• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.489-500
• /
• 2010

The rigid connections of I-beams to Rectangular Hollow Sections (RHS) in steel structures usually behave as semi-rigid connection. This behavior is directly related to the column face deformation. The deformation in the wall of RHS column in the connection zone causes a relative rotation between beam end and column axis, which consequently reduces the rigidity of beam-column connection. In the present paper, the percentages of connection rigidity reduction for serviceability conditions are evaluated by using the finite element analysis. Such percentages for RHS columns without internal stiffeners are considerable, and can be calculated from presented graphs.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.803-818
• /
• 2020

Semi-rigid connections with blind bolts could solve the difficulty that traditional high strength bolts were unavailable to splice a steel/composite beam to a closed section column. However, insufficient investigations have focused on the performance of semi-rigid connection to square concrete filled double-skin steel tubular (CFDST) columns. In this paper, a component model was developed to evaluate the mechanical behavior of semi-rigid composite connections to CFDST columns considering the stiffness and strength of column face in compression and column web in shear which were determined by the load transfer mechanism and superstition method. Then, experimental investigations on blind bolted composite joints to square CFDST columns were conducted to validate the accuracy of the component model. Dominant failure modes of the connections were analyzed and this type of joint behaved semi-rigid manner. More importantly, strain responses of CFDST column web and tubes verified that stiffness and strength of column face in compression and column web in shear significantly affected the connection mechanical behavior owing to the hollow part of the cross-section for CFDST column. The experimental and analytical results showed that the CFDST column to steel-concrete composite beam semi-rigid joints could be employed for the assembled structures in high intensity seismic regions.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.315-331
• /
• 2009

Mechanical connections are recognized as extremely important elements in the aspect of strength and structural safety. However, classical structural model does not consider the connection stiffness properties, and are based on models with pinned or rigid joints only. In fact, mechanical connections are deformable and behave not linearly, affecting the whole structure and inducing nonlinear behavior as well. The quantification of this effect, however, depends on the description of the working of the connectors and the wood response under embedment. The theoretical modeling of wood structures with semi-rigid connections involves not only the structural analysis, but also the modeling of both single and grouped moment resisting connectors and the study of the wood properties under embedment. The proposal of this paper is to approach these aspects, and to quantitatively study the influence of the moment resistant connection in wooden framed structures. Comparisons between rigid and semi-rigid connections and between linear and nonlinear analysis lead to quantitative results.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제64권5호
• /
• pp.67-77
• /
• 2022

Recently, the trend in structural analysis and design is moving towards the development of reliable system. The reliability-based method defines various limit states related to usability and failure, thereby enabling multiple levels of design according to the importance of a structure. Meanwhile, an actual structure is composed of a set of several elements, and particularly, a frame type is composed of a system in which the members are connected each other. At this time, the actual connection between members is in a semi-rigid condition, not in complete rigid or hinged. This semi-rigid is found in several structures, especially in agricultural facilities designed with lightweight materials. In this study, a system reliability analysis technique for frame structure was established, and applied to an analysis of the semi-rigid connection. Various conditions of correlation were applied to reflect the connectivity between members, and through this, the limitations of existing structural analysis method and the behavioral characteristics of structure were analyzed. The failure probability of the frame member component and the overall structure system was significantly different in consideration of the semi-rigid connection. In addition, it was evaluated that the behavior of structure can be more accurately analyzed if the correlation according to the position of members in a system is further investigated.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제12권4호통권47호
• /
• pp.339-350
• /
• 2000

본 연구의 목적은 개량 T-stub를 이용한 1층 1스팬 골조의 구조적 거동을 파악하고 중층규모의 건축물에 대하여 개량 T-stub의 적용가능성을 확인하기 위한 것이다. 연구방법으로 개량 T-stub 및 기존 T-stub를 이용한 반강접 골조의 반복가력실험을 하였으며 개량 T-stub의 플랜지 두께와 볼트중심거리를 변수로 하여 유한요소해석을 수행하여 그 결과를 실험결과와 비교하였다. 본 연구의 실험 및 해석결과로부터 개량 T-stub의 거동을 정성적으로 파악하고 반강접합부로서의 적용가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산구조공학회 1997년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.211-218
• /
• 1997

Analysis of structures are usually executed under the assumption that connections are either ideally pinned joint or fully rigid joint. But in general all structures is connected under the semi-rigid connections. Semi-rigid connect ions have demerits that is simplification work on connection's behavior, moment-rotation relationships of connect ions , apprehension of nonlinear analysis etc. On the other hand there is merits that is improvements of serviceability, economic efficiency, construction in predicting real behavior frames. This study is to make model of connect ions by based on experimental study and after analysis on frames considering characteristics of semi-rigid connections. semi-rigid connection's influence on the behavior of structures and fundamental data on application of structures that is connected between S H S column and H beam is exhibited.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.281-291
• /
• 2010

