• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.463-467
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• 2015

Mega-shock means a sporadic event such as the earning shock, which occurred by sudden market changes, and it can cause serious problems of profit loss of international construction projects. Therefore, the early response and prevention by analyzing and predicting the Mega-shock is critical for successful project delivery. This research is preliminary study to develop a prediction model that supports market condition analysis and Mega-shock forecasting. To avoid disadvantages of classic statistical approaches that assume the market factors are linear and independent and thus have limitations to explain complex interrelationship among a range of international market factors, the research team explored the Fractal Theory that can explain self-similarity and recursiveness of construction market changes. The research first found out correlation of the major market factors by statistically analyzing time-series data. The research then conducted a base of the Fractal analysis to distinguish features of fractal from data. The outcome will have potential to contribute to building up a foundation of the early shock warning system for the strategic international project management.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.517-522
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate food allergens and prevalence rates of food allergies, followed by comparison of consumer attitudes and preferences regarding food allergy labeling by diagnosis of food allergies. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 543 individuals living in Seoul and Gyeonggi area participated in the survey from October 15 to 22 in 2013. RESULTS: The results show that the prevalence of doctor-diagnosed food allergies was 17.5%, whereas 6.4% of respondents self-reported food allergies. The most common allergens of doctor-diagnosed and self-reported food allergy respondents were peaches (30.3%) and eggs (33.3%), respectively, followed by peanuts, cow's milk, and crab. Regarding consumer attitudes toward food labeling, checking food allergens as an item was only significantly different between allergic and non-allergic respondents among all five items (P < 0.001). All respondents reported that all six items (bold font, font color, box frame, warning statement, front label, and addition of potential allergens) were necessary for an improved food allergen labeling system. PLSR analysis determined that the doctor-diagnosed group and checking of food allergens were positively correlated, whereas the non-allergy group was more concerned with checking product brands. CONCLUSIONS: An effective food labeling system is very important for health protection of allergic consumers. Additionally, government agencies must develop policies regarding prevalence of food allergies in Korea. Based on this information, the food industry and government agencies should provide clear and accurate food labeling practices for consumers.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.33-39
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• 2014

In this paper, a new on-chip aging sensing circuit based on flip-flops is proposed to detect a circuit failure of MOSFET digital circuits casued by aging phenomenon such as HCI and BTI. The proposed circuit uses timing windows to warn against a guardband violation of sequential circuits, and generates three warning bits right before circuit failures occur. The generated bits can apply to an adaptive self-tuning method for reliable system design as control signals. The aging sensor circuit has been implemented using 0.11um CMOS technology and evaluated by $4{\times}4$ multiplier with power gating structure.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1265-1271
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 강우의 시 공간적 분포의 불규칙한 변동성을 고려한 강우-유출예측모형을 위해 인공신경망(Artificial Neural Networks: ANNs)의 기법의 일종인 자기조직화(Self Organizing Map: SOM) 이론과 역전파 학습 알고리즘(Back Propagation Algorithm: BPA) 이론을 복합적으로 이용하였다. 기존의 인공신경망 연구에서 야기된 저 갈수기의 유출량에 대한 과대평가, 홍수기의 유출량에 대한 과소평가, 예측값이 연속적으로 선행 유출량을 나타내는 Persistence 현상을 해결하기 위하여 패턴분류 성능을 지닌 SOM 이론을 예측모형의 전처리 과정으로 이용하였다. 먼저, 본 연구에서 제안한 방법은 SOM에 의해 강우-유출 관계를 분류하고, SOM에 의한 분류에 따라 각각의 모형을 구성한다. 개별적으로 구축된 모형은 유출량의 예측을 위해 각각의 양상에 따라 분류된 자료를 이용한다. 결과적으로 본 연구에서 제안한 방법은 과거의 인공신경망의 일반적인 적용에 의한 결과보다 더 나은 예측능력을 보여주었으며, 더불어 유출량의 과소 및 과대추정과 Persistence 현상과 같은 문제점이 나타나지 않았다. 또한 강우량 및 유출량의 범위에 제한을 받지 않는 강우-유출예측 모형의 개발 및 홍수기로부터 갈수기까지의 보다 넓은 범위의 유출량의 예측에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to identify patients' perceptions toward regulations of smoking in general hospitals and hazards caused by smoking. Moreover this study also identified smoking behaviors and punishment experience due to in-hospital smoking and education experiences of smoking in general hospitals. Around 88.0％ of all respondents regardless of either smokers or non-smokers knew that hospitals are non-smoking area. However, 71.6％ of smokers smoked during their hospital visits. For their smoking, only 51.0％ of smokers utilized smoking rooms or areas for their smoking. Only 55.1％ of smokers experienced punishments or notifications of warning due to their smoking. Around 93.0％ of inpatients and outpatients acknowledged hazards toward their health caused by smoking. However, smokers did not realize the dangerous effects of passive smoking to other persons. Only 38.1％ of smokers said that passive smoking causes hazard of others' health. 63.8％ of smokers hoped for secession of smoking but only 42.8％ of them sustained their non-smoking periods over 5 moths. Based on these results, this study insists that a more enforced smoking policy in general hospitals be desperately needed for protecting patients' health and controlling smoking at unapproved areas. Moreover hospitals should take proactive actions to prevent smoking in hospitals. A health education program in hospitals should promote patients' self-efficacy to stop smoking and patients' understanding of the hazardous effects of passive smoking in hospitals.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1986

