• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2017

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disease characterized by chronic and relapsing inflammatory dermatitis with immunological disturbances. Spleen deficiency (脾虛) is one of the major causes of AD, so development of animal model is required for AD research that reflects the pattern identification. The groups that we have used in this study included Senna folium extracts (SFE), 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), and normal mice. Therefore, the present study was developed to atopic dermatitis mouse model with spleen deficiency in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and senna leaves extracts induced AD in NC/Nga mice. The results demonstrated that senna leaves extract treatment significantly increased the dermatitis clinical score and epidermal thickness in AD-like skin lesions. We also proved beyond doubt that there was occurrence of erythema and skin moisture indices in the senna leaves extract groups. Further, we also found that the level of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the senna leaves extract-treated group was increased. The amount of IL-4, IL-13, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and $TGF-{\beta}$ mRNA determined by real-time PCR was increased remarkably when senna leaves extract groups were treated on dorsal skin. Senna leaves extract groups significantly promoted the number of CD11B+/Gr-1 cell in skin, as well as the number of CD4+/CD8+ cell in dorsal skin compared with control. The review summarizes recent process in our understanding of the immunopathophysiology of spleen deficiency AD and the implications for spleen deficiency mouse models of AD on drug discovery from medical plants.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.290-295
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• 2017

Background: Senna tora is a flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. Its seeds are roasted and consumed as tea in Asia, to reduce inflammation in the liver and improve eyesight. Thus, it has been considered as an important medicinal crops in Asia. However, breeding trials to improve its genetic properties are rare. Mutation breeding by gamma ray is known to be an effective and highly successful approach for the generation of agronomically useful cultivars. Here we analyzed the effects of several dosages of gamma ray on the biological conditions of Senna tora seeds. Methods and Results: The germination rate and growth patterns of Senna tora were examined following irradiation with gamma ray at 100, 200, 300 and 400 Gy. The total phenolic compound contents and antioxidant activities of Senna tora were analyzed. Germination increased at 100 and 200 Gy in the M1 and M2 generations compared with that of the control (M0). The total phenolic compound contents and antioxidant activity of the seeds significantly decreased as the radiation dosage increased above 100 Gy in the M1 generation. Conclusions: Senna tora, irradiated with gamma ray at dosages 100, 200, 300, and 400 Gy, showed maximum germination rate at 200 Gy in the M2 generation. Plant height and leaf size gradually decreased with increasing gamma ray intensity in the M2 generation. The total phenolic compound contents decreased significantly at 400 Gy, and the related antioxidant activity was also decreased as the radiation dosage increased.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2023

Plants are a traditional source of many chemicals used as biochemical, flavors, food, color, and pharmaceuticals in various countries, especially India. Most herbal medicines and their derivatives are often made from crude extracts containing a complex mixture of various phytochemical chemical components (secondary metabolites of the plants). This study aimed to identify bioactive compounds from the different parts of the plant from the ethanolic extract of Gymnema sylvestre, Senna auriculata, and Cissus quadrangularis (leaves, flower, stem) by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The gas chromatography - mass spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of various compounds like 3,4-dimethylcyclohexanol, hexanoic acid, D-mannose, and N-decanoic acid. Hence, the Gymnema sylvestre, Senna auriculata, and Cissus quadrangularis may have chemopreventive, anti-cancer, anti-microbial activity, antioxidant, anti-diabetic activity, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal due to the presence of secondary metabolites in the ethanolic extract. These phytochemicals are supported for traditional use in a variety of diseases.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.122-127
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• 2006

4가지 물질의 분말을 10배액, 100배액, 500배액, 1000배액, 1500배액, 2000배액을 농도별로 처리하여 목이버섯 균사생장과 균사밀도를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. Senna은 대조구에 비하여 10배액, 100배액, 500배액, 1000배액, 1500배액 2000배액의 6가지 처리 모두가 균사생장과 밀도가 좋았으며 그중 100배액이 가장 좋았다. L-citrulline 분말은 처리농도 500배액이 대조구에 비해 같은 기간 내에 7.86mm/15일이 더 빨리 자랐으며 균사밀도도 좋아 최적 희석배수를 나타내었다. L-carnitine 분말은 100배액은 대조구에 비해 균사생장이 3.4 mm/15일로 촉진되었으며 균사밀도도 촉진되었다. Garcinia cambogia 분말은 대조구에 비해 6가지 희석배수 모두 균사생장이 억제되는 경향을 나타내었다. 10배액의 가장 진한 희석배수에서 가장 균사생장이 억제되었고 1000배액은 거의 대 조구와 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 따라서 L-citrulline, L-carnitine, Senna, Garcinia cambogia 순으로 균사생장과 균사밀도에 촉진적으로 작용하였다.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2016년도 정기학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.298-298
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• 2016

