• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.348-356
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• 2022

The article is devoted to substantiation of theoretical and methodical bases of formation of the organizational-economic mechanism of maintenance of stability of development of region on the bases of influence of potential-forming space in the conditions of formation of creative economy. It was found that the organizational-economic mechanism due to its multifaceted nature does not have a single generally accepted definition, and its acceptable scale and complexity is reflected in the structure, which is very dependent on the scope and conditions of its application, can be very different and contain different elements. In view of this, in order to highlight the characteristics that are inherent in the organizational-economic mechanism of sustainable development of the region on the basis of potential-forming space in the formation of creative economy, the article examines the properties and characteristics of direct organizational and economic mechanism. The necessity of basing the process of formation of any organizational-economic mechanism, including the organizational-economic mechanism of ensuring the sustainability of the region on the basis of the potential-forming space in the conditions of creative economy on the system of principles. In this context, the author's vision is proposed and a set of principles for the formation of organizational-economic mechanism for sustainable development of the region on the basis of the potential of the potential-forming space in the creative economy, as well as revealed the essence of each. According to the structural aspect, the organizational-economic mechanism of ensuring the sustainability of the region's development on the basis of the potential-forming space is proposed to be presented as a set of seven stages, which are implemented in a certain sequence. Within the limits of this research the sequence of realization of the stages making process of formation of the organizational-economic mechanism of maintenance of stability of development of region on the basis of influence of potential-forming space in the conditions of formation of creative economy is defined and their maintenance and essence is presented.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.68-81
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• 1986

본(本) 시험(試驗)은 6가지 다른 사양방법(飼養方法)이 White Plymouth Rock 육용종웅계(肉用種雄鷄)의 생체중(生體重), 정소(精巢), 계관(鷄冠), 그리고 뇌하수체(腦下垂體)의 발육(發育)및 성성숙(性成熟)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 부화(孵化)후부터 22 주령(週齡)까지 2주(週)간격으로 생체중(生體重), 정소(精巢), 계관(鷄冠), 그리고 뇌하수체(腦下垂體)의 중량(重量)이 조사(調査)되었으며, 또한 정소조직(精巢組織)과 정액성상(精液性狀)이 조사(調査)되었다. 그 얻어진 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 1. 생체중(生體重), 정소(精巢), 계관(鷄冠) 발육(發育)은 10주령(週齡)이후부터 무제한급이군(無制限給餌群)들이 제한급이군(制限給餌群)들 무제한급이군(無制限給餌群)들의 70% 급이(給餌)) 보다 2주(週)더 빠름을 나타내었다. 정소(精巢) 및 계관(鷄冠)의 급증시기(急增時期) 무제한급이군(無制限給餌群)들에서 20 주령(週齡)이었고, 제한급이군(制限給餌群)들에서 22 주령(週齡)이었다. 2. 뇌하수체(腦下垂體)의 무게는 부화(孵化)후부터 22 주령(週齡)까지 4 주령(週齡), 14주령(週齡), 16주령(週齡)을 제외(除外)하고 각(各) 주차별(週差別), 각(各) 처리군간(處理群間)에 유의성(有意性)이 나타나지 않았다. 뇌하수체(腦下垂體)의 중량(重量)은 주령(週齡)이 경과하면서 완만한 증가(增加)를 나타내었다. 3. 22주령(週齡)까지에서 주령(週齡), 생체중(生體重), 정소(精巢), 계관(鷄冠) 및 뇌하수체간(腦下垂體間)에는 고도(高度)의 유의성(有意性)인 상관관계(相關關係)를 나타내었다. 4. 세정관(細精管)의 관경(管俓)과 강경(腔俓)은 부화(孵化)후부터 10 주령(週齡)까지 점진적(漸進的)으로 증가(增加)되다가 무제한급이군(無制限給餌群)들에서는 12 주령(週齡)부터 제한급이군(制限給餌群)들에서는 14 주령(週齡)부터 급증(急增)하기 시작하였고, 그후에도 22주령(週齡)까지 계속 증가(增加)되었다. 5. 8주령(週齡)에는 각(各) 처리군(處理群)에서 제일차(第一次) 정모세포(精母細胞)가 처음으로 출현(出現)하였으며, 10주령(週齡)에는 무제한급이군(無制限給餌群)들에서 제이차(第二次) 정모세포(精母細胞)가 그리고 12주령(週齡)에는 제한급이군(制限給餌群)에서 제이차(第二次) 정모세포(精母細胞)가 처음으로 출현(出現)하였다. 14 주령(週齡)에는 무제한급이군(無制限給餌群)들에서 정자세포(精子細胞)와 정자(精子)가 첫 출현(出現)했으나, 제한급이군(制限給餌群)들에서는 정자세포(精子細胞)만 첫 출현(出現)했다. 6. 최초(最初)의 사정(射精)은 모든 처리군(處理群)들에서 14주령(週齡)과 16주령(週齡) 사이에 나타났으며, 평균(平均) 1회(回) 사정량(射精量)과 정자농도(精子農度)는 최초사정시(最初射精時) 0.1~0.2ml과 $5.6{\sim}9.8{\times}10^8/ml$의 범위를, 20주령시(週齡時)에는 0.30~0.35ml과 $22.4{\sim}42.7{\times}10^8/ml$의 범위를 나타내었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 1994

