• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.281-293
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• 1988

가토 신장 근위세뇨관에서 분리한 brush border membrane vesicle(BBMV)과 basolateral membrane vesicle(BBMV)에서 rapid filtration 방법으로 PAH 이동에 대한 pH의 영향을 관찰하였다. BLMV에서 용액내 Na이 없을 때 외부 $pH(pH_0)$를 8.0에서 5.5까지 감소시켰을 때 probenecid-sensitive PAH 이동은 유의하게 증가되었다. 용액내 Na이 있을 때 $pH_0$가 8.0에서 6.0까지 변화하여도 PAH 이동에는 영향이 없었으나 5.5까지 더욱 감소시켰을 때 PAH 이동이 증가하였다. 그러나 vesicle 내 외에 pH gradient없이 $pH_0$를 내부 $pH(pH_1)$와 동일하게 변화시켰을 때 PAH 이동은 영향을 받지 않았다. PH gradient가 없을 때 시험된 pH범위에서 Na은 PAH 이동을 증가시켰다. BBMV에서도 BLMV에서와 유사한 pH 의존성을 보였으나 Na의 존재는 PAH 이동에 영향을 미치지 못하였다. BLMV에서 동력학적 분석 결과 일정한 $pH(pH_1)$에서 $pH(pH_0)$ 감소는 Km에 변화없이 PAH 이동에 대한 Vmax를 유의하게 증가시켰다. 이러한 결과로 BBMV에서 PAH 이동에 대한 pH의 영향은$OH^-/PAH$교환기전에 기인하는 것으로 추측되나 BLMV에서 pH 의존성은 음이온 교환기전만으로 설명될 수 없다. 또한 BLMV에서는 PAH 이동이 Na에 의존하나 BBMV에서는 Na에 의존하지 않음을 가르킨다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.81-95
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• 2006

This study was made to find out how stress affect on nutrition status of the college freshmen who were experiencing physical growth and development as well as drastic emotional change. 400 male and female freshmen in 4 year colleges were surveyed respectively through the health check-up procedure for college entrance in February, In order to find out the stress in each group frustration, deprivation, lack of self efficacy, type A behavior and anxiety response were surveyed through 10 questions with total 40 points by assigning 4 points for each question. Diet Status was expressed by DDS (Dietary Diversity Score by 5 food groups) and DVS(Dietary Variety Score). 24-hrs recall method was used to find out the quantity of daily nutrient of EAR(estimated adquacy ratio) by KDRIs(Korean Dietary Recommended Intakes). Nutrition level was analyzed by Can-Pro for professionals (Korea Nutrition Association). And for the quality intake, percentage was calculated and MAR(Mean Adequacy Ratio) were produced. Highest point was obtained in the stress of anxiety with the total 40 score of 30.20, and the scores were 29.79, 28.67, and 28.39 for deprivation, type A behavior and frustration respectively. There was no difference of blood components in accordance with stress type. Stress type was divided into less sensitive group and highly sensitive one and the relationship with the blood nutrient status was observed. The difference of blood component and blood pressure in sensitive and highly sensitive groups was observed in deprivation and anxiety. The index of blood pressure(p<0.05), hemoglobin(p<0.01), HDL-cholesterol(p<0.05), and Fe(p<0.05) was high in the deprivation of sensitive group. Blood pressure and hemoglobin was high in type A of sensitive group(p<0.05). And the contents of blood triglyceride was high in the anxiety of sensitive group(p<0.001) The result of nutrition intake analysis according to stress type showed that there was low intake for energy, riboflavin, and niacin. When the degree of deprivation was high there was a lack of riboflavin intake and there was no significant difference of nutrition intake in lack of self efficacy, type A behavior and anxiety response. Thus, it is necessary for colleges to educate the students to maintain mental stability through various programs and activities after catching a kind and extent of the stress college students we meeting with like the confusion of value system, open heterosexual relationship, and the employment difficulties linked with political uncertainty and economic recession.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.121-125
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• 1992

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) is widely known as highly sensitive a surface analysis technique. Efforts for quantification have been hindered, however, by the presence of matrix effects. Here we describe a new technique for the quantitative analysis of AlxGa1-xAs. Instead of Al+, Ga+, As+ ions, CsX+ ions (X=Al, Ga, As) have been detected. Intensity of these molecular ions appears to be much less affected by matrix effects. We have successfully accomplished the compositional analysis with standard deviation better than 2 percent.