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.14-24
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• 2023

Objectives This study was conducted to observe physiological changes when the function of spleen was extremely deteriorated, and to make an animal model with spleen deficiency. Methods The Normal group (Nr group) was not administered with Senna Folium extract. The SFE group(Senna Folium extract group) was administered with Senna Folium extract every day for the first 2 weeks and then every other day for another week. And the SFE_G group(Senna Folium extract_Ginseng group) was also administered with Senna Folium for 3weeks like the SFE group and fed with ginseng in the third week. Results The score of spleen deficiency was significantly higher in SFE group than in the Nr group and significantly lower in the SFE_G group than in the SFE group. The total weight gain was significantly lower in the SFE group than in the Nr group, and the average daily weight gain was significantly lower in the SFE group than in the Nr group. The difference in stool weight before and after the process of drying was significantly higher in the SFE group than in the Nr group, and significantly lower in the SFE-G group than the SFE group. There was no significant difference in the outcomes related to cold and heat among the three groups. Conclusions Through this study, the animal model with spleen deficiency was developed to prepare a stepping stone for animal tests to verify the efficacy and safety of constitutional prescriptions.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.92-96
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• 1999

The effects of aqueous extracts from Korean commercial teas on excessive free radicals were examined utilizing spin trapping, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and lipid peroxidation. A potent scavenging effect of green tea and oriental senna tea was dound using sipin trapping. The most effective teasagainst the DPPH radical was green tea, followed inorder by pine leak tea, Chinese gutta percha tea and orietnal senna tea. Similar to the effects of DPPH radical , green tea, pine leaf tea, Chinese gutta percha tea and oriential senna tea had an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. These findings predict that Korean tea is a promising material for scavenging free radicals, and for curing diseases related to free-radical reactions.

• Mycobiology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.104-106
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• 2001

Alternaria cassiae Jurair & Khan was recorded on seeds of sickle senna(Cassia tora L.). Seed infection ranged from $25{\sim}45%$ in two samples. Developing roots and shoots turn brown and died in case of severe infection. Detailed descriptions were given on the habit characters of the fungus and on the morphology of conidiophores and condia. This is the first report of A. cassiae on seeds of Cassia.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2018

Background: The demand of recycling renewable agricultural by-products is increasing. Radiation breeding is a method used to improve saccharification efficiency. Thus, we investigated the effect of gamma ray irradiation on the pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of the stalks of Senna tora, an important medicinal plants. Methods and Results: S. tora seeds were irradiated with gamma ray at doses of 100, 200, 300, and 400 Gy. In the pretreated biomass, glucan and lignin content were higher in the M1 ($1^{st}$ generations of irradiation) S. tora stalks than in the M2 ($2^{nd}$ generations of irradiation) stalks, this can be explained by the higher degradation rate in M1. After oxalic acid pretreatment, the concentration of total phenolic compounds (TPCs) in the hydrolysate increased in the gamma ray treated seeds. The highest relative increase rate in crystallinity in the pretreated biomass was observed in M1-400 Gy and M2-100 Gy. The cellulose conversion rate was higher in M1 than in M2, except for 200 Gy. Conclusions: Gamma ray irradiation at an appropriate dose can be used to improve the efficiency of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, thereby increasing biomass availability.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.365-373
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• 2020

We previously reported the potential of Senna tora L. seeds fermented by Lactobacillus casei (FSL) as a laxative agent in a loperamide-induced constipation rat model. Here, we examine the mechanism of action of FSL and its bioactive compound, revealed herein, on loperamide-induced constipation Sprague Dawley rat model. We identified the compound aurantio-obtusin (AO) using HPLC quantitative analysis. Rats were randomly assigned to six experimental groups (eight rats each)-normal and constipated groups (loperamide, FSL [100, 300, 500 mg/kg], and AO [1 mg/kg]). The FSL and AO-treated group showed an increase in the frequency, amount, and water content of feces in the constipated rat. Moreover, FSL and AO increased the intestinal transit speed in the constipated rat. Histological analysis revealed that FSL and AO recovered the intestinal mucus, the number of goblet cells, as well as thickness of the mucosa layer and muscle. Furthermore, the protein levels of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3, which is involved in intestine contraction, were recovered in the FSL and AO-treated group. Its downstream signaling pathway (p-protein kinase C) was recovered by FSL and AO treatment. In conclusion, fermentation of S. tora L. seeds increases AO, which improves intestinal function, indicating that FSL is effective for treating constipation.