Morphological estimation of human spermatozoa is complicated by the fact that there is great natural variation in shape. This natural variation in shapes makes it difficult to say which forms are associated with infertility and which are normal variations. Possibly post coital test or in vitro cervical mucus penetration tests will help to clarify this question by showing which sperm are capable of penetration. The purpose of this investigation was performed to assess distribution of various morphological abnormalities according to the ability of sperm to penetrate cervical mucus. The sperm-mucus penetration using hen's egg white as substituting mucus for human cervical mucus was done in 45 fertile men with normal semen analysis and 122 infertile men with abnormal seminal parameters more than one. The female partners of 122 infertile couples showed normal results in the female fundamental test for fertility. Conventional semen analysis was evaluated according to the WHO standard normal(l980). The detailed classification of the abnormal sperm was made according to David et al(l975). The vitality of the sperm samples determined by eosin yellow-nigrosin stainig according to the method of Eliasson(l977). Results were as follw; 1. The patients had significantly lower total sperm count, motility (%), normal morphology (%), viability and total functional sperm fractions(TFSF) than fertile donors. 2. The mean value of sperm penetration distance of the patients(28.69${\pm}$11.02mm) showed significantly lower than fertile donors(37.33${\pm}$5.49mm). And 43/45 fertile donors(95.5%) as well as 57/122 patients(46.7%) had over 30mm in sperm penetration distance respectively. While 2/45 fertile donors(4.5 %) and 65/122 patient(53.3%) had under 30mm in sperm penetration distance respectively. 3. The morphological abnormalities in fertile donors were significantly lower 23.04${\pm}$5.83% (head = 12.89${\pm}$4.98, neck=6.11${\pm}$3.83%, and tail=3.43${\pm}$2.65%), compared to 36.03${\pm}$14. 40% in patients(head = 15.98 8.60%, neck 11.20${\pm}$6.56% and tail=8.70${\pm}$6.55%). Also, 3 types of sperm abnormalities including head, neck and tail were significantly lower in patient than fertile donors, respectively. Both the patients and fertile donors showed higher distribution of sperm with abnormal head than abnormal neck and tail. 4. The mean morphological abnormalities(SP>30mm) of the patients(30.68 11.64%; head = 15.95${\pm}$9.35%, neck=8.14${\pm}$4.21 %, tail=6.56${\pm}$5.64%) were significantly lower compared to patients(40.72${\pm}$15.01 %; head=16.02${\pm}$7.69%, neck 13.89${\pm}$7.82%, tail=1O.58${\pm}$6.75%) under 30mm in sperm penetration distance. Also, both groups over 30mm and under 30mm in sperm penetration showed distance higher distribution of sperm with abnormal head than abnormal neck and tail. The morphological abnormalities of head did not show significant difference but abnormal neck and tail were significant difference between the over 30mm and under 30mm group in sperm penetration distance.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2000