본 연구에서는 횡력을 받는 구조물 거동에 대한 보-기둥 접합부의 영향을 확인하기 위하여 5층 철골구조물을 KBC2005 건축구조 설계기준에 맞게 구조설계 하였으며 접합부를 완전 강접합부로 이상화한 경우와 반강접 접합부로 설계하였다. 철골 보 및 기둥의 모멘트-곡률관계는 화이버모델을 이용하여 확인하였으며 반강접 접합부의 모멘트-회전각 관계는 파워모델 그리고 철골 보, 기둥 및 접합부의 이력거동은 3-매개변수 모델을 이용하여 나타내었다. 5층 철골구조물은 개별골조와 연결골조의 2차원 구조물로 이상화하였다. 4개 지진파의 재현주기 수준별로 산정한 최대지반가속도와 푸쉬오버해석의 최대밑면전단력을 위한 지반가속도에 대하여 시간이력해석을 실시하여 지붕층 변위, 밑면전단력, 층간변위, 접합부 요구연성도, 기둥, 보 및 접합부의 최대모멘트 그리고 소성힌지 분포 등을 확인하였다. 반강접 접합부 골조는 완전 강접합 골조에 비해 적은 밑면전단력이 발생하였으며 기둥, 보 및 접합부에 발생하는 휨모멘트의 크기와 증가율도 적었다. TSD 접합부는 우리나라 설계수준의 지진하중에 대하여 예제 구조물에서 경제성과 안전성을 확보 할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.351-361
• /
• 2001

골조의 보-기둥 접합부는 보통 강접합과 반강접합 또는 핀접합으로 구성된 분류체계에서 평가되어 진다. 대표적인 분류체계로는 EC3와 Bjorhovede등에 의한 체계가 있다. 그런데 EC3의 경우 강접합과 반강접합 사이의 경계값은 접합부의 모멘트 강도와 강성 면에서 너무나 높은 제한선을 가지고 있고, Bjorhovede등의 경우 강접합일 때의 거동을 표현하는데 부적한 강성을 갖을 수 있다는 문제점을 안고 있다. 본 연구에서는 스프링으로 모델링된 접합부를 갖는 비가새 1층 1경간의 골조를 대상으로 기둥에 대한 보의 강성비 ($\rho$)와 보에 대한 접합부의 강성비(k)로 완전 강접 골조의 임계하중과 접합부를 갖는 골조의 임계하중을 비교하여, 수정된 분류체계를 제안한다. 제안된 분류체계가 EC3나 Bjorhovede등과 비교할 때 실용적이고 실제적임을 실험데이터를 이용해서 검증하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.1-21
• /
• 2022

In the structural analysis of steel frames, joints are generally considered as rigid or hinged considering their moment transfer ability. However, the first studies conducted with the beginning of the 20th century showed that the joints do not actually fit these two definitions. In reality, a joint behaves between these two extreme points and is called semi-rigid. Including the actual state of the joint in the structural analysis provides significant economic advantages, so the subject is an intense field of study today. However, it does not find enough application area in practice. For this reason, a large-scale literature published from the first studies on the subject to the present has been examined within the scope of the study. Three important points have been identified in order to examine a joint realistically; modelling the load-displacement relationship, performing the structural analysis and how to design. Joint modelling methods were grouped under 7 main headings as analytical, empirical, mechanical, numerical, informational, hybrid and experimental. In addition to the moment-rotation, other important external load effects like axial force, shear and torsion were considered. Various evaluations were made to expand the practical application area of semi-rigid connections by examining analysis methods and design approaches. Dynamic behaviour was also included in the study, and besides column-beam connections, other important connection types such as beam-beam, column-beam-cross, base connection were also examined in this paper.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제65권3호
• /
• pp.327-334
• /
• 2018

In the steel structures design, beam-to-column connections are usually considered either rigid or pinned, while their actual behavior lies between these two ideal cases. This consideration has a major influence on the results of the local and the global behavior of steel structures. This influence is noticed in the case of a static analysis, and has an important effect in the case of a dynamic analysis. In fact, pinned and rigid nodes can be considered as two specific cases of a semi-rigid behavior. To study the efficiency of the classification adopted in Eurocode 3, a numerical simulation of semi-rigid nodes has been carried out using the software ANSYS. In the aim to validate this simulation, the numerical results are compared to those of an analytical approach. After that, the validated numerical simulation has been used, to evaluate the efficiency of the classification adopted by the Eurocode 3, regarding semi-rigid connections. Finally, a new method is proposed to define a more accurate evaluation about semi-rigid connections.