As public awareness of the various warning signs of malignancy increases, so does the concern evoked by the self identified finding of mass in the head and neck area. Not all the palpable masses are always significantly abnormal, but any nontender mass especially to the adult is significant enough to warrent further full investigation and follow up, the object of which should be to determine the possibility of malignancy and urgency of treatment. Approach to the diagnosis of the neck mass is so important in that it affects decision regarding further evaluation would lead to the determination of the most efficacious mode of therapy, eventually to the good prognosis. So, it should be emphasized that approach to the diagnosis of neck mass should be planned, systematic and thorough, this begins with the taking careful history following performance of complete examination of the head and neck especially to the nasopharynx, tongue base, pyriform sinus, palatine tonsil and larynx. Then a number of laboratory and radiologic studies are available, following triple endoscopy under general anesthesia and blind biopsy if needed. The most important rule to keep is that any biopsy procedures should be delayed to the last modality of effort to the diagnosis and if it should be done, under the plan of radical neck dissection.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.756-760
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• 2005

By development of a robot technology, personal robot is being developed very actively. Various infra-technologies are accumulated in hardware and software how by internal a lot of research and development efforts, and it is circumstance that actual commodity is announced. But, personal robot is applied to be acting near human, and takes charge of safety and connected directly a lot of works of home security, gas-leakage, fire-warning facilities, or/and etc. So personal robot must do safe and stable action even if any unexpected accidents are happened, important functions are always operated. In this paper, we are wished to show design structures for supporting fault-tolerant operation from our real-time robot middleware viewpoint. Personal robot, in being developed, was designed by module structure to do to interconnect and to interoperate among each module that is mutually implemented by each research facilities or company. Also, each modules can use appreciate network system that is fit for handling and communicating its data. To guarantee this, we have being developed a real-time network middleware, for especially personal robot. Recent our working is to add and to adjust some functions like connection management, distributed routing mechanism, remote object management, and making platform independent robot application execution environment with self-moving of robot application, for fault-tolerant personal robot.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2018

Recently, the safety in vehicle also has become a hot topic as self-driving car is developed. In passive safety systems such as airbags and seat belts, the system is being changed into an active system that actively grasps the status and behavior of the passengers including the driver to mitigate the risk. Furthermore, it is expected that it will be possible to provide customized services such as seat deformation, air conditioning operation and D.W.D (Distraction While Driving) warning suitable for the passenger by using occupant information. In this paper, we propose robust vehicle occupant detection algorithm based on RGB-Depth-Thermal camera for obtaining the passengers information. The RGB-Depth-Thermal camera sensor system was configured to be robust against various environment. Also, one of the deep learning algorithms, OpenPose, was used for occupant detection. This algorithm is advantageous not only for RGB image but also for thermal image even using existing learned model. The algorithm will be supplemented to acquire high level information such as passenger attitude detection and face recognition mentioned in the introduction and provide customized active convenience service.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.161-171
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• 2019

There have been a few checking frameworks intended to ensure and improve the nature of their regular habitat. The greater part of these frameworks are constrained in their capacities. In this paper, the insightful checking framework intended for debacle help and administrations has been exhibited. The ideal administrations, necessities and coming about plan proposition have been indicated. This has prompted a framework that depends fundamentally on ecological examination so as to offer consideration and security administrations to give the self-governance of indigenous habitats. In this sense, ecological acknowledgment is considered, where, in light of past work, novel commitments have been made to help include based and PC vision situations. This epic PC vision procedure utilized as notice framework for avalanche identification depends on changes in the normal landscape. The multi-criteria basic leadership strategy is used to incorporate slope data and the level of variety of the highlights. The reproduction consequences of highlight point discovery are shown in highlight guide coordinating toward discover steady and coordinating component focuses and effectively identified utilizing these two systems, by examining the variety in the distinguished highlights and the element coordinating.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.203-217
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• 2018

Both in terms of frequency and importance, sympathy is one of the most central themes that Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1818) delves into. While not a few critics have written on the subject, one crucially important aspect has been overlooked in the previous discussions of sympathy in Frankenstein: Shelley's critical intervention in the term's long lasting association with the notion of one body from a single origin. Focusing on the novel's central theme of sympathy, my paper addresses this oversight in the existing Frankenstein scholarship. I argue that Shelley's main agenda regarding sympathy in the novel is to problematize the logic of self-reproduction implicit in the notion of sympathy as an essentially familial tie. The reading of the novel as a warning against human violation of nature has been prevalent both in academia and popular culture. Nonetheless, in terms of sympathy, this paper offers an alternative reading in which the novel questions, not valorizes, the naturalization of nature. Far from valorizing the inviolable sacredness of nature, I argue, Frankenstein is a literary project attempting to disassociate sympathy from the natural bond that one is born into, and instead, re-associate it with fellowship as a second-nature to be continuously reinvented and reeducated.