본 연구는 rBST, vitamin E 및 selenium (Se)의 투여가 한우 종모우의 혈액성분 및 호르몬의 농도변화에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 1. rBST 투여구, Vit. E 투여구 및 Se 투여가 한우 종모우의 혈액성분에 미치는 효과를 조사한 결과, 혈중 albumin의 함량은 Se 투여구가 대조구, rBST 투여구 및 Vit. E 투여구보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 함량을 나타났으며 (P＜0.05), 혼합투여구는 여타구 (대조구, rBST 투여구 및 vitamin E 투여구)보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다 (P＜0.05). 혈중 BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)과 creatinine의 함량은 rBST 투여구가 여타구보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다 (P＜0.05). 혈중 total protein 함량은 rBST 투여구, Se 투여구 및 혼합투여구가 대조구보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 함량을 나타냈다 (P＜0.05). 혈중 calcium, cholesterol, glucose, inorganic phosphoros 의 함량은 투여구간에 차이가 없었다 (P＞0.05). 2. rBST, Vit. E 및 Se 투여가 한우 종모우의 혈중내 호르몬의 변화에 미치는 효과를 조사한 결과, 혈중 estradiol의 농도는 Se 투여구와 혼합투여구가 여타구 (대조구, rBST 투여구 및 Vit. E 투여구 )보다 다소 높게 나타났지만 유의차는 인정되지 않았으며 (P＞0.05), 혈중 testeserone의 농도는 투여구간에 커다란 차이는 없었다 (P＞0.05).

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.9-9
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• 2001

내분비계 장애물질 중 관찰물질로 지정된 bisphenol A(BPA)의 투여가 생쥐의 번식 효율에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 웅성 ICR 생쥐에 무처리구, corn oil, 0.05, 0.5 및 5.0mg BPA/kg b.w의 BPA을 3일 간격으로 5회 투여했으며, 자성 ICR 생쥐도 웅성생쥐와 동일하게 3일 간격으로 5회 투여한 후, 웅성은 투여후 2일, 자성은 7일후에 모든검사를 실시하였다. BPA의 투여가 웅성 생쥐의 번식기관무게에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 체중, 정소상체, 정낭선 및 응고선의 무게는 투여구간에 커다란 차이가 없었으며(P>0.05), 정소의 무게는 5.0mg 투여구가 여타구보다 다소 낮은 무게를 나타냈다. BPA의 투여가 웅성 생쥐의 정액성상에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, 생존율과 유효 정자수는 각 투여구간에 커다란 차이가 없었으나 총정자수는 각각 35.50, 35.73, 36.33, 33.13 및 29.28$\times$$10^{7}$ 정자/$m\ell$로서 5.0mg 투여구가 여타구보다 통계적으로 유의하게 낮은 결과을 나타냈다(P<0.05). 기형율은 5.0mg 투여구가 23.15%로서 무처리구(18.13%), 대조구(18.58%) 및 0.05mg 투여구(19.68%)보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 기형율을 나타냈다(P<0.05). 웅성 생쥐에 BPA의 투여가 혈액의 일반성분에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, RBC, Hb, HT, MCV, MCH 및 MCHC는 각 투여구간에 차이가 없었으며, WBC는 BPA 투여구가 무처리구 및 대조구보다 다소 낮은 수치를 나타냈으며, PLT는 BPA 투여구가 무처리구 및 대조구보다 높은 수치를 나타냈다. BPA의 투여가 자성 생쥐의 번식기관무게에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, 체중은 투여구간에 커다란 차이가 없었으며 자궁의 무게는 BPA 투여구가 대조구에 비해 다소 논은 무게를 나타냈다. 오른쪽 난소의 무게는 0.5mg 투여구와 5.0mg 투여구가 각각 0.0059 및 0.0061g으로 대조구(0.0081g)와 0.05mg 투여구(0.0071g)보다 낮은 무게를 나타냈으며, 왼쪽 난소의 무게는 각각 0.0076, 0.0076, 0.0058 및 0.0061g으로 0.5mg 투여구가 대조구와 0.05mg 투여구보다 낮은 무게를 나타냈다(P<0.05). BPA의 투여가 자성 생쥐의 혈구화학치에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, RBC, Hb, HT, MCV, MCH 및 MCHC는 각 투여구간에 차이가 없었으며, WBC는 BPA 투여구가 대조구보다 다소 높은 수치를 나타냈다. PLT는 0.5mg 투여구와 5.0mg 투여구가 대조구보다 다소 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 정소, 난소 및 자궁의 조직, 병리학적인 검사에서는 모든 투여구간에 커다란 차이가 없었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.173-177
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• 2019

