• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1999

This study was carried out to find out if peripheral neuropathy was resulting from exposed to pesticides in farmers. Thirty four male farmers in rural area of Chungju were selected as a study group. According to the farm type and area, the group was subdivided into two groups: the high exposed group(n=20) and the low exposed group(n=14). Nerve conduction velocity tests were done on four nerves of the dominant arm(median motor, median sensory, ulnar sensory, and ulnar motor) and three nerves of the dominant leg(peroneal motor, sural sensory, and posterior tibial motor). On the nerve conduction study, all of the results were included normal range. But comparing to reference mean values, most of results were significantly decreased(P < 0.01 by t-test). And the median motor conduction velocity and the peroneal nerve latency were significantly increased in the high exposed group than the low exposed group and reference values. But we concluded that these findings are caused by age difference not pesticide exposure. In conclusion, we cannot find any abnormality of nerve conduction velocity caused by exposure to pesticide in this study group.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.313-319
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• 2011

Diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to a variety of complications and thus we have retrospectively studied to investigate problems of nerve conduction velocity (NCV) study and the heart in the patients with type-II DM. Blood glucose and blood pressure levels were higher in DM group than in Non-DM group. We found that several latencies were delayed in motor conduction study of upper (median and ulnar nerve) and lower extremities (peroneal and tibial nerve), whereas amplitudes and NCVs were decreased in DM group compared with Non-DM group. Latencies of sensory conduction study in upper and lower extremities (sural nerve) were delayed, while amplitudes and NCVs were lower in DM group than in Non-DM group. Abnormal percent of the electrocardiogram was higher in DM group than in Non-DM group. This retrospective study suggests that type-II DM can cause a damage effect on the peripheral nerve and the heart function.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.98-102
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• 2004

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common condition characterized by entrapment neuropathy of the median nerves. Clinical manifestations are the most important findings for diagnosis and assessment of therapeutic effects. But, objective indicators, such as electrophysiological findings, are also valuable supplementary tools. This study investigated the relationship between clinical grading and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) of median proper palmar digital nerve (MPPDN) in CTS patients. Method: This study was done on 90 upper limbs of 53 patients with CTS (men: 6, women: 47, age: 26~69 years, mean age; 52 years). Each SNCV of MPPDN was recorded with bar electrode using antidromic method. Each SNCV was compared with clinical grading of CTS. The clinical grades of CTS were designated as follows; group 1 is mild symptoms, 2 is moderate symptoms, and 3 is severe and longstanding symptoms. Result: In thumb, the SNCV of MPPDN was not different significantly between 3 groups (p=0.817). In the index finger, the SNCV was the fastest in the group 1, but faster in group 3 than in group 2 (p=0.001). In the middle and ring fingers, SNCV was decreased in higher clinical grading groups (middle finger: p=0.015, ring finger: p=0.044). Conclusion: SNCV of MPPDN of middle and ring finger correlated with the clinical grading of CTS. SNCV of index finger was the fastest in group 1. But SNCV of thumb did not correlate with the clinical grading of CTS.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.48-52
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• 2013

Background: Meralgia paresthetica (MP) is a mononeuropathy affecting the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. The disease is often diagnosed clinically, but electrophysiological tests play an important role. The aim of this study is to clarify clinical characteristics of MP as well as the role of sensory nerve conduction study (NCS) in the diagnosis of MP. Methods: Sixty-five consecutive patients with clinical diagnosis of MP between March 2001 and June 2012 were retrospectively reviewed at a single tertiary center. General demographics, clinical characteristics and sensory NCS findings were investigated. Measurements of sensory NCS included the baseline-to-peak amplitude, side-to-side amplitude ratio and the conduction velocity. To compare between the normal and abnormal NCS groups, independent t-tests and chisquare test were performed. Results: Sixty-five patients had male predominance (56.9%) with mean age of $48.4{\pm}13.4$ years (range: 16-75). Seven patients (13.5%) had undergone operation or procedure before the symptom onset. The sensory nerve action potentials were obtainable in 52 (80%) of 65 clinically diagnosed MP patients. Sensory NCS revealed abnormalities in 38 patients (73.1%), and others (n=14, 26.9%) showed normal findings. Between the normal and abnormal NCS groups, there is no statistically significant difference on demographics or clinical features. Conclusions: We clarify the clinical features and sensory NCS findings of MP patients. Due to several limitations of sensory NCS, the diagnosis of MP could be accomplished both clinically and electrophysiologically.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.36-43
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• 2019

Background: Diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy (DPN) is associated with a variety of symptoms. Nerve conduction studies (NCSs) are considered to be the gold standard of nerve damage assessments, but these studies are often dissociated from the subjective symptoms observed in DPN patients. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the correlations between NCS parameters and neuropathic symptoms quantified using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI). Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with or without symptoms of neuropathy were retrospectively enrolled. Demographic data, clinical laboratory data, MNSI score, and NCS results were collected for analysis; DPN was diagnosed based on the MNSI score (${\geq}3.0$) and abnormal NCS results. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the relationships between MNSI score and NCS variables. Results: The final analyses included 198 patients (115 men and 83 women) with a mean age of $62.6{\pm}12.7$ years and a mean duration of diabetes of $12.7{\pm}8.4$ years. The mean MNSI score was 2.8 (range, 0.0-9.0), and 69 patients (34.8%) were diagnosed with DPN. The MNSI score was positively correlated with the median motor nerve latency and negatively correlated with the median motor, ulnar sensory, peroneal, tibial, and sural nerve conduction velocities (NCVs). When the patients were categorized into quartiles according to MNSI score, peroneal nerve conduction velocity was significantly lower in the second MNSI quartile than in the first MNSI quartile (p = 0.001). A multivariate analysis revealed that the peroneal NCV was independently associated with MNSI score after adjusting for age, sex, and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Conclusions: The present results indicate that a decrease in peroneal NCV was responsible for early sensory deficits in T2DM patients.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.156-159
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• 2001

