• Journal of Information Display
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.20-24
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• 2000

We propose on a novel vertical configuration (VC) for a helix-deformed ferroelectric liquid crystal (HDFLC) display that has fast response, high contrast, analog gray scale capability, and wide-viewing characteristics. In contrast to a conventional HDFLC in a planar geometry, smectic layers arrange themselves parallel to the substrates, and thus, extremely uniform alignment of molecules in large area is naturally achieved in our new configuration without additional processes such as the rubbing and/or electric field treatment. Moreover, with a proper design of electrode patterns on the same substrate, multidomain switching is easily realized without employing any complex process of alignment. Our new VC-HDFLC is expected to provide a viable technology to produce a next-generation large area LCD suitable for processing the dynamic image at a video-rate.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.98-103
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• 2009

An RF test structure is proposed and its applicability is confirmed by measuring DC characteristics and high frequency characteristics. Effective mobility extraction is also performed to confirm the validity of proposed test structure. The area of suggested test structure consumed on wafer was decreased by more than 50% and its characteristics do not be degraded compared with conventional structure.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 2011

Reconstruction of soft tissue defect of knee joint area has been remained a challenging task for plastic surgeons. The earlier the normal tissue saved and the necrotic tissue removed, the less the patients had complications and functional disability. But such defects are difficult to manage for its poor vascularity, rigid tissue distensibility, easy infectability and a relatively long healing period. The goal of flap coverage in the knee joint should not only be satisfactory wound coverage, but also acceptable appearance and minimal donor site morbidity. We have treated five cases using the anterolateral thigh perforator flaps for reconstruction successfully. In conclusion, we believe that in cases of knee joint area soft tissue defects, flaps like anterolateral thigh perforator flap should be considered as the first line of treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.213-216
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• 2004

This work was based on the hypotheses that fingernail clippings can be used as a biomarker for the subchronic exposure to fluoride. This study was conducted to prove the hypotheses and fingernail clippings were collected form 120 preschool children aged $3{\sim}6$ residing in Jumunjin(community water fluoridation area) and Kangnung(non-fluoridation area). The acid-diffusible fluoride in the fingernail clipping was isolated by the acid-diffusion technique and measured with a fluoride electrode. The mean fingernail fluoride as the children's living area were 4.49ug/g(SD 2.43) to Jumunjin and 2.68ug/g(SD 1.13) to Kangnung. As would be expected, the fluoride concentration in fingernail clippings were significantly different between the two geographical groups(p<0.001) determined by t-test.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.59-74
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• 2010

The trend of the PM10 concentrations in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) is reviewed and relative contributions of major contributors (paved road emissions and long-range transport from outside the SMA) are discussed. It was shown that the PM10 concentrations in the SMA have generally decreased except Incheon between 1999 and 2005. Further, it was identified that the difference of the PM10 mass concentration between the roadside stations and urban ambient stations has decreased between 2004 and 2008. Based on the emission estimates, it was suggested that the reduction of resuspension of aerosols on the road is the major reason for that. Based on the modeling results, it was identified that outside effects be about 30% of the ambient PM10 concentration in the SMA. Further research and policy issues to identify major sources of PM10 in the SMA are discussed.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.405-410
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• 1999

Topographic maps can be made and updated with satellite images, but it requires many human interactions that are inefficient and costly. Therefore, the automatizing of the road extraction procedures could increase efficiency in terms of time and cost. Although methods of extracting roads, railroads and rivers from satellite images have been developed in many studies, studies on the road extraction from satellite images of urbanized area are still not relevant, because many artificial components In the city makes the delineation of the roads difficult. So, to extract roads from high resolution satellite images of urbanized area, this study has proposed the combined use of wavelet transform and multi-resolution analysis. In consequence, this study verifies that it is possible to automatize the road extraction from satellite images of urbanized area. And to realize the automatization more completely, various algorithms need to be developed.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.105-113
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• 1991

An investigation is carried out for the role of topography in governign the mesoscale distribution of $SO_2$ concentration in Seoul. The three dimensional wind fields computed for a given synoptic meteorological condition by an atmospheric mesoscale model in the terrain following coordinate have been employed to compute the three dimensional mesoscale distributions of $SO_2$ concentration by the diffusion model in Seoul area. Terrain may affect the mesoscale distributions of $SO_2$ concentration through its influence on the mesoscale wind fields. This study discusses only the terrain effect on the concentration through its modification of the wind. This effect is to produce higher concentration in lower area according to the structure of divergence fields derived from and atmospheric mesoscale model.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.184-186
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• 2005

Increasement of power demand rapid industrial growth has led the expansion of power system, and it caused construction of large power transmission line(like 765kV T/L) and substation. If there are T/L faults (route contingency etc), it lead to the large scale black out in SEOUL AREA (the center of load). To minimize damage which caused by the large scale black out, KEPCO selects the method of load shadding. In this work, instead of general method of load shadding, We study the application of UVLS model to decrease the load shadding in SEOUL AREA. The study result of using the UVLS model showed that the amont of load shadding can be decreased about 400 MW compare to the existing load shadding system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.523-528
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• 2003

The efficiencies of single escape and double escape peaks were calculated by using Monte Carlo method and compared with measured efficiencies. The efficiency was obtained from the area ratio of escape peak to full energy absorption peak and the full energy absorption peak efficiency. For the escape peak interfered with other $\gamma-ray$ peaks, the net area was obtained by area correction. The GEANT code developed in CERN was used for the Monte Carlo calculation. The calculated efficiencies of the escape peaks agreed with the measurement within $12\%$.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2007

A low-power compact driver for multistandard physical layer is presented. The proposed driver achieves low power and small area through the voltage-mode driver with trans-impedance configuration and the novel hybrid driver,. In the voltage-mode driver, a trans-impedance configuration alleviates the problem of limited common-mode range of error amplifiers and the area and power overhead due to pre-amplifier. For a standard with extended output swing, only current sources are added in parallel with the voltage-mode driver, which is named a 'hybrid driver'. The hybrid architecture not only increases output swing but reduces overall driver area. The overall driver occupies $0.14mm^2$. Power consumptions under 3.3-V supply are 24.5 mW for the voltage-mode driver and 44.5 mW for the hybrid driver.