Objective: We investigated the clinical characteristics of men with testosterone replacement therapy (TRT)-induced hypogonadism and its effect on assisted reproductive technology (ART) in infertile couples. Methods: This study examined the records of 20 consecutive male patients diagnosed with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia (< 5 × 10⁶/mL) who visited a single infertility center from January 2008 to July 2018. All patients were treated at a primary clinic for erectile dysfunction or androgen deficiency symptoms combined with low serum testosterone. All men received a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor and TRT with testosterone undecanoate (Nebido^®) or testosterone enanthate (Jenasteron^®). Patients older than 50 years or with a chronic medical disease such as diabetes were excluded. Results: The mean age of patients was 37 years and the mean duration of infertility was 16.3 ± 11.6 months. At the initial presentation, eight patients had azoospermia, nine had cryptozoospermia, and three had severe oligozoospermia. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels were below 1.0 mIU/mL in most patients. Three ongoing ART programs with female factor infertility were cancelled due to male spermatogenic dysfunction; two of these men had normal semen parameters in the previous cycle. After withholding TRT, serum hormone levels and sperm concentrations returned to normal range after a median duration of 8 months. Conclusion: TRT with high-dose testosterone can cause spermatogenic dysfunction due to suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis, with adverse effects on infertility treatment programs. TRT is therefore contraindicated for infertile couples attempting to conceive, and the patient's desire for fertility must be considered before initiation of TRT in a hypogonadal man.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.413-421
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• 1987

토끼에서 bovine serum albumin gradients로 성(性)의 전선택(前選擇)이 가능(可能)한지를 알아보기 위하여 6%, 10% 및 20%의 농도(濃度)를 달리한 bovine serum albumin을 사용한 방법(方法)으로 고활력정자(高活力精子)를 분리수집하여 정자(精子)의 성상(性狀)과 분리된 정액(精液)의 인공수정시(人工授精時)에 있어서 자토(仔兎)의 성비(性比)를 비교관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Bovine serum albumin을 사용하여 분리(分離)된 정자(精子)는 임신율(妊娠率)에 있어서는 대조군에 비해 높은 성적(成績)을 나타내었으나, 자토(仔兎)의 성비(性比)에 있어서는 변화를 일으키지 못하였다. 2. Bovine serum albumin에 의해 분리(分離)된 정자(精子)는 대조군에 비하여 운동성(運動性), 정상정자율(正常精子率) 및 전진운동성(前進運動性)이 현저히 높았으며, 정자회수율(精子回數率)은 6%일 때 가장 높았다. 3. 원정액(原精液)으로부터 bovine serum albumin을 사용하여 고활력정자(高活力精子)를 분리(分離)한 후(後) 냉동(冷凍)한 정액(精液)의 융해후(融解後) 정자운동성(精子運動性), 정상정자율(正常精子率) 및 전진운동성(前進運動性)은 대조군에 비하여 현저히 높았다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2013

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of L-cysteine on sperm characteristics and oocyte cleavage in vitro in Korean native cattle. For this study, the freezing of diluted semen were added with Triladyl containing 20% egg-yolk and/or 0, 5, 10 and 20 mM L-cysteine before cryopreservation. The viability in frozen-thawed sperm were estimated by SYBR14/PI double stain, acrosome damage with FITC-PNA, mitochondria intact with Rhodamin123 and hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$) level with carboxy-DCFDA by flow-cytometry. The developmental capacity was also assessed with cleavage rates in oocytes fertilized in vitro by frozen-thawed sperm. In results, the sperm viability was significantly increased in 10 mM and 20 mM concentrations of L-cysteine than other groups (p<0.05). In addition, acrosome damage was significantly decreased in 10 mM and 20 mM concentrations of L-cysteine than other groups (p<0.05). The mitochondria intact was also significantly increased in 10 mM and 20 mM concentrations of L-cysteine than other groups (p<0.05). On the other hand, the cleavage rates were significantly increased in 0 mM, 5 mM and 10 mM groups than 20 mM concentration of L-cysteine (p<0.05). The oocyte degeneration of oocytes were significantly decreased in 0 mM, 5 mM and 10 mM groups than in 20 mM L-cysteine group (P<0.05). However, there are no significantly differences among the L-cysteine treatment groups. We suggest that concentration of 10 mM L-cysteine have beneficial impact for sperm cryopreserved in Korean native cattle. This result also could be recommended for artificial insemination program if supported by an improvement in the fertility results and required further study.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.524-552
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• 1998