• 천문학회보
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.56.4-57
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• 2015

We present the optical design and a sensitivity analysis for a wide field of view (FOV) instrument operating at UV and IR wavelengths. The ongoing investigation is performed in collaboration with Omnisys Instruments (Sweden) and focuses on a telluric-limb-viewing instrument that will fly in a low Earth orbit to study mesospheric wave structures over a wide range of horizontal scales in the altitude range 80 - 100 km. The instrument has six wavelength channels which consist of 4 channels of IR and 2 of UV. We are proposing an optical design based on three mirror aplanatic off-axis reflective system. The entrance pupil diameter and effective focal length are 45 mm and 270 mm, respectively. The FOV is $5.5^{\circ}{\times}1^{\circ}$ and the secondary mirror is set for stop. The optical specification is required to have an encircled energy of at least 80 % within a diameter of 21 um. We performed sensitivity analysis for the longest wavelength of 772 nm in consideration of the diffraction limit of system. The results show that tolerance limits for positions and angles of the mirrors are not very sensitive compared with typical error budgets of manufacturing and assembling process. The secondary mirror has the most sensitive tolerance for surface figure of 250 nm in root-mean-square.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.335-343
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• 2012

As a matter of fact, it has been not allowed to modify the shape of a vehicle body skeleton since the technical definition for the structure was fixed and the corresponding molds were developed. By the way, if it is available to apply an alternative to reinforce the skeleton without changing its mold, it must be much flexible to improve the performance qualities relevant to not only NVH(noise, vibration and harshness) but also crash and durability. Recently, a solution of so-called composite body becomes available for the need. We present a design method to insert the composite body inside a vehicle body skeleton in order to improve a structure-borne noise at the idle condition. The algorithms, topology optimization and design sensitivity analysis, are applied to mainly search the sensitive structural sections in the body skeleton and to extract the target stiffness of the sections. Inserting the composite bodies into the sensitive portions, it is predicted to achieve the countermeasures which can compromize the design availability in terms of the idle noise and weight. According to the validation result with test vehicles, the concerned noise transfer function is reduced and the idle booming noise is resultantly improved.

• 대기
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.193-203
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• 2015

A large aperture scintillometer (LAS) was deployed with an optical path length of 2.1 km to estimate turbulent sensible heat flux (${\mathcal{Q}}_H$) over a highly heterogeneous urban area. Scintillation measurements were conducted during cold season in November and December 2013, and the daytime data of 14 days were used in the analysis after quality control processes. The LAS-derived ${\mathcal{Q}}_H$ show reasonable temporal variation ranging $20{\sim}160W\;m^{-2}$ in unstable atmospheric conditions, and well compare with the measured net radiation. The LAS footprint analysis suggests that ${\mathcal{Q}}_H$ can be relatively high when the newly built-up urban area has high source contribution of the turbulent flux in the study area ('northwesterly winds'). Sensitivity tests show that the LAS-derived ${\mathcal{Q}}_H$ are highly sensitive to non-dimensional similarity function for temperature structure function parameter, but relatively less sensitive to surface aerodynamic parameters and meteorological variables (temperature and wind speed). A lower Bowen ratio also has a significant influence on the flux estimation. Overall uncertainty of the estimated daytime ${\mathcal{Q}}_H$ is expected within about 20% at an upper limit for the analysis data. It is also found that stable atmospheric conditions can be poorly determined when the scintillometry technique is applied over the highly heterogeneous urban area.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.161-176
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• 2010

