폐수의 합병정화조와 Soil filter에 의한 연계처리를 할 경우에 '96년부터 적용된 축산폐수의 방류수 수질기준에 적합한 것으로 나타났다.