Miller Fisher syndrome(MFS) has been the focus of conflicting opinions regarding the peripheral versus the central nature of the site of major neural injury. We present our electrophysiological findings in one case of MFS to help clarify the pattern of peripheral nerve injury in this syndrome. A 45-year-old man visited our hospital due to sudden diplopia. Initial examination revealed internuclear opthalmoplegia. The next day, his symptoms rapidly aggravated to complete external ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia with hand and foot numbness. Serial electrophysiological studies were performed. The results of brainstem evoked potential(BAEP) and blink reflex were normal in the serial studies. Motor and sensory nerve conduction study(NCS) were normal findings in second hospital day, but ulnar sensory nerve shows no sensory nerve action potential(SNAP) and sural sensory conduction velocity was delayed in 7th hospital day. Our patient's clinical presentation began to improve on 15th hospital day, and his electrophysiologic study showed improvement on 29th hospital day. We believe that all the manifestations of MFS can be explained by the involvement of peripheral nerves without brainstem or cerebellar lesion with the serial electrophysiological studies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.1485-1486
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• 2013

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.288-296
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• 2013

The purpose of this study were carpal tunnel syndrome in stroke patients according to the degree of spasticity in the median nerve cross-sectional area, nerve conduction velocity, and to evaluate differences in upper extremity function. The subjects of this study was in adult patients with stroke 42 patients from 21 patients CTS group and 21 patients Non-CTS group were selected. Measurement of median nerve-cross sectional area, nerve conduction velocity, GST, FMAS, CTS-FSS was measured. The study results were each group between the unaffected side and the affected side CTS and Non-CTS group in each grade between groups unaffected side(p<.001), and affected side(p<.001) median nerve-cross sectional area, median motor and sensory nerve onset latency, there was a statistically significant difference. CTS and Non-CTS group between groups in each grade GST(p<.05), FMAS(p<.05), CTS-FSS(p<.001), there was a statistically significant difference. In this study, the carpal tunnel pathokinesiology ever presented by the contents of upper extremity functional training in stroke patients is one of the information that you need to consider when presented.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.125-134
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• 2006

Among the various physiological factors that affect nerve conduction velocity (NCV), temperature is the most important. Because the influence of temperature is the most important source of error. It is known from animal experiments that conduction is eventually completely blocked at low temperatures, the myelinated A fibers being the first affected and the thin fibers of group C the last. Many studies showed that the NCV decreases linearly with lowering temperature within the physiological range. The distal motor latency increased by $0.2msec/^{\circ}C$ drop in temperature between $25^{\circ}C$and $35^{\circ}C$ in the median, ulnar and peroneal nerves. The temperature affect the neuromuscular transmission; The miniature endplate potential (MEPP) and endplate potential (EPP) are increase with increasing temperature. In myasthenia gravis, the reduction in the decremental response is observed following cooling. The lowering temperature make increase the amplitude of sensory compound action potential; make enlarge the surface area of compound muscle action potential with very little increase in amplitude; make diminish the fibrillation potential and increase the myotonia in needle electromyography (EMG). Because of these findings mentioned above, the skin temperature should be routinely monitored and controlled during nerve conduction tests and needle EMG and should be taken into account when interpreting the findings.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.26 no.2 s.42
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• pp.282-292
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• 1993

Neurotoxicity in the workplace may occur with exposure to scores of chemicals. Although large acute outbreaks of the occupational neurological disease are rare, the incidence of occupational neurotoxicity in its subtler aspects is unknown. A working knowledge of both the major occupational neurotoxic solvents and the tools used by cliniical neurologists and neurotoxicologists to evaluate neurotoxicity in working populations is a necessity fur the occupational physician. To investigate the effects of carbon disulfide($CS_2$) on the peripheral nerve system using the nervous conduction study, 105 male workers working in the spinning room of a viscose rayon factory were examined and compared with a sex and age matched, unexposed 105 male controls using t-test analysis. 72.4% of $CS_2$-exposed workers complained of neurological symptoms, and the abnormal cases in nerve conduction study were 48.6%. The abnormal cases of nerve conduction study increased in number according as the age and duration of exposure increased. In this study, asymptomatic workers were confirmed to have subclinical neuropathy by nerve conduction study. Also as there were abnormal cases even in its duration of exposure below 4 years, nerve conduction study turned out to be ways of discovering of early peripheral neuropathy. In nerve conduction study, the amplitude, velocity, F-wave latency and H-reflex of the motor and sensory nerves in both upper and lower extremities were significant different between $CS_2$-exposed workers and the controls. From the pathological viewpoint, both segmental and axonal degenerations were assumed in this study.