We examined high ozone episodes observed during the intensive measurement periods (11 May~21 June and 30 July~11 August 2009) in the Gulf of Gwangyang. During that period, there were a few events (or days) in which 1 hr averaged ozone concentrations were greater than 100 ppbv. The analysis of ozone budget and photochemical characteristics related to the ozone production was carried out using a photochemical box model. Ozone sensitivity to $NO_x$ and VOCs was also examined in the study area during the measurement period. Diurnal variation of ozone during the episodes was similar to that of odd hydrogen radicals ($HO_2,CH_3O_2$, and $RO_2$), suggesting significant correlation with photochemical production of ozone during the episodes. In general, ozone concentration in the study area during the measurement period was sensitive to VOCs, whereas ozone was sensitive to $NO_x$ under certain conditions. Ozone sensitivity assessment using a radical budget analysis and $NO_x$/VOCs-control strategy was consistent with that using indicator species ($H_2O_2/HNO_3$ ratio).

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2015

This research paper has been attempted to inventory the atmospheric factors, contributing to better sales. Exploratory study was undertaken to identify various signs of store atmospherics variables that influence the buying behaviour of buyers. Thirty-four variables identified from this study were used to create a structured questionnaire. This questionnaire was then administered among shoppers in NCR Delhi using non-probability convenience sampling. To determine the atmospheric factors, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) along with Varimax Rotation was attempted. Using principal component factor analysis on the data collected, nine factors were identified to have impact on the store atmospheric. These were Querulous, Music, Sensitive, Budget Seeker, Sensuous, Light, Idler, Space seeker and Comfort Seeker. Contrary to the various earlier studies where music, space seeker and comfort seeker were considered to be most significant factors, light and querulous have emerged out to be the major factor that influences the store atmospheric. This study shows that customers are sensitive, space seekers and sensuous. Constituents of these factors reveal distinct patterns. This research may be used as guidelines for development and management of shopping malls in emerging countries. Retail marketers in India can take this cue in designing their strategies to attract consumers.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.983-992
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• 2009

The purpose of the present study is to analyze pollutant runoff characteristics from non-point sources in Joman River basin. The present study contains analyzed results of rainfall and SS, BOD, COD, TN, TP runoff from Joman River basin. This study contains a sensitivity analysis of parameters that affect the simulation results of rainfall and pollutants runoff. Result of the sensitivity analysis shows that proportion of watershed and impervious areas is the most sensitive to peak discharge and total flowrate for rainfall runoff and that WASHPO is the most sensitive parameter for pollutants runoff. For parameter estimation and verification, flowrate and water quality is measured at the Kangdong Bridge in Haeban stream. A single rainfall event is use to perform parameter estimation and verification. Results of the present study show that total pollutant loads of Joman River basin is 11,600 ton of SS, 452 ton of BOD, 1,084 ton of COD, 515 ton of TN, and 49 ton of TP, respectively. In addition, it is found that contribution ratio of non point source and total source is 89% of SS, 63% of BOD, 61% of COD, 21% of TN, and 32% of TP, respectively.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2013

본 논문은 컴퓨터 해석프로그램인 SimulationX를 이용하여 굴삭기 주행모터의 내부에서 발생하는 서지압력의 저감 방법에 대하여 분석하는 연구이다. 설계민감도 해석을 통하여 설계상의 문제점을 파악하고 해결책에 접근하는 방법을 다룬다. 진행순서는 다음과 같다. 우선 현재 설계 된 주행모터에 장착된 밸브들의 동적거동을 분석하여 설계의 문제점을 찾아낸다. 그 후 많은 설계변수들 중 동적성능향상에 민감하다고 판단되는 변수를 도출하고 설계치수를 조정하여 동적성능 안정화의 경향을 살펴본다. 마지막으로 민감한 변수가 다수 일 경우 변수조합을 통해 효과적인 튜닝방법을 제안한다.