Purgation therapy has played an important role as a influential remedy from the begining of the Chinese medicine. Especially purgation therapy is raised as the effective remedy on the acute infectious disease in the book of 'Treatise on Febrile Disease'. But It was inclined to cold-nature and available only in the excess syndrome. Nevertheless it is evident that the book has showed an example of this therapy. During the middle age, purgation therapy is classified into several subtype; hydrogogue therapy, laxation with lubricants, purgation with cold-natured drugs and purgation with warm-natured drugs. Comparing with the ancient times, it must be a progression. It was investigated earnestly by a school leaded by Zhang Congzheng. They were not restricted to several diseases, but applied it to the wide range of diseases. They thought as following. 'One is ill from pathogenic factor so that you should eliminate it from the human body'. Hence, they frequently used three major remedies such as diaphoresis, emesis and purgation. In this process, purgation therapy had showed eye-opening progress. But opposition to it was not little. Li Gao was a representative man on the opposite side. He expressed a critical opinion and placed great importance on the genuine energy, the natural healing force. Under his influence, a large number of doctors evaded purgation and put it under taboo. On account of these trend, purgation therapy had took a backward step and retrograded. Therefore cathartics such as Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Rharbitidis Semen, cold drugs such as Gypsum Fibrosum, etc. had been excluded for preservation of the genuine energy, and came about an obnoxious custom to value only 'tonity deficiency', or 'warm and tonify'. As it had came into fashion to approach most disease from the point of view, purgation therapy was merely fall into a remedy of constipation. After the eighteenth century purgation therapy encountered the new period of rivival. It was introduced by them who strived for the study of Epidemics to the new current of thought, so called '增水行舟'. It was because 온병 was apt to dissipate one's Yin fluid. Therefore purgation therapy of this period was characterized by establishing nourishment Yin and body fluid with or without use of timely purgation of accumulation of heat. From the time of Zhang Congzheng, it was accomplished by Lee Je-ma to the most epoch-making change. He caused an improvement in the use of purgation therapy by regarding innate constitutional contradiction as importance than representing clinical symptoms. He warned that existing remedies that depend only upon symptoms and signs, not upon individual characteristics including constitutional features didn't bring round to but kill them. And he understood all the pathologic processes in his constitutional theory, investigated specific drugs on four constitution, made indications of each prescriptions clear. For giving to differentiation of constition before differentiation of syndrom, his new slant on the pathologic phenomena overcome the limitations of 변증시치, and revaluate purgation therapy from remedy impaire the genuine energy to that restore it by recover the balance between the internal organ. It is the product of him to fundamentally upset the cause to be in disregard of purgation therapy.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.218-233
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• 2005

Purpose : To investigate clinical-epidemologic aspect of infertility patients in Conmaul Oriental Hospital. Methods : From 2003, 5 to 2004, 4, a total 1223(female 943, male 280) patients was recruited, and their medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Results : The mean age of female was $31.83{\pm}3.63$ yesrs, and $34.08{\pm}3.66$ years in male. The mean BMI of female was $20.83{\pm}2.74$, and $24.36{\pm}3.03$ in male. The most common occupation of female was profession, administration, management.The primary infertility was 52.9% and the secondary infertility 47.1%. The most common past history in female was laparotomy. The mean duration of infertility was $3.32{\pm}2.5$ years and $3.9{\pm}2.63$ years in female and male. 83.6% of secondary infertility women experienced abortion. The incidence of patients with both combinded infertility factors of female and male was the most highest, and the most common single factor was ovulatory. 92.4% of female patients took sterility tests, 71.0% of male patients took semen analysis. 50.8% female took ovulation induction, IUI, IVF before coming. 8.91% of female and 72.14% of male were accompanied by their spouse. 61.2% of female took sterility test with their spouse. Female's duration of treatment was longer than man's. The most reliable source of choices was encouragement of family members, acquaintance. Conclusion : In this study, we presented staus concerend with infertility and the characteristics of patients went to oriental hospital. Furthermore, the study about oriental treatments and the results of that treatments is required.